Wright v. Commercial Union Ins. Co.

• Decision Date: 02 August 1983
• Docket Number: No. 8226SC569,8226SC569
• Parties: Edward D. WRIGHT and Unigard Mutual Insurance Company v. COMMERCIAL UNION INSURANCE COMPANY, et al.
• Court: North Carolina Court of Appeals

Page 190

305 S.E.2d 190

63 N.C.App. 465

Edward D. WRIGHT and Unigard Mutual Insurance Company v. COMMERCIAL UNION INSURANCE COMPANY, et al.

No. 8226SC569.

Court of Appeals of North Carolina.

Aug. 2, 1983.

Harrell & Leake by Larry Leake, Ashville, for plaintiffs-appellants.

Smith, Moore, Smith, Schell and Hunter by Robert A. Wicker, Greensboro, for defendant-appellee.

WEBB, Judge.

Plaintiffs brought this action against defendant Commercial Union Insurance Company (Commercial) seeking damages resulting from Commercial's alleged champerty and maintenance. From summary judgment in favor of Commercial, plaintiffs appealed raising the questions of whether the trial court properly denied plaintiffs' motion to amend their complaint and whether the trial court properly granted summary judgment for Commercial. For the reasons set forth below, we affirm.

I

The undisputed factual situation is as follows:

In August 1971, Grady Paul Ridge and Nina Ridge were injured in an automobile accident which occurred when an International tractor owned by Wilson Transfer Company (Wilson Transfer) and driven by Fritz James Todd pulled out of its lane of traffic, crossed the median, and ran head-on into the Ridges' automobile. Todd's action in driving the truck across the median was apparently an effort to evade traffic which had backed up in his lane due to plaintiff Edward Wright's driving Roger Revels' automobile partially into the passing lane of the highway. At the time of the accident, American Employers Insurance Company, a member of Commercial, insured Wilson Transfer, and plaintiff Unigard Mutual Insurance Company (Unigard) insured Wright.

Nina Ridge sustained serious injuries in the collision, and Grady Paul Ridge received less serious injuries and some property damage. The Ridges retained the Lexington law firm of Wilson and Biesecker to represent their interests in the matter, and J. Lee Wilson of the firm notified Wright requesting that he inform his insurance carrier and that he get a representative from the carrier to contact him. The Ridges, through attorney Wilson, also made claims against Commercial.

Commercial was willing to negotiate a settlement and sought Unigard's participation in settlement as joint tort-feasors. Unigard's response, by letter of Claim Supervisor Frank Court, was that its investigation showed that the proximate cause of the accident was the action of Todd in operating the truck insured by Commercial. Voluntary payment by Unigard did not appear in order but Frank Court did open up the possibility of paying "some nominal amount in order to defray the cost of litigation."

Commercial settled with Nina Ridge for $64,101.80 and with Paul Ridge for $13,050.00. In return for its payments, Commercial obtained covenants not to sue from both Ridges. On the same day that the Ridges signed the covenants not to sue, they also entered into an agreement with American Employers Insurance Company (i.e. Commercial) which contained the following provisions:

1. The Ridges were to institute proceedings against Wright and Revels for recovery of damages in an amount not less than $107,611.73. They were to be represented by the law firm of Wilson and Biesecker and by Commercial's attorneys, Cockman, Alvis & Aldridge of Raleigh.

2. Commercial was to pay the firm of Cockman, Alvis & Aldridge. It was also to pay the expenses for depositions properly taxable to the Ridges and for costs assessed against the Ridges at either the trial or appellate level.

3. No settlement of the claims for the sum of $30,459.93 or less could be made by the Ridges without Commercial's consent unless the Ridges paid Commercial $23,345.94. If the settlement offers totalling as much as $15,000 were made to the Ridges and they failed to accept such offers, Commercial would not have had to pay any amount to the Ridges under the terms of the agreement.

4. Commercial agreed to pay the Ridges $15,000 if both cases were lost on the issue of negligence.

5. No sum was to be paid by Commercial to the Ridges under the agreement if the cases were settled, if judgment were obtained and the Ridges received any sum in satisfaction, or if the verdict was equal to or below the prior payment received by plaintiffs from the alleged joint tort-feasors.

6. If Commercial had to make any payment to the Ridges under the agreement, it had "the right to pursue and exercise the rights accruing under the judgment or judgments to the extent of such payment by [Commercial] to Ridges ... and [it had] ... the right to the first procedure recovery up to the extent of ... [Commercial's] payment as specified ...." Amounts collected thereafter were to be the property of the Ridges up to the sum of $30,459.93, and amounts thereafter up to the sum of $23,345.94 were to belong to Commercial. All additional sums would have gone to the Ridges.

The Ridges did in fact sue Wright and Revels who joined Commercial's insureds Wilson Transfer and Fritz James Todd as third-party defendants. Eventually, the third-party complaint was dismissed with prejudice by defendants and third-party plaintiffs who settled with the Ridges for $20,000. None of the settlement money was received by Commercial.

At some point during the lawsuit against its insureds, Unigard learned of the agreement between the Ridges and Commercial. In November 1980, plaintiffs initiated this lawsuit by filing a complaint alleging, among other things, that Commercial had no proper financial interest in the legal action of the Ridges against Wright and Revels and that Commercial's providing of legal counsel for the prosecution of the lawsuit was tortious and constituted an improper maintenance of a legal action. Plaintiff Revels took a voluntary dismissal without prejudice in October 1981. Commercial filed a motion...