State v. Wallace, 1350
Citation | 97 Ariz. 296,399 P.2d 909 |
Decision Date | 17 March 1965 |
Docket Number | No. 1350,1350 |
Parties | STATE of Arizona, Appellee, v. Monte Mack WALLACE, Appellant. |
Court | Arizona Supreme Court |
Darrell F. Smith, Atty. Gen., Robert W. Pickrell, former Atty. Gen., Stirley Newell, former Asst. Atty. Gen., for appellee.
Sandor O. Shuch, Phoenix, for appellant.
The appellant, Monte Mack Wallace, was arrested and charged with an attempted robbery of a liquor store on December 14, 1962. On January 24, 1963, his first trial ended in a hung jury and upon a retrial on February 11, 1963, the jury returned a verdict of guilty. He appeals from the judgment and sentence, urging (1) that the court below erroneously excluded evidence at his retrial and (2) that it erroneously refused defense counsel permission to inspect certain portions of a police report.
At the trial, testimony for the State tended to show that appellant and another approached a drive-in window of a liquor store and that appellant drew a gun and demanded money, that the other man said to appellant, whereupon the two ran away. It was appellant's position that he was misunderstood by the clerk in the liquor store and that instead of attempting a robbery he had produced a pellet gun with the intention of trying to sell it.
In the course of the trial, appellant testified that on the day of the offense he had a conversation with his brother-in-law. When appellant attempted to relate what he told his brother-in-law, the court sustained an objection for the reason that it was self-serving. The defense also called as a witness the appellant's sister who testified that he came to her house on the day of the purported offense and borrowed a pellet gun. Further testimony was sought to be introduced to this effect:
The issue here is whether the appellant intended to commit a robbery. Where specific intent is an element of the offense direct testimony by a defendant as to his intent at the time of or accompanying the act is admissible. Richardson v. State, 34 Ariz. 139, 268 P. 615. The objection that a defendant's out-of-court utterance, either through his own testimony or through others, is self-serving is not a valid basis for exclusion.
McCormick on Evidence, 1954 Ed., p. 588 § 275.
Appellant argues that an inference from the proposed testimony can be drawn as to his intention to sell the gun which corroborates his statement that he was misunderstood by the clerk in the liquor store. It may be said that the better reasoned authorities tend to support appellant's position that evidence of out-of-court declarations from which an inference of intent or plan can be drawn are admissible where relevant.
VI Wigmore on Evidence, 3rd Ed., § 1732, p. 99. (Emphases in original.)
In White v. United States, 5th Cir., 216 F.2d 1, on a charge of income tax evasion, a letter containing the defendant's written instructions for the preparation of his return were held admissible. The court there approved Wigmore's statement as above quoted and further stated:
In State v. Dunlap, 40 Idaho 630, 235 P. 432, on a charge of murder where the State's theory was that the defendant had procured a gun after he was certain that a quarrel would be provoked with the deceased, it was held error to refuse to admit conversations of the defendant with the owner relative to the borrowing of the gun. The court said:
40 Idaho 630, 634, 235 P. 432, 433.
The testimony that appellant told his sister that he wanted to see if he could get 'a few bucks' for the gun tends to suggest that appellant was not intent on robbery at the time of the incident at the drive-in; as such, it is not hearsay but simply circumstantial evidence to which the hearsay objection does not apply. McCormick on Evidence, 1954 Ed., pp. 465, 567-568, §§ 228, 268. It was prejudicial error for the trial court to exclude the evidence here under consideration.
The appellant further urges that the trial court erred in refusing to permit the examination by appellant of a police report which was brought into the courtroom by the prosecution during the course of the trial. This incident occurred while Richard Coleman, a police officer of the City of Phoenix, was testifying. He...
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State ex rel. Corbin v. Superior Court In and For Maricopa County
...justice so dictates. State ex rel. Helm v. Superior Court of Cochise County, 90 Ariz. 133, 137, 367 P.2d 6 (1961); State v. Wallace,97 Ariz. 296, 300, 399 P.2d 909 (1965). We believe that previous decisions of our Supreme Court in this troublesome area of discovery in criminal actions indic......
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State v. Fassler
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State v. Tackett
...the defendant has no right to examine the state's evidence merely in the hope that something will trun up to aid him, State v. Wallace, 1965, 97 Ariz. 296, 399 P.2d 909; Walker v. Superior Court of Mendocino County, 1957, 155 Cal.App.2d 134, 317 P.2d 130; Rosier v. People, supra: State v. S......
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...solely on the ground that such statements or conduct is self-serving. State v. Johnson, 671 P.2d 215 (Utah 1983); State v. Wallace, 97 Ariz. 296, 399 P.2d 909 (1965); Commonwealth v. Fatalo, 345 Mass. 85, 185 N.E.2d 754 (1962). See also United States v. Dellinger, 472 F.2d 340, 381 (7th Cir......