Emerald Coast Utilities Auth. v. Bear Marcus Pointe, LLC

• Decision Date: 06 October 2017
• Docket Number: CASE NO. 1D15–5714
• Citation: 227 So.3d 752
• Parties: EMERALD COAST UTILITIES AUTHORITY, Appellant, v. BEAR MARCUS POINTE, LLC; a Florida Limited Liability Company, Appellee.
• Court: Florida District Court of Appeals

227 So.3d 752

EMERALD COAST UTILITIES AUTHORITY, Appellant,

v.BEAR MARCUS POINTE, LLC; a Florida Limited Liability Company, Appellee.

CASE NO. 1D15–5714

District Court of Appeal of Florida, First District.

Opinion filed October 6, 2017.

Rehearing Denied October 6, 2017

Bradley S. Odom and Richard D. Barlow of Odom & Barlow, P.A., Pensacola, for Appellant.

Major B. Harding and Erik M. Figlio of Ausley & McMullen, Tallahassee; William A. Fixel of Fixel & Willis, Tallahassee, for Appellee.

ON MOTION FOR REHEARING, REHEARING EN BANC, AND CERTIFICATION OF QUESTION

PER CURIAM.

Appellant's Amended Motion for Rehearing, Rehearing En Banc, and Certification of Question is denied, but we withdraw our previous opinion and substitute the following opinion in its place.

In this appeal from an order denying its motion for relief from judgment pursuant to Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.540(b), appellant claims that the trial court abused its discretion in not vacating and reentering its order assessing attorneys' fees, which appellant alleged to have never received, so that appellant could file a timely notice of appeal. Finding no abuse of discretion, we affirm.

On March 18, 2014, the trial court rendered an order assessing attorneys' fees against appellant in an eminent domain proceeding. On March 20, 2014, the clerk of the court served the order by email sent to the email addresses designated by counsel for each party. On May 12, 2014, appellant filed a motion for relief from the order, requesting the trial court to vacate and reenter the order to allow appellant to file a timely notice of appeal because appellant did not receive a copy of the order until after expiration of the time to appeal.

At the hearing on appellant's motion, Lendy Davis, the IT director for the clerk of the court, testified that the log from the clerk's e-service system indicated that emails containing the order were sent to the primary and secondary email addresses designated by appellant's attorneys at 7:28 p.m. on March 20, 2014. The clerk's email server contacted the email server for the domain of these addresses and handed off the messages to the recipient server. Davis explained that if the email had not been accepted by the recipient server, an error message would have been generated notifying the clerk's office that the email had not been delivered. The log contained no such error message. Davis did not know what happened after the email was accepted by the recipient server.

William Hankins testified that he provided IT consulting services for appellant's counsel—the law firm of Odom & Barlow P.A.—beginning in 2007. In 2011, about two months after the firm installed its Microsoft Exchange server with a built-in email filtering system, the email filtering system was configured to drop and permanently delete emails perceived to be spam without alerting the recipient that the email was deleted. Hankins advised Richard Barlow that the firm's email system should not be configured to permanently drop and delete emails without alerting the recipient that the email was dropped because the built-in spam filtering on the server was very unreliable and created the risk of identifying and filtering legitimate emails as spam (false positives). Although Hankins believed that it was better to hire a third party that handled spam filtering on a full-time basis, Barlow rejected his recommendation to use a third-party vendor because he did not want to spend the extra money.

Hankins reviewed the transaction logs from the clerk's server to Odom & Barlow's server and concluded that the order assessing attorneys' fees was properly delivered to the Odom & Barlow server. Hankins opined that it was possible that the server deleted the email as spam.

In 2015, Hankins recommended that the firm get an online backup system that would have cost approximately $700 to $1200 a year. This recommendation was rejected. Eventually, Hankins stopped working for Odom & Barlow because the firm rejected his recommendations.

Stephen Reyes testified that he was a shareholder in the firm of Saltmarsh, Cleveland & Gund and managed the information system consulting arms of the firm. Reyes reviewed the email log printouts provided by the clerk's office and saw no evidence that the clerk's office made any mistake or was negligent in the service of the emails in question. He also reviewed five work stations and a server at the law firm of Odom & Barlow, did not find any of the emails, and did not find any evidence of destruction of the emails.

Reyes conceded that it was fairly unusual for a company to configure their system to not create any email logs and that if the server had been configured differently, he could have had complete logs from the period in question to determine whether the server had received the emails from the clerk's server. He also noted that the server was not configured to back up data or configuration files and that it was unusual for a business to operate a server system with absolutely no back up or disaster recovery process. If the server had backup data or configuration files, this would have provided information about additional emails and correspondence and changes in the email system itself. He suggested that a law firm that maintained confidential and highly sensitive information for clients have a backup or disaster recovery process.

Reyes could not make a definitive determination whether the emails from the clerk's office were received by Odom & Barlow's server because the firm did not maintain logs or archive or backup emails. If he had complete logs, he would have been able to determine whether the emails had been received. However, Reyes acknowledged that the absence of any error messages, bounce-backs, or retries in the clerk's server logs made it more likely that the emails were received by Odom & Barlow's server. Moreover, if Odom & Barlow's server had received other emails from the clerk's server, this would indicate that there was effective communication between the two systems. Given the totality of the information he had, Reyes believed that it was more likely than not that the server received the emails.

James Todd testified that he helped design, implement, and support email systems. Todd explained that when sending an email, the sending server would look up the recipient server and establish a connection with the recipient server to make sure it was there and accepting messages. If there were no issues, the recipient server would send an "okay" message for the sending server to transmit the data. Once the data was received, the recipient server would send an "okay" message letting the sending server know that it got the data. This activity was referred to as a "handshake," after which everything was under the control of the recipient. Todd testified that this was the equivalent of placing a piece of mail into a mailbox.

Todd reviewed the transaction logs from the clerk's server to Odom & Barlow's server and concluded that an email attaching an order assessing attorneys' fees was properly delivered to and received by the Odom & Barlow server on March 20, 2014, without any error messages or bounce-backs. According to Todd, after the handshake, an email went through any email filtering system that was in place. An email filtering system could be configured to delete emails perceived to be spam and to alert recipients of the receipt of email identified as spam. These settings were in the exclusive control of the email recipient. Thus, after a handshake occurred, the email could be filtered out as spam or delivered to the recipient.

Based on the information he reviewed, Todd concluded that the law firm of Odom & Barlow did not properly implement and utilize its email filtering system. It was his understanding that Odom & Barlow's email filtering system was set to drop and delete emails identified as spam. He did not recommend this setup to any business of any kind because it resulted in data loss. In fact, he testified that he would require the client to sign a waiver exonerating him from responsibility if the client insisted on implementing such an email filtering system.

Joe Fixel, lead counsel for appellee, testified that his firm filed a motion for attorneys' fees that was the subject of a hearing in January 2013. At the conclusion of the hearing, the trial court asked the parties to submit proposed orders. The court did not enter its own orders until March 2014. While they were waiting for the court to act, Fixel's office had a protocol where an assigned paralegal would check the court's website every three weeks to see if the court had taken any action or entered any orders. Fixel also contacted opposing counsel, Richard Barlow, and suggested they file a joint motion for a case management conference to make sure the case had not slipped through the cracks. When Barlow categorically refused to join such a motion, he consulted with co-counsel who filed a motion for status conference. However, before the status conference occurred, the orders were received by email by all three attorneys and the paralegal who were assigned to the case at his firm. When the attorneys' fees award had not been paid within thirty days as ordered by the court, his paralegal contacted opposing counsel, whose office requested copies of the orders.

At the hearing, appellant argued that it was entitled to relief from the attorneys' fees order because it never received the order in time to file a timely appeal. Appellee responded that appellant was not entitled to relief because appellant's ability to file a timely appeal was not hindered by any action attributable to the trial court or the clerk, but was attributable to the actions of appellant's counsel. Afterwards, the trial court entered an order denying relief. This appeal followed.

Under Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.540(b), Florida courts have discretion to set aside a final judgment, decree, order, or proceeding based on ...