Threadgill v. Birmingham Bd. of Ed., 80-580

• Citation: 407 So.2d 129
• Decision Date: 25 November 1981
• Docket Number: No. 80-580,80-580
• Parties: Lynn Marie THREADGILL v. BIRMINGHAM BOARD OF EDUCATION, et al.
• Court: Supreme Court of Alabama

Page 129

407 So.2d 129

Lynn Marie THREADGILL v. BIRMINGHAM BOARD OF EDUCATION, et al.

No. 80-580.

Supreme Court of Alabama.

Nov. 25, 1981.

J. William Thomason of Thomason & Russell, Bessemer, for appellant.

Stephen A. Rowe of Lange, Simpson, Robinson & Somerville, Birmingham, for appellees.

ADAMS, Justice.

Lynn Marie Threadgill (plaintiff) appeals from a grant of summary judgment against her by the Circuit Court for Jefferson County dismissing her action for damages due to personal injury. Plaintiff was injured while a spectator during a football game at Ensley High School in Birmingham. She brought a negligence action against the Birmingham Board of Education and four fictitious defendants. Wilmer S. Cody, Superintendent of the Birmingham Board of Education, later was substituted for one of the fictitious defendants. The circuit court granted motions for summary judgment dismissing plaintiff's action against both Cody and the Birmingham Board of Education.

In this appeal, plaintiff asks us to re-examine our prior decisions holding that boards of education are not subject to tort actions due to sovereign immunity: Enterprise City Board of Education v. Miller, 348 So.2d 782 (Ala.1977); Sims v. Etowah County Board of Education, 337 So.2d 1310 (Ala.1976). We find it unnecessary to re-examine this court's pronouncements on the enjoyment of sovereign immunity by boards of education. Two issues, and the questions posed thereby, are dispositive of this appeal. The first is: Did plaintiff properly appeal from the decision of the circuit court dismissing its action against the Birmingham Board of Education? The second is: Was defendant Wilmer S. Cody properly substituted for a fictitious defendant under Rule 9(h), Alabama Rules of Civil Procedure, so that the substitution related back by operation of Rule 15(c), A.R.C.P., to the original filing of plaintiff's action and thereby came within the one-year statute of limitations provided by Code 1975, § 6-2-39? We answer both in the negative and we affirm the judgment of the circuit court.

The Birmingham Board of Education contends that the plaintiff failed to properly appeal from the grant of summary judgment adverse to her on her action against it. We agree. Plaintiff's action was filed originally on June 17, 1980. Defendant Birmingham Board of Education's motion for summary judgment in its favor was granted on December 17, 1980. Later, on March 12, 1981, the circuit court granted Cody's motion for summary judgment in his favor. Plaintiff filed a notice of appeal on April 23, 1981, which states in pertinent part:

Notice is hereby given that Lynn Marie Threadgill appeals to the Supreme Court of Alabama from the order of the trial court of March 12, 1981 in granting the motion for summary judgment, said motion being filed on or about the 2nd day of March 1981.

Filed with this Notice of Appeal are security for costs of appeal and docket fee in the amount of $50.00.

FILED: Apr 23, 1981 ....

Nowhere in plaintiff's notice of appeal does she indicate that she is appealing from the circuit court's order of December 17, 1980, dismissing the Birmingham Board of Education as a party to plaintiff's action. The only reference that arguably might be said to include the Birmingham Board of Education in the notice of appeal is the style of the notice which recites "Lynn Marie Threadgill, Appellant vs. Birmingham Board of Education, et al."

In Edmondson v. Blakey, 341 So.2d 481 (Ala.1976), this court considered a similar situation where the appellant failed to designate an appeal from a grant of summary judgment in favor of one of the defendants. The trial court in Edmondson v. Blakey granted summary judgment in favor of Aetna on September 5, 1975, and defendant Blakey received a judgment in his favor on September 30, 1975. After Edmondson's motion for a new trial was denied, he filed a notice of appeal on January 5, 1976. Edmondson's notice of appeal failed to mention Aetna and indicated only that an appeal was taken from the judgment rendered in favor of Blakey. Edmondson v. Blakey, at 482-3.

This court has observed:

Our ARAP 3(c), like its federal counterpart, provides for a simple notice of appeal specifying the party or parties taking the appeal. The rule says that the notice "... shall designate the judgment, order or part thereof appealed from ..." The federal courts have been very liberal in entertaining appeals even where the notice fails to comply literally with the requirements of Rule 3(c). The test for dismissal for failure to comply seems to be whether the intention to appeal from a specific judgment may be reasonably inferred from the text of the notice.

Edmondson v. Blakey, at 483 (citations omitted) (emphasis added).

Applying the above-quoted test, the question which next arises is whether plaintiff's notice of appeal reasonably evidenced an intent to appeal from the trial court's order dismissing the Birmingham Board of Education as a party to her action. We think that it did not. Plaintiff's notice of appeal designates only the circuit court's order of March 12, 1981, which involved only Cody, and not the Birmingham Board of Education. We are aware that one difference does exist between the present appeal and the factual situation considered in Edmondson v. Blakey. The style of plaintiff's notice of appeal names the Birmingham Board of Education. Appellant's style in his notice of appeal in Edmondson v. Blakey did not name defendant Aetna. Nevertheless, this distinction does not help plaintiff. Rule 3, Alabama Rules of Appellate Procedure, provides an uncomplicated means of effecting an appeal. It is not designed "to catch the unwary on technicalities." Edmondson v. Blakey, at 484; Jones v. Chaney & James Construction Company, 399 F.2d 84 (5th Cir.1968). "A simple statement indicating what judgments the appellant appeals from is all that is required." Edmondson v. Blakey, at 484. The thrust of plaintiff's notice of appeal is that she is appealing from the circuit court's order and judgment of March 12, 1981.

Where the appellant notices the appeal of a specified judgment only or a part thereof, however, this court has no jurisdiction to review other judgments or issues which are not expressly referred to and which are not impliedly intended for appeal.

C. A. May...