State v. Whitney, 89-560
Citation | 591 A.2d 388,156 Vt. 301 |
Decision Date | 01 March 1991 |
Docket Number | No. 89-560,89-560 |
Parties | STATE of Vermont v. Earl R. WHITNEY. |
Court | Vermont Supreme Court |
John T. Quinn, Addison County State's Atty., Middlebury, for plaintiff-appellee.
Margaret A. O'Rourke, Bonnie Barnes and Lauren Mickey, Law Clerk (on the brief), of Sessions, Keiner, Dumont, Barnes & Everitt, Middlebury, for defendant-appellant.
Before ALLEN, C.J., and GIBSON, DOOLEY, MORSE and JOHNSON, JJ.
Defendant appeals the sentence imposed on his conviction for driving under the influence of intoxicating liquor. We affirm.
At sentencing the court granted defendant's motion to strike a 1974 DUI conviction, but refused to strike a 1985 DUI conviction. Defendant claimed that the 1985 conviction, based on a guilty plea entered while defendant was represented by counsel, was invalid under V.R.Cr.P. 11(f). Defendant argued that the court in that proceeding had not shown that it was satisfied that there was a "factual basis for the plea," as required by the Rule, and had not shown that the elements of the offense were explained to defendant, with the result that the State could not demonstrate the voluntariness of the plea. See In re Dunham, 144 Vt. 444, 448-49, 479 A.2d 144, 147 (1984).
As a threshold matter, defendant offers no authority for the proposition that a prior DUI conviction, obtained in a proceeding in which defendant was represented by counsel and which was not subsequently appealed, must be disregarded in a sentencing hearing in a subsequent proceeding because of an error of law in the first proceeding. *
Even if defendant were to overcome that barrier, we do not find persuasive his contention that Rule 11(f) and the federal constitution were violated in his 1985 plea. While it is the better practice for the court, when considering whether to accept a guilty plea, to explain to the defendant the elements of the offense and the factual allegations comprising the offense, see In re Kasper, 145 Vt. 117, 120-21, 483 A.2d 608, 610-11 (1984); Dunham, 144 Vt. at 451, 479 A.2d at 148, this is not a per se rule. McCarthy v. United States, 394 U.S. 459, 467 n. 20, 89 S.Ct. 1166, 1171 n. 20, 22 L.Ed.2d 418 (1969) (quoting Kennedy v. United States, 397 F.2d 16, 17 (6th Cir.1968)). For the Rule 11(f) inquiry, "no mechanical rules can be stated, and the more complex or doubtful the situation ..., the more searching will be the inquiry dictated by a sound judgment and discretion." United States v. Dayton, 604 F.2d 931, 938 (5th Cir.1979); cf. State v. Gabert, 152 Vt. 83, 88-90, 564 A.2d 1356, 1359-60 (1989) ( ).
The elements of this offense were readily understandable. Defendant was clearly informed at the 1985 plea hearing that he was charged with DUI. At that time defendant was not a stranger to the DUI law. It was his third conviction. The court satisfied itself that there was a factual basis for the plea by examining the affidavit of the arresting officer, which the record indicates was supplied to defendant. We hold on these facts that Rule 11(f), and the constitutionally required determination of voluntariness which the Rule 11(f) inquiry is meant to address, were satisfied. See Swensen v. Municipality of Anchorage, 616 P.2d 874, 880-81 (Alaska 1980) ( ).
Affirmed.
* In Burgett v. Texas, 389 U.S. 109, 88 S.Ct. 258, 19 L.Ed.2d 319 (1967), and United States v. Tucker, 404 U.S. 443, 92 S.Ct. 589, 30 L.Ed.2d 592 (1972), the Supreme Court held that a court cannot consider previous...
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In re Barber
...A.3d 489 (setting forth case law around Rule 11(f) ). As Bridger explained, the sole deviation from that rule was State v. Whitney, 156 Vt. 301, 303, 591 A.2d 388, 389 (1991), in which this Court concluded that Rule 11(f) was satisfied when the police affidavit was supplied to both the cour......
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In re Bridger, 16–142
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