Wright v. Matthews

• Decision Date: 21 September 2000
• Citation: 26 S.W.3d 575
• Parties: (Tex.App.-Beaumont 2000) CLARK E. WRIGHT AND FANNIE WRIGHT, Appellants v. NICHOLAS MATTHEWS, EXECUTOR OF THE ESTATE OF GARLAND SMITH MATTHEWS, BILL F. MCGRAW, KATHARINE MCGRAW, AND VIRGINIA HENDERSON ADAMS, Appellees NO. 09-99-393 CV
• Court: Texas Court of Appeals

Page 575

26 S.W.3d 575 (Tex.App.-Beaumont 2000)

CLARK E. WRIGHT AND FANNIE WRIGHT, Appellants v. NICHOLAS MATTHEWS, EXECUTOR OF THE ESTATE OF GARLAND SMITH MATTHEWS, BILL F. MCGRAW, KATHARINE MCGRAW, AND VIRGINIA HENDERSON ADAMS, Appellees

NO. 09-99-393 CV

Court of Appeals of Texas, Beaumont.

Submitted June 1, 2000.

Decided September 21, 2000

On Appeal from the 1st District Court Jasper County, Texas Trial Cause No. 20040

Before Burgess, Stover and Hill¹, JJ.

OPINION

JOHN HILL, Justice (Assigned).

Clark E. Wright and Fannie Wright appeal from a judgment quieting title to certain real estate in favor of Nicholas Matthews, executor of the estate of Garland Smith Matthews, Bill McGraw and his wife Katharine, and Virginia Henderson Adams. The Wrights present three issues on appeal, contending that the trial court erred by: (1) granting summary judgment against them on their counterclaims based upon limitations; (2) excluding evidence, including evidence relevant to issues of payment, breach, excuse, justification, and notification, as well as admissions made by Matthews, regarding the relative performance of the sellers and purchasers under the contract of sale they had filed in the deed records; and (3) by failing to render judgment against Appellees in view of their failure to submit any evidence, move for directed verdict, or obtain a finding on any liability issue.

We affirm because: (1) the trial court did not err in granting summary judgment against the Wrights on their counterclaims; (2) the trial court did not err by excluding evidence of the parties' performance under the terms of the contract because it was not relevant to any material fact issue raised by the pleadings; and (3) the trial court did not err in rendering judgment for Appellees.

In their first issue the Wrights contend that the trial court erred in granting summary judgment as to their counterclaims. In 1983, D. M. Henderson and Garland Smith Matthews entered into a contract with Clark and Fannie Wright, in which they agreed to execute a general warranty deed transferring certain property to the Wrights upon their payment of a designated monthly installment over a ten-year period. The contract also provided that Henderson and Matthews would execute a general warranty deed to the Wrights to any lot described in Tract 1 in Exhibit "A" attached to the contract upon payment of a total of $1000 per lot, including principal and interest.

The Wrights discontinued making payments under the contract in May, 1985, contending that Henderson and Matthews did not perform as promised, because they did not convey any of the lots. The Wrights recorded the contract in the deed records on March 6, 1998. After the Wrights recorded the contract, Appellees brought this action to quiet title. The Wrights counterclaimed, alleging claims of specific performance, breach of contract, declaratory judgment, DTPA, statutory fraud, constructive trust, promissory estoppel, quiet title based upon adverse possession, trespass to try title based upon adverse possession, and for attorney's fees. Appellees moved for summary judgment on the basis that the Wrights' counterclaims are barred by limitations or laches and that there was no evidence in support of any of the Wrights' affirmative defenses. The trial court granted Appellees partial summary judgment in their favor as to all of these counterclaims, except for the Wrights' claims of title based upon adverse possession. The jury made findings against the Wrights on their adverse possession claims.

In a traditional motion for summary judgment, the movant has the burden of showing that there is no genuine issue of material fact and that it is entitled to judgment as a matter of law; in deciding whether there is a disputed material fact issue precluding summary judgment, evidence favorable to the non-movant will be taken as true; and every reasonable inference must be indulged in favor of the non-movant and any doubts resolved in its favor. See Nixon v. Mr. Property Management, 690 S.W.2d 546, 548-49 (Tex. 1985).

It is undisputed that the Wrights' contractual counterclaims are barred by limitations unless limitations does not apply due to the provisions of Section 16.069 of the Texas Civil Practice and Remedies Code. That section provides that if a counterclaim or cross claim arises out of the same transaction or occurrence that is the basis of an action, a party may file the counterclaim or cross claim even though, as a separate action, it would be barred by limitation on the date the party's answer is required. Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code Ann. § 16.069 (Vernon 1997). If the Wrights' counterclaim arises out of the same transaction or occurrence as Appellees' petition to quiet title, it was timely filed; otherwise, it is barred by limitations.

Appellees' petition to quiet title arises out of the Wrights' filing of the sales contract in the deed records, thereby putting a cloud on their title. It does not arise out of the contract itself. Consequently, the Wrights' counterclaims upon which partial summary judgment was granted are barred by limitations. Therefore, the trial court did not err in granting the partial summary judgment.

The Wrights principally rely upon the cases of Oliver v. Oliver, 889 S.W.2d 271 (Tex. 1994); Briargrove Park Property Owners, Inc. v. Riner, 867 S.W.2d 58 (Tex. App. --Texarkana 1993, writ denied); and North American Land Corp. v. Boutte, 604 S.W.2d 245 (Tex. Civ. App. -- Houston [14th Dist.] 1980, writ ref'd n.r.e.). We find these cases to be distinguishable, because in each of those cases the counterclaim related to the same transaction or occurrence as the initial suit.

Arguably, the opinion in Briargrove Park Property Owners, Inc. v. Riner, supra.,could be construed as inconsistent with our holding because it involved a counterclaim based upon a contract, a counterclaim filed after the filing of an action to quiet title. However, we note that in that case there was no dispute between the parties concerning whether the counterclaim was related to the same transaction or occurrence. See Briargrove Park Property Owners, 867 S.W.2d at 63. Therefore, the court of appeals did not analyze whether it was, or was not, so related. To the extent that the holding in Briargrove might be construed as being contrary to our holding here, we decline to follow it. To do so would be inconsistent with the purpose of Section 16.069, which is to prevent a plaintiff from waiting until an adversary's claim arising from the same transaction is barred by limitation before asserting his or her own claim. See North American Land Corp., 604 S.W.2d at 247. We do not find that it supports the revival of a stale claim relating to real estate by making a filing in the deed records, then asserting the claim as a counterclaim to an action to quiet title. We overrule the Wrights' contentions as raised in their first issue.

The Wrights contend in issue two that the trial court erred by excluding evidence relating to the performance of the parties under the sales contract. They sought to introduce evidence showing they had paid sufficient money under the contract to be entitled to receive a deed to certain lots, but that neither Appellees nor their predecessors in title had conveyed the lots to them as required by the contract, thereby justifying the Wrights' failure to make further payments until title to the lots was conveyed.

"The principal issue in a suit to quiet title is as to the existence of a cloud that equity will remove." Bell v. Ott, 606 S.W.2d 942, 952 (Tex. Civ. App. --Waco 1980, writ ref'd n.r.e.). The purpose of a suit to quiet title is "to enable the holder of the feeblest equity right to remove from his way to legal title any unlawful hindrance having the...