Davis v. Cohen Co
| Decision Date | 08 June 1925 |
| Docket Number | No. 331,331 |
| Citation | 69 L.Ed. 1129,45 S.Ct. 633,268 U.S. 638 |
| Parties | DAVIS, Agent, v. L. L. COHEN & CO., Inc |
| Court | U.S. Supreme Court |
Mr. Arthur W. Blackman, of Boston, Mass., for plaintiff in error.
Mr. Louis Swig, of Taunton, Mass., for defendant in error.
This writ of error is brought to review a judgment in favor of Cohen & Co. entered in the Superior Court of Bristol County, Massachusetts, against James C. Davis, as Agent designated by the President under the Transportation Act, 1920.1 After a verdict had been rendered, but before entry of judgment, the case was reported by the Superior Court to the Supreme Judicial Court for instructions upon exceptions that had been reserved by both parties; and thereafter, in accordance with a rescript from the Supreme Judicial Court (247 Mass. 259, 142 N. E. 75), the judgment in question was entered in the Superior Court. Under the Massachusetts practice that was followed, the judgment is to be regarded as the final decision of the highest court of the State in which a decision could be had; and the writ of error was therefore properly directed to the Superior Court. McGuire v. Commonwealth of Mass., 3 Wall. 382, 386, 18 L. Ed. 164; and see Joslin Co. v. Providence, 262 U. S. 668, 673, 43 S. Ct. 684, 67 L. Ed. 1167.
A petition for certiorari has also been filed, but as the case is properly here on writ of error, that petition is denied.
The sole question here presented is whether the provisions of the Massachusetts General Laws, c. 231, §§ 51, 138, authorizing amendments in any process, pleading, or proceeding at any time before final judgment, as construed and applied in this case, is invalid because of repugnancy to section 206 of the Transportation Act.
The suit was brought by Cohen & Co., in January, 1920, against the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad Company, to recover for damages to a carload of scrap iron shipped over the railroad in 1918, when it was under Federal Control. While the Railroad Company was described in the writ as a corporation 'operated and controlled by the United States Railroad Administration,' the writ was directed to, and served upon, the Railroad Company alone, and the declaration was filed against it alone; no effort being then made to sue the Director General. The Railroad Company appeared and filed an answer denying the allegations of the declaration.
No further proceedings were had until September, 1922, when, on the ex parte motion of the plaintiff, the writ and declaration were amended by striking out the name of the Railroad Company, and substituting the name of James C. Davis, Agent, and the Director General of Railroads, as the party defendant. An order of notice was then served upon Davis, who appeared specially, and moved that such service be set aside and the action against him dismissed, on the grounds that the service was void and the court was without jurisdiction to entertain the action against him, because the proceeding against him had not been instituted within the time prescribed by section 206 of the Transportation Act; and that any provisions of the Massachusetts laws purporting to authorize such proceeding were repugnant to the Transportation Act and void. This motion was denied, and Davis was required to answer. The case, in which, at every stage, he preserved his original objections, finally resulted in the judgment against him which it is now sought to review.
Our conclusions may be briefly stated. The Railroad Company was not liable for the cause of action that had arisen during Federal Control; the sole liability being that of the Director General as the representative of the Government. Missouri Pacific Railroad v. Ault, 256 U. S. 554, 557, 41 S. Ct. 593, 65 L. Ed. 1087. The original suit against the Railroad Company was not a suit against the Director General, and the service of the original writ upon the Railroad Company did not bring him before the court. While originally, after the passage of the Federal Control Act (Comp. St. 1918, Comp. St. Ann. Supp. 1919, §§ 31153/4 a-3115 3/4p), it was sometimes thought that the Government might be held liable in a suit brought against the carrier, describing it as in the hands or possession of the Director General, all doubt as to how the suit should be brought was cleared away by the General Order of the Director General requiring that it should be brought against the Director General of Railroads, and not otherwise. Ault Case, supra, p. 561 (1921).2 And it is immaterial that, as admitted at bar, the service of the writ against the Railroad Company was made upon a clerk upon whom process against the Director General might have been served if the suit had been brought against him. 'The Federal Agent was not bound to take cognizance of an action against the railroad corporation, even though the service was on the same local station agent, and even though the complaint stated a cause of action for personal...
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...66 F.Supp. 262, at page 263; Schram v. Poole, 9 Cir., 1938, 97 F.2d 566, at page 572; Davis v. L. L. Cohen & Co., 1925, 268 U.S. 638, at page 642, 45 S.Ct. 633, at page 634, 69 L.Ed. 1129; Lindgren v. United States Shipping Board Merchant Fleet Corp., 4 Cir., 1932, 55 F.2d 117, at page 120;......
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