Tomblin v. State

• Decision Date: 18 April 1973
• Docket Number: No. 2,No. 48073,48073,2
• Citation: 198 S.E.2d 366,128 Ga.App. 823
• Parties: Becky A. TOMBLIN et al. v. The STATE
• Court: Georgia Court of Appeals

Page 366

198 S.E.2d 366

128 Ga.App. 823

Becky A. TOMBLIN et al. v. The STATE.

No. 48073.

Court of Appeals of Georgia, Division No. 2.

April 18, 1973.

Nixon & Nixon, Jon A. Nixon, Nunn, Geiger, Rampey, Buice & Harrington, D. L. Rampey, Jr., Warner Robins, for appellants.

Walker P. Johnson, Jr., Dist. Atty., W. Donald Thompson, Thomas H. Hinson, Macon, for appellee.

Syllabus Opinion by the Court

HALL, Presiding Judge.

Defendants jointly appeal from the denial of their motions to suppress certain evidence alleged to have been seized under an invalid warrant. The defendants were indicted in three counts for illegal possession of hashish, LSD and librium.

The search warrant was issued and executed on October 27, 1971. The detective's affidavit contains all the pertinent information duplicated elsewhere in the warrant; and as its sufficiency is the chief issue on this appeal we shall quote the whole of it. 'A reliable informer which has been used numerous times in the past and has proven to be a very reliable person stated to Robert J. Allen at 8:00 p.m. on the 10-27-71 that Heroin, Marijuana, and Mescaline was being stored, kept, sold, and used in the Colonial Terr. Apts. this particular apt. being 8-B where the Heroin, Marijuana, and Mescaline are being kept, stored, sold and used. The informer was last in this apt. in the early morning hours of the 10-26-71 and saw Heroin, Marijuana, and Mescaline being stored, kept, sold, and used. I (Robert J. Allen) personally know this informer and have known him for a number of years and his reliability is very reliable. The occupants of this 8-B apt. located at Colonial Terr. are believed to be two white females which are believed to be 18 years of age. Heroin, Marijuana, and Mescaline are considered to be Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs controlled under the Georgia Drug Abuse Act 79-A, and Uniform Narcotics Act which are instrumentalities of the crime in Macon, Ga.'

1. The defendants contend the reliability of the informer is insufficiently shown-that there are no facts showing how, for what purpose, or with what result, this informer was used in the past which would prove his reliability. We believe that while this portion of the affidavit could have been set out much better, it is capable of logical interpretation which would satisfy the requirements. For example, it makes common sense that the 'reliable informer' was 'used numerous times in the past' as an informer; not, as defendants contend, in some other purely personal capacity. It is also clearly inferable that information he had furnished in the past had been valuable, or he would not have been used numerous times. Reliability may be shown by a past history in similar matters. Marshall v. State, 113 Ga.App. 143, 147 S.E.2d 666; Steele v. State, 118 Ga.App. 433, 164 S.E.2d 255. Therefore, while a recital that his information had led to certain arrests, convictions, etc. would be desirable, we do not believe it is essential to show reliability. For what appears to be a liberalizing of the requirements for showing reliability, see United States v. Harris, 403 U.S. 573, 577, 91 S.Ct. 2075, 29 L.Ed.2d 723.

2. Defendants contend the affidavit is insufficient because it does not describe the criminal activity in sufficient detail so as to exclude mere rumor or suspicion. This is not a necessary requirement when the affidavit specifically states how the informer obtained the information. Detailed description is only necessary when the informer's means of knowledge is not stated. See Spinelli v. United States, 393 U.S. 410, 89 S.Ct. 584, 21 L.Ed.2d 637; Sams v. State, 121 Ga.App. 46, 172 S.E.2d 473. Here, it is stated that the informer was personally in the apartment and saw the drugs being sold and used. That is as succinct a statement of how an informer obtained information as we have seen.

3. Defendants contend the information was stale at the time the warrant issued (36 hours after the informer was in the apartment) and was therefore insufficient to provide probable cause. The cases cited by the defendants concern either a warrant in which no specific time was stated,...