Vandenberg v. Vandenberg

• Decision Date: 04 February 2003
• Docket Number: Docket No. 229998.
• Citation: 253 Mich. App. 658,660 N.W.2d 341
• Parties: Beverly VANDENBERG, as Personal Representative of the Estate of George T. Vandenberg, Deceased, Plaintiff Appellant, v. Peter M. VANDENBERG, M.D., and Holland Surgical Associates, P.C., Defendants-Appellees.
• Court: Court of Appeal of Michigan — District of US

660 N.W.2d 341

253 Mich. App. 658

Beverly VANDENBERG, as Personal Representative of the Estate of George T. Vandenberg, Deceased, Plaintiff Appellant, v. Peter M. VANDENBERG, M.D., and Holland Surgical Associates, P.C., Defendants-Appellees.

Docket No. 229998.

Court of Appeals of Michigan.

Submitted August 6, 2002, at Grand Rapids.

Decided November 1, 2002, at 9:20 a.m.

Released for Publication February 4, 2003.

Dietrich & Associates, P.L.C. (by Robert A. Kuhr and Stephen N. Leuchtman), Grosse Pointe, for the plaintiff.

Hackney, Grover, Hoover & Bean, P.L.C. (by Richard K. Grover, Jr., and

John P. Lewis), Grandville, for the defendants.

Before: WHITBECK, C.J., and BANDSTRA and TALBOT, JJ.

PER CURIAM.

This case is before this Court following our reversal and remand in VandenBerg v. VandenBerg, 231 Mich.App. 497, 503, 586 N.W.2d 570 (1998) (VandenBerg I). Plaintiff appeals as of right from the trial court's order granting summary disposition in favor of defendants under MCR 2.116(C)(7) on the ground that plaintiff's medical malpractice claim was barred by the statute of limitations. We affirm.

Plaintiff argues that the trial court improperly dismissed her malpractice claim because (1) the doctrines of res judicata and law of the case prevented the trial court from considering a statute of limitations defense and (2) defendants effectively abandoned a statute of limitations defense by not raising the issue in a cross-appeal in VandenBerg I. We disagree. Summary disposition of all or part of a claim or defense may be granted when a claim is barred because it was filed beyond the period set forth in the applicable statute of limitations. MCR 2.116(C)(7). An order granting summary disposition under MCR 2.116(C)(7) on the basis that the statute of limitations has expired is reviewed de novo on appeal, giving consideration to affidavits, depositions, admissions, and other documentary evidence filed by the parties, to determine whether they indicate that the claim is barred. See Smith v. YMCA, 216 Mich.App. 552, 554, 550 N.W.2d 262 (1996).

A statute of limitations defense must be raised in a party's first responsive pleading or by motion filed not later than this responsive pleading. MCR 2.111(F)(2) and (3); see also Phinney v. Perlmutter, 222 Mich.App. 513, 544, 564 N.W.2d 532 (1997). Here, in response to plaintiff's complaint, defendants filed answers in which they asserted "[t]hat the claims set forth in [plaintiff's] complaint did not accrue within the applicable limitations period (under MCLA 600.5805 and 600.5838) before commencement of said action and [are] therefore barred by the Statute of Limitations."

Generally, a plaintiff in a medical malpractice case must bring a claim within two years of the act or omission that forms the basis of the claim, or within six months after the plaintiff discovers or reasonably should have discovered that the plaintiff has a claim, whichever is later. M.C.L. §§ 600.5805(5), 600.5838a(2). However, in a case in which there is a death, as here, the decedent's personal representative has two years from the date the letter of authority is issued to commence the suit. M.C.L. § 600.5852. The action must, however, be commenced by the personal representative within three years after the period of limitations has run. Id.

In this case, the claim against defendants accrued on October 11, 1990, the last day of treatment and the day decedent died. Thus, pursuant to M.C.L. § 600.5805(5), the statute of limitations was set to expire two years later, on October 11, 1992. Plaintiff, however, was not appointed personal representative of decedent's estate until September 28, 1995. Accordingly, the period of limitation was extended to October 11, 1995, three years after the original period had expired. M.C.L. § 600.5852. However, although plaintiff's complaint was filed within this period, on September 29, 1995, the affidavit of merit was not filed until mid-December 1995. Under Scarsella v. Pollak, 232 Mich.App. 61, 591 N.W.2d 257 (1998), aff'd 461 Mich. 547, 607 N.W.2d 711 (2000), this was insufficient to timely commence the suit.

In Scarsella, this Court recognized that, "[g]enerally, a civil action is commenced and the period of limitation is tolled when a complaint is filed," but that "medical malpractice plaintiffs must file more than a complaint; `they shall file with the complaint an affidavit of merit....'" Id. at 63-64, 591 N.W.2d 257, quoting M.C.L. § 600.2912d(1). The Scarsella panel reasoned that the Legislature's use of the word "shall" indicates that the accompaniment of an affidavit is mandatory, and that, therefore, "the mere tendering of a complaint without the required affidavit of merit is insufficient to commence the lawsuit." Id. at 64, 591 N.W.2d 257. Noting that, by providing for a twenty-eight day extension for the filing of an affidavit, the Legislature provided a remedy for "those instances where an affidavit cannot accompany the complaint," see M.C.L. § 600.2912d(2), the panel determined that unless a plaintiff has moved for the statutorily provided extension, a plaintiff was not permitted to file a complaint without the affidavit, then attempt to "amend" the complaint by later supplementing the filing with an affidavit of merit. Id. at 65, 591 N.W.2d 257. Here, plaintiff filed the affidavit of merit beyond the period set by the applicable statute of limitations, but failed to move for an extension. Accordingly, plaintiff's suit was not timely commenced and the trial court properly granted summary disposition in favor of defen...