Toliver v. Olsen
| Decision Date | 25 March 1987 |
| Docket Number | No. 15729-9-I,15729-9-I |
| Citation | 47 Wn.App. 304,734 P.2d 937 |
| Parties | Gary Wayne TOLIVER, Appellant, v. H. Dean OLSEN, Director, King County Department of Adult Detention, and William Henry, Chairman, Washington State Board of Prison Terms and Paroles, and Washington State Board of Prison Terms and Paroles, Respondents. |
| Court | Washington Court of Appeals |
Terrence Kellogg, Seattle, for Gary Wayne Toliver.
Celeste Stokes, Deputy Pros. Atty., Seattle, Michael P. Lynch, Asst. Atty. Gen., Olympia, for State of Wash.
Gary Wayne Toliver appeals the denial of his petition for a writ of habeas corpus and the subsequent denial of his motion for reconsideration. Toliver contends his 1975 guilty pleas to robbery and first degree burglary charges were constitutionally invalid because he was not informed of the nature of the charges against him and of his right to remain silent and because the factual basis was insufficient to support the pleas.
In 1975 Toliver was charged by amended information with robbery, first degree burglary, and violation of the Uniform Firearms Act. On August 13, 1975, he pled guilty to the robbery and burglary charges in exchange for the deletion of firearm and deadly weapon allegations, dismissal of the firearms charge, and a recommendation of concurrent sentences. He was subsequently sentenced to maximum concurrent sentences of 20 years.
Toliver was released on parole in 1978. On June 28, 1984, while incarcerated for an alleged parole violation, Toliver filed a petition for writ of habeas corpus. See RCW 7.36. Among other things, Toliver alleged that his 1975 guilty pleas were invalid. Toliver's parole was subsequently reinstated.
Shortly before the hearing on his petition, which was set for August 31, 1984, Toliver was arrested on new felony charges. Toliver's presence at the August 31, 1984, habeas corpus hearing was waived by his counsel, and both sides presented argument. In addition, the trial court considered the inquiry transcript of the 1975 guilty pleas, the amended information, and the Statement of Defendant on Plea of Guilty. By order entered September 26, 1984, the trial court denied Toliver's petition, finding that Toliver's 1975 pleas had been free and voluntary, that he had been aware of his right to remain silent, that he had been apprised of the nature of the charges against him, and that a sufficient factual basis supported the pleas. Toliver's motion for reconsideration was denied on November 5, 1984.
Although we uphold the trial court's decision on the merits, we also affirm on an alternative ground. See State v. Armstead, 40 Wash.App. 448, 698 P.2d 1102 (1985). Toliver's habeas corpus petition attacking the constitutional validity of his prior guilty pleas constituted a collateral attack on the 1975 convictions. Such postconviction relief now falls within the scope of a personal restraint petition (PRP). See RAP 16.3-16.15. Because Toliver did not pursue this avenue of relief before filing his petition for writ of habeas corpus, the petition should have been dismissed for failure to exhaust other available remedies.
Generally, postconviction relief by means of habeas corpus is not available when a convicted offender has another adequate remedy at law. Holt v. Morris, 84 Wash.2d 841, 846, 529 P.2d 1081 (1974), overruled in part on other grounds, Wright v. Morris, 85 Wash.2d 899, 540 P.2d 893 (1975); cf. State v. Kolocotronis, 34 Wash.App. 613, 663 P.2d 1360, review denied, 100 Wash.2d 1014 (1983); see generally, 39 Am.Jur.2d Habeas Corpus § 18 (1968 & Supp.1986), and cases cited therein. While there are exceptions to the rule, they do not apply to the instant case. Cf. 28 U.S.C.A. § 2254(b) (1977) (); 28 U.S.C.A. § 2255 ().
The PRP supersedes the appellate procedure formerly available for a petition for writ of habeas corpus and for an application for postconviction relief. RAP 16.3(b); see also former ROA I-56; COROA 56; CrR 7.7. The new procedure is similar in many respects to that provided under former CrR 7.7. See RAP 16.3 comment. The appellate procedure for postconviction relief has not altered jurisdiction of the superior court in habeas corpus proceedings. In re Brown, 35 Wash.App. 852, 854, 670 P.2d 673 (1983); RAP 16.3(b).
The evolution of postconviction relief in this state was summarized in In re Hagler, 97 Wash.2d 818, 823, 650 P.2d 1103 (1982):
Personal restraint procedure has its origins in the State's habeas corpus remedy, guaranteed by article 4, section 4 of the state constitution. Prior to 1947, decisional law limited postconviction relief by petition for writ of habeas corpus to cases where the judgment and sentence could be said to be void on their face. But in 1947 the Legislature amended RCW 7.36.130(1) in an attempt to expand postconviction relief. This resulted in the development on a case-by-case basis of a somewhat haphazard habeas corpus procedure. In an effort to achieve a unified, systematic and expeditious procedure for postconviction relief, this court promulgated CrR 7.7, effective July 1973. Three years later, the rule was reformulated in RAP 16.3-16.15 to provide for postconviction relief by personal restraint petition.
(Citation omitted.). As this recital indicates, the PRP and its predecessor, CrR 7.7, were intended, among other things, to replace and broaden the scope of postconviction relief previously available under habeas corpus law: 1
We are convinced that with the adoption of CrR 7.7 the preexisting, somewhat haphazard habeas corpus procedure which had developed essentially on a case-to-case basis has now been replaced by a sound, more expeditious, single, comprehensive system for post-conviction review designed to avoid technicalities and delay and to focus attention promptly and directly on the merits or lack of merits presented in petitions for post-conviction relief.
Holt, at 844-45, 529 P.2d 1081; compare RAP 16.4 ("Personal Restraint ...
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Toliver v. Olsen
...PEARSON, C.J., UTTER, BRACHTENBACH, DOLLIVER, DORE, CALLOW and DURHAM, JJ., and CUNNINGHAM, J. Pro Tem., concur. 1 Toliver v. Olsen, 47 Wash.App. 304, 734 P.2d 937 (1987).2 This section of the Court of Appeals opinion was filed for public record in this cause but was not published.3 RAP 16.......
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State v. Mott
...guilty pleas should be processed under the procedures in CrR 7.7. Holt, 84 Wash.2d at 849, 529 P.2d 1081. Recently, in Toliver v. Olsen, 47 Wash.App. 304, 734 P.2d 937, review granted, 108 Wash.2d 1016 (1987), we extended the reasoning of Holt one step further. We held in Toliver that, prio......