National Sur. Corp. v. Sharpe

• Decision Date: 24 May 1950
• Docket Number: No. 609,609
• Citation: 232 N.C. 98,59 S.E.2d 593
• Court: North Carolina Supreme Court
• Parties: NATIONAL SURETY CORPORATION, v. SHARPE et al.

Page 593

59 S.E.2d 593

232 N.C. 98

NATIONAL SURETY CORPORATION, v. SHARPE et al.

No. 609

Supreme Court of North Carolina.

May 24, 1950

Gavin, Jackson & Gavin, Sanford, for plaintiff, appellee.

John M. Spratt, York, S. C., and Carroll & Steele, Rockingham, for appellant York Mills, Inc.

ERVIN, Justice.

This appeal necessitates an examination of the rules of practice and procedure in the presentation, proof, and payment of claims in receiverships. They may be summarized as follows:

1. Under the Code of Civil Procedure, 'Any judge of the superior court with authority to grant restraining orders and injunctions has * * *jurisdiction" in proper cases to appoint a receiver to collect and preserve the assets of an insolvent debtor, to ascertain who are his creditors, and to administer his assets for the benefit of his creditors and all others concerned. G.S. § 1-501; McIntosh: North Carolina Practice and Procedure in Civil Cases, section 891. The statute now codified as G.S. § 1-502 stipulates that 'the article Receivers, in the chapter entitled Corporations,' i. e., Article 13 of Chapter 55 of the General Statutes, 'is applicable, as near as may be,' to receivers appointed under the Code of Civil Procedure.

2. The law contemplates the settlement of all claims against the insolvent debtor in the original action in which the receiver is appointed, except in the infrequent instances where the appointing court, for good cause shown, grants leave to a claimant to bring an independent action against the receiver. Black v. Consolidated Ry. & Power Co., 158 N.C. 468, 74 S.E. 468.

3. For this reason, all persons, who have claims against the insolvent debtor and desire to participate in the distribution of his estate, must present their claims to the receiver in writing. G.S. § 55-152.

4. The court in control of the receivership should fix the time in which any and all claims against the estate of the insolvent debtor are to be presented to the receiver, give appropriate notice to creditors of such limitation of time by publication or otherwise, and postpone any order of distribution until an opportunity has been afforded for the determination of the status of all claims and their order of priority. G.S. § 55-152; Schneider v. Schneider, 347 Mo. 102, 146 S.W.2d 584; Naslund v. Moon Motor Car Co., 345 Mo. 465, 134 S.W.2d 102; 45 Am.Jur., Receivers, section 246. The pertinent statute expressly provides that the court may bar all creditors and claimants failing to present their respective claims to the receiver within the time limited from participating in the distribution of the assets of the estate in receivership. G.S. § 55-152.

5. The receiver must pass upon the validity and priority of the claims presented to him, and allow or disallow them or any part thereof, and notify the claimants of his determination. To enable the receiver to decide whether the claims are just, the law confers upon him plenary power to examine claimants and witnesses touching the claims, and to require the production of relevant books and papers. G.S. § 55-152.

6. The receiver is required to report his finding as to any claim to the next ensuing term of the superior court in which the receivership was granted. G.S. § 55-153.

7. When this is done, 'any interested person' may except to the reported finding of the receiver as to the claim, and contest such finding in the original receivership action without any leave from the court provided he files his exception in apt time. The statute specifies that the exception may be filed 'within ten days after notice of the finding by the receiver, and not later than within the first three days of the * * * term' to which the report is made. The judge has the discretionary power, however, to extend the time for filing such exceptions. G.S. § 55-153; Benson v. Roberson, 226 N.C. 103, 36 S.E.2d 729. The term 'any person interested' undoubtedly includes a claimant who wishes to resist a finding by the receiver adjudging his claim to be invalid, or of less dignity than that alleged by him. Moreover, a creditor, who has a valid claim, is certainly a 'person interested' for the purpose of opposing a report of the receiver allowing the validity or priority of other asserted claims, whose payment will exhaust or reduce the receivership assets otherwise available for the satisfaction of his claim. Wiggington v. Auburn Wagon Co., 4 Cir., 33 F.2d 496; Farmers' Loan & Trust Co. v. San Diego St. Car Co., 9 Cir., 45 F. 518; Franklin Nat. Bank v. Whitehead, 149 Ind. 560, 49 N.E. 592, 39 L.R.A. 725, 63 Am.St.Rep. 302; In re Field Body Corp., 240 Mich. 28, 215 N.W. 6.

8. If the person, who excepts to the report of the receiver to the superior court, demands a jury trial on his exception, it is the duty of the court to prepare a proper issue and submit it to a jury; but if the demand for a jury trial is not made in the exceptions to the report, the right to a jury trial is waived. G.S. § 55-153.

9. The general rules as to evidence in civil actions and proceedings apply on the trial of exceptions to reported findings of a receiver in respect to the validity and priority of claims against the estate of an insolvent debtor. Hassall v. Wilcox, 130 U.S. 493, 9 S.Ct. 590, 32 L.Ed. 1001; Central Savings Bank v. Newton, 59 Colo. 150, 147 P. 690; In re Field Body Corp., 240 Mich. 28, 215 N.W. 6; Lincoln Trust Co. v. Missouri Water, Light & Traction Co., 151 Mo.App. 322, 131 S.W. 889; Westinghouse Electric Mfg. Co. v. Barre & Montpelier T. & P. Co., 98 Vt. 130, 126 A. 594.

10. Property in receivership is distributed in payment of the claims of creditors only upon order of the court. Manifestly, such an order should not be made until there has been a proper determination of the status of claims, and the order of their priority, and the assets available for their satisfaction. 45 Am.Jur., Receivers, section 335; 53 C.J., Receivers, section 513. See, also: Strauss v. Building & Loan Association, 117 N.C. 308, 23 S.E. 450, 30 L.R.A. 693, 53 Am.St.Rep. 585.

11. Even in the absence of an express statutory requirement to that effect, the giving of appropriate notice to creditors is an essential prerequisite to the entry of an...