Com. v. Carlton

• Decision Date: 15 October 1997
• Docket Number: No. 96-P-1058,96-P-1058
• Citation: 685 N.E.2d 1201,43 Mass.App.Ct. 702
• Parties: COMMONWEALTH v. Robert A. CARLTON.
• Court: Appeals Court of Massachusetts

Page 1201

685 N.E.2d 1201

43 Mass.App.Ct. 702

COMMONWEALTH v. Robert A. CARLTON.

No. 96-P-1058.

Appeals Court of Massachusetts,

Plymouth.

Argued May 14, 1997.

Decided Oct. 15, 1997.

Lois J. Martin, Brookline, for defendant.

Robert C. Thompson, Assistant District Attorney, for Com.

Before BROWN, SMITH and GREENBERG, JJ.

GREENBERG, Justice.

A jury found the defendant, Robert A. Carlton, guilty of burning a building (G.L. c. 266, § 2), and malicious destruction of property over $250 (G.L. c. 266, § 127). The defendant appeals from the denial of his motion for a required finding of not guilty, and from the denial of his motion to dismiss for lack of a speedy trial. He also argues that his trial counsel was ineffective.

Considering the evidence in the light most favorable to the Commonwealth, the jury could have found the following facts. A Halloween northeaster struck Scituate on October 30, 1991, and ravaged the coastline. The Minot Light Inn was flooded during the storm. Arthur Iorio, the owner, was contacted by the defendant, an electrician, who offered to assist with the emergency. On November 5, the defendant set up temporary lights and did an appraisal. His estimate of $45,000 to repair the damage was given to Iorio, who ultimately hired another contractor to restore power to the building.

The next day, on November 6, Iorio asked the defendant to remove his emergency lights and agreed to pay him for the work he had done. The defendant, apparently upset that he was not awarded the contract, drove off in his pick-up truck. Around 4:30 P.M. that same day, he arrived at Iorio's home and spoke with Iorio's wife, who thought he was "a little inebriated."

About 6:00 P.M., a neighbor who lived close to the Inn went over and smelled gasoline. He found an empty gas can belonging to the defendant near a bulkhead leading into the cellar of the building. Shortly thereafter, the neighbor saw smoke coming from the inn. Someone had torched the cellar; the fire burned for "no more than fifteen minutes" before it was extinguished.

1. Sufficiency of the evidence. Both the neighbor and a Brooks Pharmacy clerk testified about the defendant's suspicious behavior shortly after the fire broke out. The neighbor saw the defendant driving his car by the Minot Light Inn twice after the fire started, the first time at a speed low enough to observe the scene. The clerk testified that the defendant said to her, "the Minot, it's all gone, it's all gone." In addition, there was evidence that the defendant showered and washed his clothes in the washing machine (including his leather sneakers), and claimed to have showered more than two hours prior to his arrest, even though his hair was still wet when he was apprehended. See Commonwealth v. Cordle, 404 Mass. 733, 741, 537 N.E.2d 130 (1989), S.C., 412 Mass. 172, 587 N.E.2d 1372 (1992); Commonwealth v. Doucette, 408 Mass. 454, 461, 559 N.E.2d 1225 (1990).

Some of the material used to ignite the fire consisted of paper circulars which bore the name and address of his housemate. See Commonwealth v. McIntosh, 10 Mass.App.Ct. 924, 925, 412 N.E.2d 917 (1980). The defendant was familiar with the area, and the distances involved show that he was able to have committed the crime within the time allowed. See Commonwealth v. Greenberg, 34 Mass.App.Ct. 197, 203, 609 N.E.2d 90 (1993). Moreover, there was evidence that the defendant was angry, upset, and depressed when Iorio did not award him the contract for electrical repair work at the Minot Light Inn. See Commonwealth v. Robinson, 34 Mass.App.Ct. 610, 615, 614 N.E.2d 697 (1993).

Arsonists are "furtive criminals," Commonwealth v. Jacobson, 19 Mass.App.Ct. 666, 674, 477 N.E.2d 158 (1985), and the Commonwealth must often rely on a "web of circumstantial evidence" when establishing guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. Commonwealth v. Blonde, 29 Mass.App.Ct. 914, 916, 556 N.E.2d 1049 (1990). This case fits within the norm, in that the evidence against the defendant on the record is mainly circumstantial.

A reasonable jury, viewing the evidence in a light most favorable to the Commonwealth, Commonwealth v. Latimore, 378 Mass. 671, 677, 393 N.E.2d 370 (1979), could conclude that the defendant was able to commit the burning of the building within the time frame set by the uncontroverted evidence.

The defendant's other contention that there was not enough evidence introduced to support the sentence imposed by the judge under G.L. c. 266, § 127, for malicious destruction of property over $250, i.e., the toilet in Scituate's lock-up, is without merit. To the contrary, defense counsel admitted "[t]he evidence [of value] went in excess of $250, I have no problem with that." See Commonwealth v. LaFontaine, 32 Mass.App.Ct. 529, 535, 591 N.E.2d 1103 (1992). Contrast Commonwealth v. Cimino, 34 Mass.App.Ct. 925, 927-928, 611 N.E.2d 738 (1993).

2. Ineffective assistance of counsel. That trial counsel did not file a motion for speedy trial for more than three years after the arraignment affords the defendant nothing. The defendant's argument that memory loss of the witnesses in the case harmed his defense belies the fact that defense counsel used the delay to attack their memory and credibility based on the timeline between the events in question and the time of trial. To the contrary, the pertinent parts of the record relied on by the defendant in this argument show weaknesses in the case against the defendant when the Commonwealth conducted its direct examination of its witness, Althea Fisk, who was required to refresh her memory on some critical points.

That a potential witness, Robert Fisk, died before trial does not make defense counsel ineffective. The defendant did not offer proof of when the witness died, so it remains mere speculation to assert he would have been available for an earlier trial. There was also no offer of proof regarding how his testimony would have benefitted the defendant. "We should recall that in a case where ineffective assistance of counsel is charged, there ought to be some showing that better work might have accomplished something material for the defense." Commonwealth v. Satterfield, 373 Mass. 109, 115, 364 N.E.2d 1260 (1977).

We note that where, as here, delay may have benefitted the defendant in the preparation of his case, and it appears that defense counsel "felt it tactically advantageous not to press for motions resolution and trial," Commonwealth v. Lauria, 411 Mass. 63, 66, 576 N.E.2d 1368 (1991), the failure to object "is indicative of a belief on his part that he was not being prejudiced by the delay." Commonwealth v. Fontaine, 8 Mass.App.Ct. 51, 53, 391 N.E.2d 1234 (1979). Nothing appears on this record that counsel was ineffective, in a constitutional sense, in failing to object to various continuances. Commonwealth v. Tanner, 417 Mass. 1, 4, 627 N.E.2d 895 (1994).

In his opening statement defense counsel told the jury that he would call James Fair, the other electrician Iorio had consulted about the job. His subsequent failure to call him as a witness could reasonably be seen as a "strategic decision" based on the testimony elicited from Iorio at trial. Commonwealth v. Nardone, 406 Mass. 123 126, 546 N.E.2d 359 (1989). Fair would have corroborated other witnesses concerning the defendant being "upset" and "disturbed" about not getting the job. When Iorio failed to mention anything about the defendant's ire, the value of Fair's testimony was greatly reduced. It is not per se ineffective assistance to fail to produce evidence mentioned in opening statements. Id. at 127-128, 546 N.E.2d 359.

The defendant's claim that trial counsel's...