Estate of Nagel, Matter of

• Decision Date: 26 December 1997
• Docket Number: No. 96CA1737,96CA1737
• Citation: 950 P.2d 693
• Parties: 97 CJ C.A.R. 3428 In the Matter of the ESTATE OF Lydia Margaret NAGEL, a/k/a Lydia M. Nagel, Deceased. HEALTH MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, INC., on Behalf of the STATE of Colorado, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH CARE POLICY AND FINANCING, Petitioner-Appellee, v. Nina I. RAMSER, as Personal Representative of the Estate of Lydia Margaret Nagel, a/k/a, Respondent-Appellant. . II
• Court: Colorado Court of Appeals

Page 693

950 P.2d 693

97 CJ C.A.R. 3428

In the Matter of the ESTATE OF Lydia Margaret NAGEL, a/k/a

Lydia M. Nagel, Deceased.

HEALTH MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, INC., on Behalf of the STATE of

Colorado, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH CARE POLICY AND FINANCING, Petitioner-Appellee, v. Nina I. RAMSER, as Personal Representative of the Estate of

Lydia Margaret Nagel, a/k/a, Respondent-Appellant.

No. 96CA1737.

Colorado Court of Appeals,

Div. II.

Dec. 26, 1997.

Machol & Johannes, P.C., James A. Kaplan, Denver, for Petitioner-Appellee.

Dolan and Associates, Michael A. Dolan, Frederic J. Flemings, III, Brighton, for Respondent-Appellant.

Opinion by Judge ROTHENBERG.

Respondent, Nina I. Ramser, as personal representative of the Estate of Lydia Margaret Nagel (the Estate), appeals from the judgment in favor of petitioner, Health Management Systems, Inc. (HMS). We vacate the judgment and remand with directions to strike the petition.

HMS is a private corporation under contract with the State of Colorado to aid in the recovery of medical assistance payments. In 1995, it filed a claim with the Estate to recover Medicaid payments allegedly paid on behalf of the decedent pursuant to Colorado's Medical Assistance Estate Recovery Program. See 42 U.S.C. § 1396p (1994) and § 26 -4 -403.3, C.R.S.1997.

After the personal representative disallowed the claim, HMS filed a petition in the district court for allowance of the claim. The petition was signed and submitted on HMS' behalf by an individual who was not an attorney.

The personal representative moved to strike the petition as void because HMS was not represented by an attorney at the time it was filed. HMS then appeared through counsel and opposed the motion to strike. However, it did not seek to amend its petition to correct the alleged defect. The district court denied the motion to strike and, following a trial, it allowed HMS' claim and entered judgment in its favor.

The personal representative contends the trial court erred in denying her motion to strike because HMS' petition was not signed by an attorney. We agree.

Generally, a corporation may appear in a court of record only through an attorney. Subject to certain exceptions, proceedings commenced or prosecuted and pleadings filed by a corporation without an attorney are a nullity and will be stricken. See Bennie v. Triangle Ranch Co., 73 Colo. 586, 216 P. 718 (1923); Woodford Manufacturing Co. v. A.O.Q., Inc., 772 P.2d 652 (Colo.App.1989), cert. denied as improvidently granted, 797 P.2d 748 (Colo.1990); BQP Industries, Inc. v. State Board of Equalization, 694 P.2d 337 (Colo.App.1984). See also § 12-5-101, C.R.S.1997.

HMS concedes that no statutory exception applies and that a pleading executed and filed by a non-attorney employee on behalf of a corporation normally would be null and void. However, HMS urges us to create judicially an exception to the general rule as occurred in BQP Industries v. State Board of Equalization, supra.

In BQP Industries, various corporations filed taxation assessment appeals with the Colorado State Board of Assessment Appeals (BAA) and the forms initiating the appeals were signed by non-attorney corporate employees. At issue there, as here, was the validity of the appeal forms.

After acknowledging the general rule which requires corporations to have counsel, the panel concluded that the forms nevertheless did not have to be stricken. Specifically, it held that the preparation and filing of the...