State v. Peterson

• Decision Date: 31 October 1945
• Docket Number: 362
• Citation: 35 S.E.2d 645,225 N.C. 540
• Parties: STATE v. PETERSON.
• Court: North Carolina Supreme Court

35 S.E.2d 645

225 N.C. 540

STATE v. PETERSON.

No. 362

Supreme Court of North Carolina

October 31, 1945

Criminal prosecution on bill of indictment charging the murder of one William Herbert Holmes.

On the night of December 25, 1943 the defendant, the deceased, and Melvin Bryant were out with two girls on an automobile. After visiting several places, deceased suggested that they go home. Defendant, the owner of the automobile, replied 'This was his damn car, and he knew when to drive his damn car. ' He and deceased then began to curse each other. After driving some distance down the road defendant stopped and told deceased to get out. Deceased got out and walked down the road. Defendant drove by him and he and Bryant got out went back of the car to or near deceased, and defendant and deceased renewed the argument. There was a lick or thud. Defendant then ran back to the automobile and said a passing car had killed Herbert. He said 'If you don't tell that Herbert came across the road over where he went to tend to his business in the woods and that a car came along and hit him we all will be held. ' Although deceased was still living defendant refused to give him any assistance or to take him to a doctor. There was a wound on the head of deceased and his skull was crushed. There were no other wounds on his body and his clothes were not torn or disarrayed. No other automobile had passed. The State offered evidence of other incriminating facts and circumstances.

When the case was called for trial the solicitor announced that he would not ask for a verdict of murder in the first degree. The jury returned a verdict of murder in the second degree. The court pronounced judgment on the verdict and defendant excepted and appealed.

Harry M. McMullan, Atty. Gen., and Hughes J. Rhodes, Ralph M Moody, and J. E. Tucker, Asst. Attys. Gen., for the State.

J. Faison Thomson, of Goldsboro, and E. C. Robinson, of Clinton, for defendant appellant.

BARNHILL Justice.

We do not deem it necessary to summarize all the testimony or to enter into a discussion of its probative force further than to say there was sufficient evidence offered to repel the motion to dismiss under G.S. s 15-173.

The contention that there is no competent evidence of the cause of death is without merit. The deceased was a young man in apparent good health. He received a traumatic injury which crushed his skull and affected the brain tissue. He died almost immediately thereafter. Certainly this warrants the inference that death was caused by the crushed skull and the injured brain tissue.

The court instructed the jury in part as follows:

'In the absence of some admission or evidence establishing an opposite presumption sufficient to overcome the presumption of innocence, the most that can be required of a defendant in a criminal prosecution is explanation but not exculpation. The defendant is not required to show his innocence; the State must prove his guilt beyond a reasonable doubt, and the burden of this ultimate issue never shifts.'

To this instruction the defendant excepts and assigns the same as error. The exception must be sustained.

The witness did not take the stand in his own behalf or offer other testimony. Nor did he plead self-defense. He elected instead to rely upon the weakness of the evidence offered by the State. There was no admission of the use of a deadly weapon and the evidence in respect thereto was circumstantial. Hence the testimony was not such as to justify a peremptory instruction in the absence of explanation. State v. Singleton, 183 N.C. 738, 110 S.E. 846; State v. Ellis, 210 N.C. 166, 185 S.E. 663; State v. Davis, 223 N.C. 381, 26 S.E.2d 869.

The defendant had the right to go upon the witness stand and explain or attempt to explain the facts and circumstances about which the State had offered testimony so...