Hendrix v. Norris, 95-3292

• Decision Date: 22 April 1996
• Docket Number: No. 95-3292,95-3292
• Citation: 81 F.3d 805
• Parties: Charles R. HENDRIX, Appellee, v. Larry NORRIS, Director, Arkansas Department of Correction, Appellant.
• Court: U.S. Court of Appeals — Eighth Circuit

Page 805

81 F.3d 805

Charles R. HENDRIX, Appellee, v. Larry NORRIS, Director, Arkansas Department of Correction, Appellant.

No. 95-3292.

United States Court of Appeals,

Eighth Circuit.

Submitted March 11, 1996.

Decided April 22, 1996.

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Western District of Arkansas. Hon. Bobby E. Sheppherd, Judge.

Olan Warren Reeves, Senior Assistant Attorney General of Arkansas, argued, for appellant.

Thomas L. Williams, argued, Hot Springs, AR, for appellee.

Before MAGILL, HEANEY, and MORRIS SHEPPARD ARNOLD, Circuit Judges.

MAGILL, Circuit Judge.

Charles R. Hendrix brought this 28 U.S.C. § 2254 action in the United States District Court for the Western District of Arkansas, ¹ petitioning for a writ of habeas corpus against the Director of the Arkansas Department of Correction (Director). Hendrix alleged that the Director was improperly requiring him to serve consecutive state and federal sentences, when the sentences should have been concurrent. The district court found that Hendrix was entitled to relief and granted the writ of habeas corpus. We vacate the district court's judgment and remand to the district court to consider his petition for a writ of habeas corpus as a petition for a writ of error coram nobis.

I.

On December 2, 1991, Hendrix pled guilty in Arkansas state court to one count of breaking and entering, two counts of burglary, and one count of robbery. In accordance with a plea agreement, Hendrix was sentenced to concurrent six- and twenty-year sentences. On January 23, 1992, Hendrix pled guilty in the United States District Court for the Western District of Arkansas to being a felon in possession of a firearm in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 922(g). He was sentenced to a term of thirty months imprisonment and three years supervised relief, and ordered to pay a $1000 fine. Hendrix's federal public defender, who did not represent him in state court, advised the federal court that any problems with the concurrency of Hendrix's state and federal sentences could be resolved in state court. In its sentence, the district court did not address whether Hendrix's federal sentence was to be served concurrently with his state sentence. The Arkansas state court issued an amended judgment and order on February 3, 1992, declaring that the December 2, 1991 sentences were to run concurrently with Hendrix's federal sentence.

Hendrix began serving his state sentences. In July 1992, Hendrix was told by the Arkansas Department of Corrections that he was to serve his federal sentence consecutively to his state sentences, and that the Federal Bureau of Prisons would not accept him until he had served his Arkansas sentence. Hendrix moved to withdraw his state guilty plea, alleging that the state had breached his plea agreement because his federal sentence was not concurrent to his state sentences. Hendrix's motion was denied in state court, and he did not appeal.

Hendrix brought the instant action in July 1994, again alleging that the state had breached his plea agreement. Following an evidentiary hearing, the district court held that, while Hendrix had failed to pursue all available state postconviction relief, it would exercise its "equitable power to look beyond a state procedural bar and proceed to the merits of a habeas corpus petition." Mem. Op. at 7 (quoting McCleskey v. Zant, 499 U.S. 467, 490, 111 S.Ct. 1454, 1468, 113 L.Ed.2d 517 (1991)). The district court then found that Hendrix had entered his guilty plea in reliance on the plea agreement that his state and federal sentences would run concurrently, and that the plea agreement had been effectively breached by the consecutive running of the sentences. This breach invalidated Hendrix's guilty plea and entitled him to relief. The district court ordered the Director to release Hendrix from state custody to the custody of the Federal Bureau of Prisons in order for Hendrix to serve his federal sentence. Upon the completion of his federal sentence, Hendrix was to be returned to state custody, to serve the rest of his state sentences.

II.

When considering a petition for a writ of habeas corpus, we review the district court's legal conclusions de novo. Dodd v. Nix, 48 F.3d 1071, 1073 (8th Cir.1995).

We find no grounds for a successful habeas action against the state in this case. Pursuant to a plea agreement, Hendrix pled guilty to several serious criminal charges, and received a far lighter sentence than he might have received had his case gone to trial. See Appellant's App. at 66 (sixty-six-year possible sentence). To date, Hendrix has served only a fraction of his six-and twenty-year concurrent sentences in state custody. Rather than breaching its agreement with Hendrix, the state scrupulously honored the plea bargain: the state requested that Hendrix serve his state sentences concurrently with his federal sentence, and the state court entered such an order. That federal prosecutors did not make a similar request in federal court does not mean that the state breached its plea agreement; "state prosecutors cannot bind federal prosecutors without the latter's knowledge and consent." United States v. Fuzer, 18 F.3d 517, 520 (7th Cir.1994). Neither is the state court responsible for the federal court's imposition of a consecutive sentence: the discretion of a federal sentencing court cannot be limited by a state court's judgment. See United States v. Adair, 826 F.2d 1040, 1041 (11th Cir.1987) (per curiam) (federal court could impose sentence consecutive to state sentence, although state court had imposed a concurrent sentence).

We disagree with the district court's conclusion that Hendrix's guilty plea in the state court was invalid. We assume, without accepting, that the state court's apparent failure to warn Hendrix that the federal court need not impose a concurrent sentence could result in an invalid guilty plea. See, e.g., Finch v....