Ciskie v. State, Employment Sec. Dept., 5647-0-II

• Decision Date: 20 June 1983
• Docket Number: No. 5647-0-II,5647-0-II
• Parties: Darrell P. CISKIE, Appellant, v. The STATE of Washington, EMPLOYMENT SECURITY DEPARTMENT, Respondent.
• Court: Washington Court of Appeals

Page 72

35 Wn.App. 72

664 P.2d 1318

Darrell P. CISKIE, Appellant, v. The STATE of Washington, EMPLOYMENT SECURITY DEPARTMENT, Respondent.

No. 5647-0-II.

Court of Appeals of Washington Division 2.

June 20, 1983.

Craig Schauermann, Vancouver, for Ciskie.

John Sells, Asst. Atty. Gen., Olympia, for Employment Sec.

REED, Judge.

The Commissioner of the Department of Employment Security (Commissioner) determined that Darrell Ciskie lost his job due to work-related misconduct. This decision resulted in the denial of Ciskie's application for unemployment compensation. See RCW 50.20.060. The Superior Court affirmed, and Ciskie appealed. In doing so, he does not challenge the Commissioner's factual findings. Rather, he contends, as a matter of law, his behavior leading to his discharge was not "misconduct" within the context of RCW 50.20.060. We agree and reverse.

In October 1978, Darrell Ciskie was hired by the Portco Corporation in Vancouver to operate a forklift. Portco was satisfied with Ciskie's performance until June 1979, at which time he missed several days work because of a felony arrest. Although he was not discharged, Ciskie was warned that no further absences would be tolerated.

Shortly thereafter, he missed three more days, the last absence resulting in his discharge. On the first occasion, Ciskie was excused from work to have a skin cancer removed. On another occasion, Ciskie left work after being advised that his wife's son had been injured in a motorcycle accident. Ciskie notified Mr. Bonge, his immediate supervisor, of the emergency but did not wait until he was cleared to leave by Mr. Bonge's supervisor, Mr. Irving. Ciskie was warned when he returned that another unexcused absence would cost him his job.

Shortly after arriving at work on July 19, 1979, Ciskie received a telephone call from his brother-in-law in California advising him that his wife's father was missing. After calling his wife from work, Ciskie decided he would have to return home to help his wife through the crisis. Knowing that Mr. Irving was on vacation and that Mr. Bonge had not arrived at work, Ciskie asked a fellow employee to explain the emergency to Mr. Bonge when he arrived. On his way out, Ciskie checked the office parking lot for a car belonging to Chuck Gray, another supervisor Ciskie intended to contact if Gray was present. The car was not there; Ciskie left.

Portco requires employees to notify an appropriate supervisor prior to leaving the work site. A board with the home telephone numbers of Bonge and Irving was maintained in Ciskie's work area. Further, an office supervisor, Ms. Schulte, could have been contacted by Ciskie before he left. Consequently, upon his return in the afternoon, Ciskie was terminated.

Ciskie applied for unemployment compensation. When benefits were denied, Ciskie appealed the Commissioner's decision to Clark County Superior Court. The trial judge, applying the "clearly erroneous" standard of review, RCW 34.04.130(6)(e), upheld the Commissioner's decision.

The Commissioner urges us to follow the same standard of review utilized by the trial court. Ciskie disagrees; he contends the "error of law" standard, RCW 34.04.130(6)(d), is more appropriate. We note that the facts found by the Commissioner are undisputed. Whether these facts constitute "misconduct" is properly reviewed as a question of law. See Daily Herald v. Employment Sec. Dept., 91 Wash.2d 559, 588 P.2d 1157 (1979). Accordingly, we must decide independently whether the undisputed facts concerning Ciskie's conduct constitute work-related misconduct. See Rasmussen v Employment Sec. Dept., 98 Wash.2d 846, 658 P.2d 1240 (1983). We do so giving due deference to the interpretation given RCW 50.20.060 by the Commissioner. See Hayes v. Yount, 87 Wash.2d 280, 552 P.2d 1038 (1976).

The Legislature intended to provide unemployment benefits only to those who become unemployed through no fault of their own. RCW 50.01.010; Durham v. Employment Security Dept., 31 Wash.App. 675, 644 P.2d 154 (1982). To effectuate this policy, RCW 50.20.060 provides:

An individual shall be disqualified from benefits beginning with the first day of the calendar week in which he or she has been discharged or suspended for misconduct connected with his or her work ...

(Italics ours.)

The parties agree that Boynton Cab Co. v. Neubeck, 237 Wis. 249, 259-60, 296 N.W. 636 (1941), sets forth the definition of "misconduct" in this context which has been adopted by this State's courts.

[t]he intended meaning of the term "misconduct" ... is limited to conduct evincing such wilful or wanton disregard of an employer's interests as is found in deliberate violations or disregard of standards of behavior which the employer has the right to expect of his employee, or in carelessness or negligence of such degree or recurrence as to manifest equal culpability, wrongful intent or evil design, or to show an intentional and substantial disregard of the employer's interests or of the employee's duties and obligations to his employer. On the other hand mere inefficiency, unsatisfactory...