Texair Flyers, Inc. v. District Court, First Judicial Dist., 25716

• Decision Date: 13 February 1973
• Docket Number: No. 25716,25716
• Citation: 506 P.2d 367,180 Colo. 432
• Parties: TEXAIR FLYERS, INC., a Texas corporation and Jean Van Trump, as Administratrix of the Texas Estate of Richard J. Van Trump, Deceased, Petitioners, v. DISTRICT COURT, FIRST JUDICIAL DISTRICT, State of Colorado, and George G.Priest, Judge thereof, Respondents.
• Court: Colorado Supreme Court

Page 367

506 P.2d 367

180 Colo. 432

TEXAIR FLYERS, INC., a Texas corporation and Jean Van Trump as Administratrix of the Texas Estate of Richard J. Van Trump, Deceased, Petitioners, v. DISTRICT COURT, FIRST JUDICIAL DISTRICT, State of Colorado and George G.Priest, Judge thereof, Respondents.

No. 25716.

Supreme Court of Colorado, En Banc.

Feb. 13, 1973.

Renner & Goss, Paul D. Renner, Denver, for petitioner Jean Van trump.

Tilly & Graves, James L. Tilly, Denver, for petitioner Texair Flyers, Inc.

L. B. Ullstrom, Denver, for respondents.

LEE, Justice.

This is an original proceeding by which petitioners seek to prohibit the district court of Jefferson County from exercising In personam jurisdiction over petitioners in Civil Action No. 37530, entitled Zada R. Frazier v. Donald G. Hanhardt et al., and in Civil Action No. 39201, entitled Zahava Sweet v. Donald G. Hanhardt et al. In these actions petitioners, who were residents of Texas, were named as defendants. The challenged In personam jurisdiction was obtained under prescribed procedures of 1965 Perm.Supp., C.R.S.1963, 37--1--26 and 27. We issued our rule to show cause and the matter is now at issue. We affirm the ruling of the trial court and discharge the rule.

The underlying controversy between the parties arose out of an airplane crash which occurred on June 26, 1970, near Montrose, Colorado. As a result of this accident, the pilot of the airplane, Richard J. Van Trump, and his two passengers, W. H. Frazier and Richard H. Sweet, were killed. Zada R. Frazier and Zahava Sweet, as surviving widows of the two deceased passengers, brought their respective negligence actions against petitioners, Texair Flyers, Inc., the owner of the aircraft involved, and Jean Van Trump in her representative capacity as administratrix of the Texas estate of Richard J. Van Trump, the deceased pilot of the aircraft.

The trial court denied petitioner's motions to quash the service of summons in each case and ordered petitioners to answer the complaints.

The provisions of the so-called 'long-arm statute' pertinent to this proceeding, Section 37--1--26(1)(a) and (c), and Section 37--1--27(1), provide:

'Jurisdiction of courts.--(1)(a) Engaging in any act enumerated in this section by any person, whether or not a resident of the state of Colorado, either in person or by an agent, submits such person, and, if a natural person his personal representative, to the jurisdiction of the courts of this state, concerning any cause of action arising from:

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(c) The commission of a tortious act within this state;

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'Service of process.--(1) Service of process upon any person subject to the jurisdiction of the courts of Colorado may be made by personally serving the summons upon the defendant outside this state, in the manner prescribed by the Colorado rules of civil procedure, with the same force and effect as if the summons had been personally served within this state.'

The complaints, which were essentially the same in each district court action, set forth claims for relief based on negligence, substantially as follows:

As to Jean Van Trump, as administratrix of the estate of Richard J. Van Trump, the deceased pilot, it is claimed that he was a resident of Texas and was piloting an aircraft of which he had the sole and exclusive control, and which he flew from Texas into Colorado where it crashed by reason of his negligent operation, resulting in his death and the death of his two passengers, W. H. Frazier and Richard H. Sweet; and that Jean Van Trump was the duly appointed administratrix of his estate in Texas.

As to Texair Flyers, Inc., it is claimed that this corporation was engaged in the business of giving flight instructions. renting and chartering aircraft, in Fort Worth, Texas, and was the owner of the aircraft which crashed; that Texair rented the subject aircraft to decedent Van Trump for the purpose of a trip to Colorado; that Texair was under a duty to maintain the aircraft in a safe condition, but, owing to lack of proper maintenance and repair, the aircraft crashed in Colorado; that the interstate operation of the aircraft was caused or authorized by Texair and it is therefore liable for the negligence of the pilot, Van Trump, under Section 101(26) of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958, as amended (49 U.S.C. § 1301(26)); and that Texair was negligent in the further particulars, including: (a) it failed to inspect and permitted the use of an unsafe and non-airworthy aircraft; (b) it failed to determine the proficiency of the pilot, Van Trump, to operate the aircraft under probable conditions; (c) it failed to give the pilot, Van Trump, an adequate check-out flight; and it negligently entrusted the aircraft to Van Trump.

Texair, in support of its motion to quash, filed affidavits disputing the material allegations of the complaints and denied that it or its agents ever transacted business or committed a tortious act within the state of Colorado.

Texair argues here that plaintiffs should have been required to make a showing to counter its affidavits disputing the jurisdictional facts. The transcript of proceedings in the trial court is not before us and we do not know what, if anything, was presented by plaintiffs in this respect. However, as we view the burden imposed upon one who seeks his remedy under the long-arm statute, he must allege in the complaint sufficient facts to support a reasonable inference that defendants engaged in conduct described in the statute which subjects them to In personam jurisdiction. This burden having been met, the process is not vulnerable to a motion to quash based upon lack of jurisdiction. It would not be a reasonable procedure to require a plaintiff to prove the merits of his action--the commission of a tort within the state--in order to initially establish In personam jurisdiction. A prima facie showing of threshold jurisdiction is sufficient, and this may be determined from the allegations of the complaint. Murphy v. Erwin-Wasey, Inc., 460 F.2d 661 (1st Cir. 1972). See also, Surpitski v. Hughes-Keenan Corp., 362 F.2d 254 (1st Cir. 1966); United States v. Montreal Trust Co., 358 F.2d 239 (2d Cir. 1966), cert. denied, 384 U.S. 919, 86 S.Ct. 1366, 16 L.Ed.2d 440; Alosio v Iranian Shipping Lines, S.A., 307 F.Supp. 1117 (D.C.1970); Bland v. Kentucky Fried Chicken, 338 F.Supp. 871 (D.C.1971); Wright and Miller, Federal Practice, Civil, § 1068, p. 250.

The question is whether the complaints set forth sufficient facts to bring the actions within the ambit of the long-arm statute, thereby subjecting the petitioners to In personam jurisdiction. We hold the complaints are sufficient in this respect.

The claims against Texair bring it squarely within the principle announced in Vandermee v. Dist. Ct., 164 Colo. 117, 433 P.2d 335, where it was held that negligent conduct initiated in a foreign state which proximately results in injury incurred in Colorado constitutes tortious conduct within the meaning of the long-arm statute. This Court adopted this statutory construction in Vandermee, supra, as consistent with the legislative purpose of providing a local forum for persons injured within the state by the tortious acts of nonresidents. In support of this interpretation, See also, Murphy v. Erwin-Wasey, Inc., 460 F.2d 661 (1st Cir. 1972); Gray v. American Radiator & Standard Sanitary Corporation, 22 Ill.2d 432, 176 N.E.2d 761; State v. Campbell, 250 Or. 262, 442 P.2d 215; Hanvy v. Crosman...