Tvt Records v. Island Def Jam Music Group, 02 CIV. 6644(VM).

Decision Date02 September 2003
Docket NumberNo. 02 CIV. 6644(VM).,02 CIV. 6644(VM).
Citation279 F.Supp.2d 413
PartiesTVT RECORDS and TVT Music, Inc., Plaintiffs, v. The ISLAND DEF JAM MUSIC GROUP and Lyor Cohen, Defendants. The Island Def Jam Music Group, a Division of UMG Recordings, Inc., Counterclaimant, v. TVT Records, Inc. and Steve Gottlieb, Counterclaim-Defendants.
CourtU.S. District Court — Southern District of New York

James E. d'Auguste, James Philip Chou, Akin, Gump, Strauss, Hauer & Feld, L.L.P., New York, NY, Peter L. Haviland, Rhonda R. Trotter, Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld, LLP, Los Angeles, CA, Tuneen E. Chisolm, Akin, Gump, Strauss Hauer & Feld, L.L.P., New York, NY, for TVT Records, TVT Music, Inc.

Michael T. Mervis, Proskauer Rose LLP, Mary Mulligan, Esq., Universal Music Group, New York, NY, for the Island DEF Jam Music Group.

Robert J. Eddington, Proskauer Rose LLP, Michael T. Mervis, Alexander Kaplan, Proskauer Rose LLP, Mary Mulligan, Esq., Universal Music Group, Matthew S. Dontzin, James M La Rossa, New York, NY, for Lyor Cohen.

DECISION AND ORDER

MARRERO, District Judge.

                TABLE OF CONTENTS
                                                                                           Page
                                                                                           ----
                  I. BACKGROUND ............................................................416
                 II. THE VERDICT ...........................................................416
                III. DEFENDANTS' CHALLENGE .................................................417
                     A. THE LARGER DEBATE ..................................................417
                        1. History .........................................................418
                        2. Functions and Distinctions of Remedial Damages ..................422
                        3. Enduring Concerns Over Punitive Damages .........................426
                           a. Lower Protective Standards ...................................426
                           b. Minimal Jury Guidance ........................................427
                           c. Improper Considerations ......................................428
                           d. Windfalls ....................................................428
                           e. Encouraging or Prolonging Unnecessary Litigation .............429
                           f. Overdeterrence ...............................................429
                           g. Defendant's Wealth ...........................................430
                           h. Indemnification ..............................................430
                           i. Limitations of Judicial Review ...............................430
                           j. Punitive Damages "Crisis" ....................................431
                     B. PUNITIVE DAMAGES JURISPRUDENCE .....................................432
                        1. Reprehensibility ................................................437
                           a. Misconduct ...................................................437
                           b. Injuries .....................................................438
                           c. Nature of the Parties and Their Relationship .................438
                        2. Proportionality .................................................440
                        3. Aggravating or Mitigating Circumstances .........................440
                           a. Similar or Related Misconduct ................................440
                           b. Penalties in Comparable Cases ................................440
                     C. APPLICATION OF PUNITIVE DAMAGES DOCTRINE TO THE
                         INSTANT CASE ..................................................441
                        1. The Jury Instructions ...........................................441
                        2. Application of Functions and Variables ..........................442
                           a. Reprehensibility .............................................442
                              (i) Misconduct ...............................................442
                             (ii) Injuries .................................................443
                            (iii) Relationships ............................................444
                           b. Proportionality ..............................................449
                           c. Aggravating or Mitigating Circumstances ......................452
                              (i) Other Related Conduct ....................................452
                             (ii) Litigation Costs .........................................453
                            (iii) Penalties in Comparable Cases ............................454
                           d. Conclusion ...................................................455
                
                IV. REMITTITUR ............................................................456
                     A. COHEN'S NET WORTH AND ABILITY TO PAY ...............................456
                     B. REMITTITUR AS TO COHEN .............................................461
                     C. REMITTITUR AS TO IDJ ...............................................461
                 V. ORDER .................................................................461
                
I. BACKGROUND

In a bifurcated trial of this action, the jury returned a verdict in favor of plaintiffs TVT Records and TVT Music, Inc. (collectively "TVT") finding liability against defendant The Island Def Jam Music Group ("IDJ") for breach of contract and against IDJ and its Chairman, Lyor Cohen ("Cohen," and collectively with IDJ, the "Defendants") for tortious interference with contractual relations, fraud by fraudulent concealment, and willful copyright infringement. The same jury, at the damages phase, assessed compensatory and punitive damages against Defendants in the aggregate amount of approximately $132 million.

Defendants filed post-trial motions for judgment as a matter of law pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 50(b), and for a new trial and/or remittitur pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 59. By Decision and Order titled TVT Records v. The Island DEF Jam Music Group, ___ F.Supp.2d ___, 2003 WL 22056304, No. 02 Civ. 6644(VM), slip op. (S.D.N.Y. September 2, 2003) (the "Post-Trial Motions Decision"), issued simultaneously with and accompanying the instant ruling, the Court denied the motions for judgment as a matter of law and for a new trial.1 Defendants' motions for remittitur are addressed separately in this decision. For the reasons discussed below, Defendants' motions for remittitur are GRANTED.

II. THE VERDICT

The facts and events that gave rise to this litigation and upon which the jury's determination of liability and damages is predicated are summarized in the accompanying Post-Trial Motions Decision, supra, addressing the parties' other post-trial requests for relief, as well as in numerous prior rulings of this Court resolving other aspects of the case.2 Portions of this background are recited below as necessary for the purposes of the motions at hand.

The compensatory and punitive damages awards the jury returned in respect of TVT's various claims are summarized in the following chart:

                -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |            CLAIMS              |          COMPENSATORY           |              PUNITIVE            |
                |                                |---------------------------------|----------------------------------|
                |                                |      IDJ       |       Cohen    |         IDJ      |     Cohen     |
                |--------------------------------|----------------|----------------|------------------|---------------|
                | 1. Breach of Contract:         | $     126,720  |  $    N/A      |   $   1,000,000  |  $     N/A    |
                |                                |                |                |                  |               |
                |    General Damages:    $50,994 |                |                |                  |               |
                |                                |                |                |                  |               |
                |    Special Damages:            |                |                |                  |               |
                |                                |                |                |                  |               |
                |      Lost Profits:      30,290 |                |                |                  |               |
                |                                |                |                |                  |               |
                |      Goodwill:          45,436 |                |                |                  |               |
                |                                |                |                |                  |               |
                | 2. Tortious Interference with  |                |                |                  |               |
                |    Contractual Relations:      |     22,358,713 |     22,358,713 |       50,000,000 |    50,000,000 |
                |--------------------------------|----------------|----------------|------------------|---------------|
                |    General Damages:         $0 |                |                |                  |               |
                |                                |                |                |                  |               |
                |    Special Damages:            |                |                |                  |               |
                |                                |                |                |                  |               |
                |      Lost Profits:  10,358,713 |                |                |                  |               |
                |                                |                |                |                  |               |
                |      Goodwill:      12,000,000 |                |                |                  |               |
                |                                |                |                |                  |               |
                | 3. Fraudulent Concealment:     |      1,011,313 |      1,011,313 |        1,000,000 |     6,000,000 |
                |                                |                |                |                  |               |
                | 4. Copyright Infringement:3    |                |                |                  |               |
                |                                |                |                |                  |               |
                |    "The Rain"                  |        409,375 |        409,375 |           N/A    |          N/A  |
                |                                |
...

To continue reading

Request your trial
11 cases
  • Tse v. Ubs Financial Services, Inc.
    • United States
    • U.S. District Court — Southern District of New York
    • 19 de fevereiro de 2008
    ...although "punitive damages may duplicate aspects of compensatory recovery included in the same verdict," TVT Records v. Island Def Jam Music Group, 279 F.Supp.2d 413, 429 (S.D.N.Y.2003), plaintiffs testimony about her "distrust" of people is most relevant, not to punitive damages, but to he......
  • Parrish v. Sollecito
    • United States
    • U.S. District Court — Southern District of New York
    • 3 de setembro de 2003
    ...of punitive damage awards in light of the most recent Supreme Court jurisprudence. See TVT Records v. The Island Def Jam Music Group, 279 F.Supp.2d 413, 2003 WL 22056308 (2003). Because the analysis there bears significantly on the issues and considerations now before the Court and compel t......
  • Tvt Records v. Island Def Jam Music Group
    • United States
    • U.S. Court of Appeals — Second Circuit
    • 14 de junho de 2005
    ...remand to the District Court with instructions to enter judgment in conformity with this opinion. 1. See TVT Records v. Island Def Jam Music Group, 279 F.Supp.2d 413, 461 (S.D.N.Y.2003) (granting IDJ's motion for remittitur). TVT elected to remit its award of punitive damages to these amoun......
  • Tvt Records v. Island Def Jam Music Group
    • United States
    • U.S. District Court — Southern District of New York
    • 2 de setembro de 2003
    ...Defendants' motions for remittitur are addressed in a separate Decision and Order, issued as TVT Records v. The Island Def Jam Music Group, 279 F.Supp.2d 413, 2003 WL 22056308, No. 02 Civ 6644, slip op. (S.D.N.Y.2003), and accompanying this II. FACTS3 This case arises from a licensing dispu......
  • Request a trial to view additional results
2 books & journal articles
  • State farm and punitive damages: call the jury back.
    • United States
    • The Journal of High Technology Law Vol. 5 No. 1, January 2005
    • 1 de janeiro de 2005
    ...U.L. REV. 1269, 1285-86 (1993); and see District Judge Marrero's thoughtful discussion in TVT Records v. Island Def Jam Music Group, 279 F. Supp. 2d 413, 418-20 (S.D.N.Y. 2003). For the present discussion, however, the defining feature of punitive damages is the role of citizen juries to ex......
  • Cross-jurisdictional Analysis of Damage Awards in Copyright Infringement Cases
    • United States
    • University of Georgia School of Law Journal of Intellectual Property Law (FC Access) No. 28-1, 2021
    • Invalid date
    ...copyrighted works). 60. Wrench LLC v. Taco Bell Corp., 256 F.3d 446, 459 (6th Cir. 2001).61. TVT Records v. Island Def Jam Music Grp., 279 F. Supp. 2d 413, 422 (S.D.N.Y. 2003) ("[I]nsofar as recompense for injury may be achieved practically and fairly through monetary satisfaction.").62. Di......

VLEX uses login cookies to provide you with a better browsing experience. If you click on 'Accept' or continue browsing this site we consider that you accept our cookie policy. ACCEPT