Com. v. Kutnyak

• Decision Date: 13 August 2001
• Citation: 781 A.2d 1259
• Parties: COMMONWEALTH of Pennsylvania, Appellee v. Mark Allen KUTNYAK, Appellant.
• Court: Pennsylvania Superior Court

781 A.2d 1259

COMMONWEALTH of Pennsylvania, Appellee v. Mark Allen KUTNYAK, Appellant.

Superior Court of Pennsylvania.

Argued June 28, 2001.

Filed August 13, 2001.

Mark A. Kutnyak, appellant, pro se.

Adrienne Duvall, Assistant District Attorney, Norristown, for Com., appellee.

Before: HUDOCK, STEVENS and POPOVICH, JJ.

HUDOCK, J.

¶ 1 Appellant appeals, pro se, the order entered October 11, 2000, disposing of his first petition brought pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act (PCRA), 42 Pa. C.S.A. sections 9541-46. Appellant's petition was denied without a hearing. For the reasons that follow, we vacate and remand.

¶ 2 On September 15, 1995, Appellant entered an open plea to aggravated assault, aggravated indecent assault, and criminal trespass. Appellant waived his right to counsel and entered the pleas pro se. The trial court sentenced Appellant on November 17, 1995, to two and one-half to ten years' imprisonment. No direct appeal was filed.

¶ 3 Appellant filed the instant petition on September 8, 2000, pro se. The court denied relief on October 11, 2000, without appointing counsel to represent Appellant, and without issuing notice pursuant to Pa. R.Crim.P. 1507, 42 Pa.C.S.A.,¹ of its intent to dismiss the petition without a hearing. This timely pro se appeal followed. ¶ 4 In reviewing the propriety of the PCRA court's dismissal of the petition, we are limited to determining whether the court's findings are supported by the record and whether the order is free of legal error. Commonwealth v. Allen, 557 Pa. 135, 142, 732 A.2d 582, 586 (1999). On appeal, Appellant argues the court improperly denied his petition without appointing counsel and without providing Rule 1507 notice of its intent to dismiss without a hearing. Appellant also argues the merits of the numerous issues contained in his petition.

¶ 5 We first observe that Appellant's pro se petition, entitled "Notice of Post-Sentence Motion Challenging Validity of Guilty Plea to Permit Withdrawal, Nunc Pro Tunc," must be treated as a PCRA petition, since the PCRA is the exclusive vehicle for obtaining post-conviction collateral relief. Commonwealth v. Bronshtein, 561 Pa. 611, 614 n. 3, 752 A.2d 868, 869-70 n. 3 (2000). This is true regardless of the manner in which the petition is titled. Commonwealth v. Hutchins, 760 A.2d 50, 52 n. 1 (Pa.Super.2000). Indeed, the PCRA statute specifically provides for such treatment:

The action established in this subchapter shall be the sole means of obtaining collateral relief and encompasses all other common law and statutory remedies for the same purpose that exist when this subchapter takes effect, including habeas corpus and coram nobis.

42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9542. Simply because the merits of the PCRA petition cannot be considered due to previous litigation, waiver, or an untimely filing, there is no alternative basis for relief outside the framework of the PCRA. See generally, Commonwealth v. Fahy, 558 Pa. 313, 332, 737 A.2d 214, 223-224 (1999) (citing Commonwealth v. Chester, 557 Pa. 358, 733 A.2d 1242 (1999)).

¶ 6 The court below first states the petition appears to most closely resemble a post-sentence motion and proceeds to evaluate the merits of the petition on this basis, prior to finding the petition "cannot" be considered a PCRA petition. PCRA Court Opinion, 12/22/00, at 2-4. However, as the only avenue of relief available to Appellant nearly five years after his sentencing is through the PCRA, the court below should have evaluated the filing solely as a first PCRA petition. See Bronshtein, Hutchins, supra.

¶ 7 We next observe that, contrary to the implication contained in the PCRA court's opinion, there is no requirement that a petitioner utilize the standard PCRA petition form provided for pro se petitioners, although petitioners may certainly take advantage of using the forms to assist them in the filing of their petitions. The court states in its opinion that "the Defendant has completely failed to comply with any of the rules governing PCRA claims or to utilize a standard form." PCRA Court Opinion, 12/22/00, at 5 (emphasis added).

¶ 8 Appellant cites the case of Commonwealth v. Jerman, 762 A.2d 366 (Pa.Super.2000), in support of his argument that the court erred in stating that he failed to use a particular form for the petition. Appellant's Brief, at 35. In Jerman, the clerk of courts returned the filing to the petitioner, without docketing the petition, because it was "not the correct paperwork." Id. at 367 (footnote omitted). The petitioner filed a second PCRA petition utilizing the prison-supplied form; however, the second petition was now untimely filed due to the delay. Id. at 368. This Court held that "[t]here is no requirement that a PCRA petition be on any particular form" and considered the second petition as an extension of the first, relating the filing date back to that of the first petition. Id. We further held that the court should have appointed counsel and considered the merits of the petition. Id. at 369. In the case at hand, the court erroneously concluded, in part, that Appellant failed to file the petition on the "required" form.

¶ 9 Therefore, we could vacate and remand on this basis alone, as this conclusion by the court is in error. However, we will also address statements made by both the court and the Commonwealth to the effect that because the petition at issue "does not meet the requirements" of a PCRA petition, it may not be considered a PCRA petition. The court analyzed the merits of the Appellant's filing and stated it failed to meet the requirements of a post-sentence motion, direct appeal, or collateral attack. PCRA Court Opinion, 12/22/00, at 1. Curiously, the court states "[t]he `Petition' cannot be considered to be and does not meet the requirements for post conviction relief." Id. at 4 (emphasis added). The court further found that "since there were no valid PCRA claims before the court, there was no basis to appoint counsel." Id. at 5.

¶ 10 To the contrary, the petition must be considered a PCRA petition, and counsel must be appointed to represent Appellant. Our Supreme Court held in Commonwealth v. Albrecht, 554 Pa. 31, 720 A.2d 693 (1998), that an unrepresented petitioner who is indigent has a right to court-appointed counsel to represent him on his first PCRA petition. See also Commonwealth v. Quail, 729 A.2d 571 (Pa.Super.1999). "The denial of PCRA relief cannot stand unless the petitioner was afforded the assistance of counsel" Albrecht, supra, at 43, 720 A.2d at 699 (citing Commonwealth v. Duffey, 551 Pa. 675, 713 A.2d 63 (1998)). The PCRA court may not first evaluate the merits of the petition, as was done in this case, and then deny the appointment of counsel because the petition lacks merit. To do so undermines the very purpose of appointing counsel and thwarts the intent of the Legislature in providing counsel to indigent petitioners in collateral proceedings. See generally, Commonwealth v. Hampton, 718 A.2d 1250, 1253-1254 (Pa.Super.1998). The issue of whether the petitioner is entitled to relief is another matter entirely, which is to be determined after the appointment of counsel and the opportunity to file an amended petition.

¶ 11 Therefore, as this is Appellant's first PCRA petition, he is entitled to counsel to represent him despite any apparent untimeliness of the petition or the apparent non-cognizability of the claims presented. Hampton, 718 A.2d at 1253 (holding that appointment of counsel is necessary despite the apparent untimeliness of petition). See also Commonwealth v. Guthrie, 749 A.2d 502, 504 (Pa.Super.2000) (holding there is no need to formally request counsel on a first PCRA petition, since counsel will be appointed) (citing Commonwealth v. Ferguson, 722 A.2d 177 (Pa.Super.1998)). Therefore, we are constrained to vacate and...