Duran v. State
| Decision Date | 03 August 2005 |
| Docket Number | No. A05A1069.,A05A1069. |
| Citation | 274 Ga. App. 876,619 S.E.2d 388 |
| Parties | DURAN v. The STATE. |
| Court | Georgia Court of Appeals |
Christopher T. Adams, Lawrenceville, for appellant.
Daniel J. Porter, District Attorney, James M. Cavin, Assistant District Attorney, for appellee.
Following a jury trial, Miguel Angel Duran was found guilty of rape and aggravated sexual battery. He appeals on the grounds that (1) the evidence was insufficient, (2) his statements to the questioning officers were improperly admitted, (3) his trial counsel was ineffective, and (4) the trial court erred by using a court interpreter that was not certified. We find no error and affirm.
Viewed in the light most favorable to the verdict, the evidence shows that on July 26, 2000 the victim was living in a rented room in Duran's house. That morning, Duran returned to the residence after a night of drinking and entered the victim's bedroom with the intent of having sex with her. He started touching her, forcing her legs apart and holding her face so she would not yell, and placed his mouth upon and inserted his penis and finger into her vagina. She resisted and began to scream. After the encounter, she left the residence in tears.
On the night of his arrest, Duran was taken to the Gwinnett County Police Department for a videotaped interrogation. The questions were asked and answered in both English and Spanish, depending upon Duran's need for translation. At the outset of the interrogation, he was instructed of his Miranda rights in Spanish, after which he agreed to answer questions without the presence of counsel.
After a Jackson-Denno hearing, the trial court admitted portions of the videotaped interrogation, including both the Miranda instruction and Duran's statements to the interrogating officers. A court interpreter was present at the hearing to translate those portions of the videotape in Spanish as well as during the trial. At no point during the Jackson-Denno hearing or trial did Duran object to the interpreter's qualifications. The interpreter had passed a written translator's examination, but was not state certified. Duran was found guilty of rape and aggravated sexual battery. His motion for a new trial was denied, and he now appeals.
1. Duran first contends that the evidence was insufficient to support the jury's verdict, finding him guilty of rape and aggravated sexual battery. We disagree.
On appeal from a criminal conviction, we view the evidence in the light most favorable to the verdict, with the defendant no longer enjoying a presumption of innocence. Williams v. State, 261 Ga.App. 793, 794(1), 584 S.E.2d 64 (2003). We neither weigh the evidence nor judge the credibility of witnesses, but determine only whether the evidence was sufficient for a rational trier of fact to find the defendant guilty of the charged offense beyond a reasonable doubt. Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 99 S.Ct. 2781, 61 L.Ed.2d 560 (1979)
A person commits the offense of rape when he has carnal knowledge of a female forcibly and against her will. OCGA § 16-6-1(a)(1). "Carnal knowledge" is defined as "any penetration of the female sex organ by the male sex organ." OCGA § 16-6-1(a). A person commits aggravated sexual battery when he "intentionally penetrates with a foreign object the sexual organ or anus of another person without the consent of that person." OCGA § 16-6-22.2(b). "Foreign object" means any article or instrument other than the sexual organ of a person, including a finger. OCGA § 16-6-22.2(a); Hardeman v. State, 247 Ga.App. 503, 504(2), 544 S.E.2d 481 (2001). For either offense, the necessary penetration need be only slight and may be proved by either indirect or circumstantial evidence. Lay v. State, 264 Ga.App. 483, 484(1), 591 S.E.2d 427 (2003); Hendrix v. State, 230 Ga.App. 604, 607(4), 497 S.E.2d 236 (1998).
Here, the victim testified that Duran entered her bedroom and, without her consent, inserted his finger and penis into her vagina. This testimony establishing forcible penetration is alone sufficient to sustain the jury's verdict. See Clark v. State, 249 Ga.App. 97, 98, 547 S.E.2d 734 (2001); Hardeman, supra, 247 Ga.App. at 503-504(2), 544 S.E.2d 481. Moreover, the examining sexual assault specialist concluded that the victim's wounds were consistent with her story of sexual assault and indicated forced penetration by the finger and the penis. The jury was free to disbelieve Duran's testimony and the testimony of other witnesses and to find him guilty based on the victim's corroborated recollection of the encounter. See Cooper v. State, 232 Ga.App. 461, 463(1), 502 S.E.2d 306 (1998).
The evidence here was sufficient for the jury to find Duran guilty of rape and aggravated sexual battery. See OCGA §§ 16-6-1(a)(1), 16-6-22.2(b).
2. Duran next contends that it was reversible error for the trial court to admit at trial his videotaped custodial statements to the interrogating officers. We disagree.
"In ruling on the admissibility of [a defendant's] in-custody statement, a trial court must determine whether, based on the totality of the circumstances, a preponderance of the evidence demonstrates that the statement was made freely and voluntarily." Mosely v. State, 250 Ga.App. 892, 553 S.E.2d 197 (2001). A trial court's factual findings and credibility determinations relating to the admissibility of a defendant's statements at a Jackson-Denno hearing will be upheld on appeal unless clearly erroneous. Id.
First, Duran contends that the Miranda instruction was inadequate because it was in "garbled" Spanish that he did not understand. As played for the court during the Jackson-Denno hearing, however, the videotape revealed that the instruction adequately covered all the necessary points. See California v. Prysock, 453 U.S. 355, 360-361, 101 S.Ct. 2806, 69 L.Ed.2d 696 (1981) (); see also Eubanks v. State, 240 Ga. 166, 167-168(1), 240 S.E.2d 54 (1977). Further, Duran told the interrogating officers that he understood his rights and was willing to answer their questions without the presence of counsel. "Where, as here, the record indicates that a defendant's Miranda rights were duly explained to the defendant and that the defendant understood such rights, an imperfect translation thereof will not foreclose a valid rights waiver." (Citation omitted.) Nguyen v. State, 269 Ga.App. 730, 731(1), 605 S.E.2d 130 (2004).
Duran also contends that his custodial statements were not voluntarily given since he was "involuntarily" intoxicated by paint fumes after spending the day painting a school ceiling. However, at the Jackson-Denno hearing, the interrogating officer testified that Duran responded to the questions coherently, that he did not appear disoriented or under the influence of alcohol or narcotics, and that his statements were freely and voluntarily given. Since evidence supported the finding that Duran's statements were the product of rational intellect and free will, the trial court did not err either in finding that the statements were given voluntarily or in admitting them. Forehand v. State, 271 Ga.App. 746, 747, 611 S.E.2d 78 (2005); Brownlee v. State, 271 Ga.App. 475, 476-477(2), 610 S.E.2d 118 (2005); Smith v. State, 269 Ga.App. 17, 19-20(2)(a), 602 S.E.2d 921 (2004).
3. Duran next claims that his trial counsel was ineffective when he failed to call an expert to testify as to the effects of the...
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