Telecky v. Yampa Valley Elec. Ass'n, Inc.
| Decision Date | 16 April 1992 |
| Docket Number | No. 90CA1115,90CA1115 |
| Citation | 837 P.2d 253 |
| Parties | Gloria G. TELECKY, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. YAMPA VALLEY ELECTRIC ASSOCIATION, INC., a Colorado corporation, Defendant-Appellee. . I |
| Court | Colorado Court of Appeals |
Spence, Moriarity & Schuster, J. Douglas McCalla, Philip White, Jr., Jackson, Wyo., Kenneth L. Keene, Denver, for plaintiff-appellant.
Hall & Evans, Peter F. Jones, Malcolm S. Mead, Robert J. McCormick, Denver, for defendant-appellee.
Opinion by Judge PIERCE.
Plaintiff, Gloria G. Telecky, appeals from a judgment entered upon a jury verdict finding defendant, Yampa Valley Electrical Association, Inc., not negligent in the death of her husband. We reverse and remand for a new trial.
Plaintiff contends there was prejudicial error in the instructions given. We agree.
After the adoption of Public Utilities Commission (PUC) Rule 18, 4 Code Colo.Reg. 723-3, and prior to trial, defendant gave the requisite notice that it had declared itself exempt from the provisions of the Public Utilities' law. See §§ 40-9.5-103 and 40-9.5-104, C.R.S. (1984 Repl.Vol. 17). This fact was not, however, brought to the attention of the trial court by either party.
Instruction No. 20 informed the jury according to the language of PUC Rule 18(a)(3), which reads:
Any electric plant of the utility that is constructed, installed, maintained and operated in accordance with the National Electric Safety Code in effect at the time of its construction or installation shall be presumed to comply with accepted good engineering practice in the electric industry and the provisions of this rule.
Plaintiff contends that, in light of defendant's having declared itself exempt from the rule, the trial court erred in giving Instruction No. 20. Plaintiff further contends that the trial court erred in failing to give her tendered instructions which read as follows:
You are instructed that while conformity with the National Electric Safety Code standard is not an absolute defense to negligence while it may be evidence of due care, compliance with industry standards, or standards legislatively or administratively imposed, does not preclude a finding of negligence where a reasonable person would have taken additional precautions under the circumstances.
The National Electric Safety Code contains minimum requirements and guidelines for the design, construction and maintenance of power lines.
Defendant argues that plaintiff failed to preserve the issue for review and, in any event, that Instruction No. 20 is a correct legal statement and the instructions as a whole accurately informed the jury of the applicable law.
First, as to defendant's contentions, plaintiff's objections to Instruction No. 20 were that it did not set forth the correct standard of care. This is sufficient to preserve the issue for appellate review. Blueflame Gas, Inc. v. Van Hoose, 679 P.2d 579 (Colo.1984). Second, Instruction No. 20 does not fairly and fully set forth the correct legal statement applicable to the construction of power lines, while also adequately instructing the jury in accordance with plaintiff's legal theory.
Instructions are properly given if, when read as a whole, they adequately and correctly inform the jury as to the law applicable to the case. Hotchkiss v. Preble, 33 Colo.App. 431, 521 P.2d 1278 (1974). There is no error in refusing tendered instructions if all elements and points of law contained in the tendered instructions are sufficiently covered in the instructions actually given. Felder v. Union Pacific R.R. Co., 660 P.2d 911 (Colo.App.1982).
Because of the dangerous nature of electric power lines, an electric utility company is held to the highest degree of care consistent with the practical conduct of its business under known methods and the present state of the art. An instruction stating this duty was given here. Smith v. Home Light & Power Co., 734 P.2d 1051 (Colo.1987); Mladjan v. Public Service Co., 797 P.2d 1299 (Colo.App.1990); see also CJI-Civ.3d 9:5 (1988). As such, compliance with an administrative safety standard is a circumstance to be weighed with other factors and is not, by itself, necessarily conclusive on the issue of due care or negligence. See Blueflame Gas, Inc. v. Van Hoose, supra ().
Here, Instruction No. 20 gives a rebuttable presumption in accordance with CJI-Civ.3d 3:5 (1988) (version 2), which instructs the jury to consider this presumption together with all other evidence in the case. However, because of the dangerous nature of electric power lines, and the conceded fact that administrative safety standards prescribe only minimum requirements and must be considered with the particular circumstances and conduct consistent with the state of the art, see Smith v. Home Light & Power, supra, the jury was not fully and adequately instructed by virtue of Instruction No. 20 alone.
The applicability of PUC Rule 18 is not, therefore, the decisive question. Rather, in this...
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Yampa Valley Elec. Ass'n, Inc. v. Telecky
...Electric Association (Yampa Valley). We granted certiorari to review the court of appeals decision in Telecky v. Yampa Valley Electric Association, 837 P.2d 253 (Colo.App.1992), which reversed a judgment entered on a jury verdict in favor of Yampa Valley, and ordered a new We granted certio......
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...to which defendant was not entitled." Id. at 83-84. For the same proposition, Turbomeca also relies on Telecky v. Yampa Valley Elec. Assn., 837 P.2d 253 (Colo.Ct.App.1992), cert. granted (Oct. 13, 1992), where the district court gave a jury instruction on a proper rebuttable presumption but......
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