Zayres Dept. Stores v. Fingerhut, 79-2388
| Decision Date | 29 April 1980 |
| Docket Number | No. 79-2388,79-2388 |
| Citation | 383 So.2d 262 |
| Parties | ZAYRES DEPARTMENT STORES, Appellant, v. Bernardo FINGERHUT and Regina Fingerhut, Appellees. |
| Court | Florida District Court of Appeals |
Adams & Ward and Robert C. Ward, Miami, for appellant.
Goldstein Professional Ass'n and Caron Balkany, Miami, for appellees.
Before NESBITT and BASKIN, JJ., and CHARLES A. CARROLL (Ret.), Associate Judge.
Zayres Department Stores (Zayres), defendant in an action for damages for alleged false imprisonment and malicious prosecution, appeals from an order striking its defensive pleadings for failure to make timely compliance with an order to supply better answers to certain interrogatories. We find error and reverse.
The appellant contends, and we are impelled to agree, that in consideration of the nature of the case and the circumstances involved the drastic sanction imposed by the trial court of striking appellant's defensive pleadings and directing the cause to proceed to trial on damages (in effect the equivalent of directing a verdict in favor of the plaintiffs on liability) was excessive.
The action was filed by Bernardo Fingerhut and his wife against Zayres and two of its employees, alleging that based on a false charge of retail theft (of a pair of shoes) Fingerhut was falsely imprisoned and maliciously prosecuted, for which Fingerhut sought compensatory and punitive damages. The complaint contained a separate count seeking damages for alleged interference with Fingerhut's pecuniary interests, alleging Zayres had hindered his claim for unemployment compensation by having falsely claimed that Fingerhut was discharged previously by Zayres for cause. In another count the plaintiff's wife claimed damages for loss of consortium.
Simultaneously with the filing of the complaint the plaintiffs filed a motion to produce, request for admissions and seventy-two written interrogatories. The defendants filed answer. As to the counts relating to false imprisonment and malicious prosecution defendants denied the material allegations as to liability, and in defense averred there was probable cause to detain and prosecute the plaintiff. As to the two other counts, said defendants filed motions to dismiss. Objections filed by Zayres to the interrogatories were overruled.
After answers by Zayres to the interrogatories, plaintiffs moved for an order requiring better answers to fifteen of the seventy-two interrogatories. An agreed order was entered allowing an additional thirty days to comply. Three months thereafter the plaintiff filed a motion stating that better answers to such interrogatories had not been made, and moving for an order "to strike the defendants' pleadings, or in the alternative, to enter a default against the defendants, or to assess costs and attorney fees incurred in bringing this motion." Following a hearing on that motion which was held on November 8, 1979, an order was entered which required Zayres to file such better answers to interrogatories numbered 57, 58, 60, 62, 64, 69 and 70, on or before November 12, 1979. The date of that hearing and order (November 8) was a Thursday. The ensuing Monday, the 12th, was a holiday.
On November 15 the plaintiff moved for an order striking the defendants' pleadings for failure of defendants to have complied with the order of November 8 within the time required by that order. Hearing thereon was noticed for November 20. Further answers to said interrogatories, as called for by the order of November 8, were filed and served by Zayres on November 16, prior to said such hearing.
On November 21, 1979, after hearing on plaintiffs' motion for sanctions, the court entered the order appealed from, reciting willful violation by Zayres of the order of the court, and striking Zayres' pleadings and directing trial to be held on damages only.
Zayres moved for rehearing. Therewith it was represented to the court that counsel had used diligence but had been unable to make timely compliance with the order; and that counsel had been confused as to the date for compliance, and had not received a copy of the order until November 14; and averring absence of any prejudice to the plaintiff by reason of the answers having been filed after the time specified in the order. Supporting the motion for rehearing was an affidavit of Zayres' attorney stating the answers to interrogatories had been filed and served on November 16, 1979. Attached to the affidavit was a list of three similar type actions which were pending against Zayres, being the only known record of such actions against Zayres. The motion for rehearing was denied.
Patently, there had been a period of foot-dragging by the defendant, as to the interrogatories, after the earlier consent order fixing thirty days as the time for filing better answers to certain interrogatories. However, when the plaintiff moved for imposition of sanctions for that delay by defendant, the court did not impose any sanction, but ordered the filing of such answers by November 12, 1979.
The purpose of the inquiries to be so answered was to obtain information as to other occasions on which Zayres had been involved in cases of this kind, and as to other occasions when the defendant-employees had had similar experiences in other such matters. As to the former, on rehearing it was explained by defendant that no such prior cases could be listed because Zayres had no record thereof, except for three pending cases, as to which information was supplied. Regarding queries as to prior experiences of that nature by the defendant-employees, the answer of Zayres on November 16 was that its knowledge thereof was that which was shown by said employees in their depositions which had been taken in this case.
The requested information as to prior such cases or experiences of Zayres, occurring at other times and under other facts and circumstances, would have been of little substantial value or materiality to the plaintiff. For such other prior cases, if there were any, to be of material assistance to plaintiff, the establishment of their materiality, if any, would necessitate the equivalent of a collateral trial thereof. See Atlantic Coast Line R. Co. v. Campbell, 104 Fla. 274, 139 So. 886 (1932); Short v. Allen, 254 So.2d 34 (Fla. 3d DCA 1971); McArthur v. St....
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