Wertheimer-Swarts Shoe Co. v. McDonald

Decision Date02 November 1909
PartiesWERTHEIMER-SWARTS SHOE COMPANY, Respondent, v. E. W. McDONALD, Appellant
CourtMissouri Court of Appeals

Appeal from the Greene Circuit Court.--Hon. James T. Neville, Judge.

Reversed and remanded.

J. T White and R. H. Davis for appellant.

(1) In the sale of a chattel, any representation or positive affirmation of quality and condition of the thing sold, and made with the intention of being relied on, is an express warranty, for breach of which an action will lie. Childs v. Emerson, 117 Mo.App. l c. 675; Haines v Neece, 116 Mo.App. l. c. 510; Young v Vannatta, 113 Mo.App. l. c. 558; Danforth v. Crookshanks, 68 Mo.App. l. c. 316; Carter v. Black, 46 Mo. l. c. 385. (2) A statement by the seller of chattels that his goods were equal in quality to other well known articles similar in kind, was an express warranty. Strauss v. American Chewing Gum Co., 134 Mo. l. c. 114; 30 Amer. and Eng. Ency. of Law (2 Ed.), page 138 and note 2; Murphy v. Gay, 37 Mo. 535. (3) The purchaser of a chattel with a warranty, express or implied, when sued for the purchase price, may offer to return the chattel or he may retain the chattel and plead a partial or a total want of consideration, if there has been a breach of the warranty. Birdsall Co. v. Keys, 99 Mo.App. l. c. 463; Steel & Wire Co. v. Symons, 110 Mo.App. l. c. 47; Evans v. Dugan, 81 Mo.App. 60; Fairbanks, Morse & Co. v. Basket, 98 Mo.App. l. c. 63; June & Co. v. Falkinburg, 89 Mo.App. l. c. 571; Atkins Bros. Co. v. Grain Co., 119 Mo.App. l. c. 125; Aultman & Co. v. Hunter, 82 Mo.App. 632. (4) The purchaser may diminish the contract price by the difference between the price and the actual market value of the imperfect article. Miles v. Withers, 76 Mo.App. l. c. 91; Becker v. Crescent Belting & Packing Co., 101 Mo.App. 429; 30 Am. and Eng. Ency. Law, p. 184; Warner v. O'Brien, 40 Mo.App. 483; Evans v. Dugan Cut Stone Co., 81 Mo.App. 60; Branson v. Turner, 77 Mo. l. c. 494; Graff v. Foster, 67 Mo. l. c. 521. (5) The agreement set up in the first count of the answer is a good defense to the plaintiff's action. Wahlert v. Wiseberg, 70 Mo.App. 368; Freidman & Sons v. Kelly, 126 Mo.App. 279; Campbell v. Tinker, 118 S.W. 660.

O. R. Puckett for respondent.

A party cannot traverse and at the same time confess and avoid the same allegations. State ex inf. v. Delmar Jockey Club, 200 Mo. l. c. 65; Price v. Mining Co., 83 Mo.App. l. c. 474; Bank of Monett v. Stone & Prickett, 93 Mo.App. l. c. 294. (2) An affirmation as to the value of a thing is deemed a mere opinion. It states no express warranty. It is not sufficiently explicit. 30 Amer. and Eng. Ency. Law, p. 129; Carter v. Black, 46 Mo. 384; Bishop on Contracts, sec. 666. (3) Antecedent representations made by the vendor as an inducement to the buyer, but not forming a part of the contract, are not warranties. Benjamin on Sales (1888), sec. 610, p. 563; Benjamin on Sales, American Note, secs. 610, 673, p. 606.

OPINION

NIXON, P. J.

The petition in this case (omitting caption and signatures) is as follows:

"Plaintiff states that it is and at all times hereinafter mentioned was a corporation duly organized and existing under and by virtue of the laws of the State of Missouri.

"That defendant is justly and truly indebted to the plaintiff in the sum of two hundred and sixty-four dollars ($ 264.00), being the reasonable and agreed price of goods, wares and merchandise sold and delivered by said plaintiff to the defendant during the month of May, 1907, at his special instance and request, full particulars of which will appear in the account herewith filed and marked 'Exhibit A.'

"That the annexed itemized account is just, true and correct and the same is due and remains payable; that all just and lawful offsets, payments and credits have been thereon allowed and that there is now unpaid and owing on said account, after allowing all just credits, deductions and offsets, the said sum of two hundred and sixty-four dollars, which accrued and became payable October 1, 1907.

"Wherefore plaintiff prays judgment against defendant for the sum of $ 264.00 with interest thereon at the legal rate of six per cent., from the first day of October, 1907, for costs herein to be taxed and all proper relief."

"Exhibit A," attached to the foregoing petition, is an itemized account of the goods alleged to have been purchased by the defendant.

To the petition, the defendant filed the following amended answer:

1.

"Comes now the defendant and for amended answer to plaintiff's petition denies each and every allegation in said petition contained, and further answering this defendant says that on or about the day of , 1907, defendant gave a verbal order to J. W. Sheppard, traveling salesman for plaintiff, for a bill of shoes amounting in price to $ 360.00, which shoes were to be shipped to defendant by plaintiff and the bill therefor was, by the terms of the agreement of purchase, to be dated July 1, 1907, and due in ninety days thereafter; that Sheppard representing the plaintiff, in order to induce the defendant to make such order and purchase such shoes, on behalf of the plaintiff, represented, warranted and stated to the defendant that the shoes handled by him for plaintiff and sold by plaintiff, and the shoes to be shipped to defendant on such order were of first-class quality, made of good leather for the style and price, were well put together, would wear well, that a guaranty of good quality went with every shoe to be delivered on the order, that the shoes were as good as or better than the shoes of the same and similar style and price sold by the Hamilton-Brown Shoe Company, whose shoes were well and favorably known in the community where defendant had his store, and as good as or better than other shoes of the same style and price sold in that community; and said Sheppard on behalf of the plaintiff, at said time, further agreed as part of the contract of sale that plaintiff would warrant all of the shoes shipped on said order to be as above represented and in order to introduce the line of shoes mentioned in the order into that community, the plaintiff would at the next trip of the said Sheppard, which was to be about six months from the date above mentioned, take up all the shoes ordered and received by the defendant from the plaintiff and remaining unsold, provided the said shoes were not as above warranted, or were not of the quality as above represented by said Sheppard, or were not such as to give satisfaction to defendant and defendant's customers.

"Defendant further says that he relied upon said statements, warranties and agreements and was induced thereby to give the order as above stated, and paid plaintiff one hundred dollars on account thereof, but that the plaintiff did not ship to the defendant shoes of the kind or quality ordered, but did ship a bill of shoes similar in number, size and price, which shoes so shipped and delivered to the defendant were of inferior quality, made of poor and rotten leather, or imitation leather, were not well put together, but would tear and rip and go to pieces with ordinary wear of a few hours, and at most a few days, were not as good as the shoes of similar price and style sold in that community by Hamilton-Brown Shoe Company, but were in fact worthless and unmerchantable.

"Defendant further says that neither said traveling salesman nor anyone else representing plaintiff came to defendant's place of business in about six months, or at any other time; that defendant on discovering the kind and quality of the shoes shipped to him as aforesaid, notified the plaintiff and offered to return to plaintiff all the shoes shipped to him as aforesaid and remaining unsold, and plaintiff refused to accept the same; that defendant now has on hand ready to deliver to the plaintiff a quantity of shoes shipped to him as aforesaid, amounting in price, by the invoice thereof, to two hundred and sixty-eight dollars, and is ready and willing at all times to deliver same to the plaintiff.

2.

"Defendant for further answer and defense herein says that on or about the day , 1907, defendant gave a verbal order to J. W Sheppard, traveling salesman for plaintiff, for a bill of shoes amounting in price to $ 360.00, which shoes were to be shipped to defendant by plaintiff and the bill therefor was, by the terms of the agreement to purchase, to be dated July 1, 1907, and due in ninety days thereafter; that said Sheppard, who was agent and traveling salesman for plaintiff, in order to induce the defendant to make such order and purchase such shoes, on behalf of plaintiff, represented, warranted and stated to the defendant that the shoes handled by him for plaintiff, and sold by plaintiff, and the shoes to be shipped to defendant on such order, were of first-class quality, made of good leather for the style and price, were well put together, would wear well, that a warranty of quality went with every shoe to be delivered on the order, that said shoes were as good as or better than the shoes of the same and similar style and price sold by the Hamilton-Brown Shoe Company, whose shoes were well and favorably known in the community where the defendant had his store, and as good as or better than other shoes of the same style and price sold in that community.

"Defendant further says that he relied upon said statements, warranties and agreements, and was induced thereby to give the order as above stated, but that plaintiff did not ship to the defendant shoes of the kind or quality ordered, but did ship to the defendant a bill of shoes similar in number, size and price; which shoes so shipped and delivered to the defendant by the plaintiff were of inferior quality, made of...

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