State v. Owenby, 20320

• Decision Date: 06 December 1976
• Docket Number: No. 20320,20320
• Citation: 267 S.C. 666,230 S.E.2d 898
• Court: South Carolina Supreme Court
• Parties: The STATE, Respondent, v. Earl OWENBY, Appellant.

Page 898

230 S.E.2d 898

267 S.C. 666

The STATE, Respondent, v. Earl OWENBY, Appellant.

No. 20320.

Supreme Court of South Carolina.

Dec. 6, 1976.

Keith A. Gatlin and John C. Hayes, III, Rock Hill, for appellant.

Atty. Gen. Daniel R. McLeod, Asst. Attys. Gen. Joseph R. Barker and Richard P. Wilson, Columbia, and Solicitor Mike S. Jolly and Asst. Solicitor William L. Ferguson, Union, for respondent.

PER CURIAM:

The appellant, Earl Owenby, was convicted by a jury of armed robbery and was sentenced to serve a term of eighteen (18) years in prison. He appeals, setting forth four alleged grounds of error as a basis for a new trial. We discuss only one.

In the trial of the case, witness Cook was testifying for the State and was being cross-examined by defense counsel. Cook had previously testified in the same court concerning the same facts in another case. The defendant's attorney sought to impeach Cook's credibility by questioning him relative to testimony in the previous trial alleged to be in conflict with the testimony he was currently giving the court. The trial judge refused to allow cross-examination on this point because the transcript of the previous testimony was not available for use. It was the position of defense counsel that the witness could be cross-examined without the use of the printed transcript.

We are of the opinion that the trial judge was in error. However, after careful consideration of the record before us, we have concluded that the error was harmless and does not warrant a reversal.

There appears to be, in the trial of cases, considerable misunderstanding by both the bench and the bar as to the right of counsel to cross-examine a witness concerning statements made in a prior judicial proceeding. Obviously, it is preferable to have available the written transcript taken at the former hearing, but the unavailability of such transcript does not preclude the utilization of other means of proving to the court what the witness stated on a prior occasion. In the recent case of State v. Hicks, 261 S.C. 247, 199 S.E.2d 304 (1973), evidence other than the transcript of record of prior testimony was stated to be proper for impeachment purposes. Therein Chief Justice Moss said:

'The appellant could also offer oral proof by anyone who heard the witness' testimony at the former hearing. Brice v. Miller, 35 S.C. 537, 15 S.E. 272.' (1892)

As far back as Brice, supra, this Court stated:

'(I)t does not follow that where a third person,...