Jeanes v. Jeanes

• Decision Date: 11 November 1970
• Docket Number: No. 19127,19127
• Citation: 177 S.E.2d 537,255 S.C. 161
• Court: South Carolina Supreme Court
• Parties: Mendel C. JEANES, Respondent, v. Mae B. JEANES, Appellant.

Page 537

177 S.E.2d 537

255 S.C. 161

Mendel C. JEANES, Respondent, v. Mae B. JEANES, Appellant.

No. 19127.

Supreme Court of South Carolina.

Nov. 11, 1970.

Isadore S. Bernstein, Columbia, for appellant.

Walter S. Monteith, J. Reese Daniel, Columbia, for respondent.

BUSSEY, Justice.

In this proceeding in the Richland County Court the respondent husband seeks to be relieved from liability for the payment of alimony in the amount of $75.00 per month to his divorced wife, the appellant. The parties were divorced by a decree of the said court on June 17, 1966, the husband being the plaintiff and winning a divorce from the wife on the ground of physical cruelty. Such decree relieved the husband of any obligation for the support and maintenance of the wife but left open for negotiation and settlement between the parties, through their respective attorneys, a division of their real and personal property.

The wife appealed, but before the appeal was perfected, attorneys for the parties reported to the court that an agreement had been reached with respect to the real and personal property and, that in reaching said agreement, it had been agreed that the husband would pay the wife the sum of $75.00 per month, towards her support and maintenance, to continue until the death of either of the parties or until the remarriage of the wife, whichever should sooner occur. The court thereupon issued a supplemental order approving the property settlement between the parties, the details of which do not appear in either the order or the record, and directing and ordering the husband to pay alimony to the wife in accordance with the above mentioned agreement, such as to alimony being set forth in the order in considerable detail.

In this proceeding, the petition of the husband alleged that the wife had remarried and that accordingly he was entitled to an order of the court relieving him from paying any further money for the support and maintenance of his former wife. The wife apparently entered a special appearance for the purpose of contesting the jurisdiction of the court, but has since abandoned such contention. In her return, she denied her remarriage. She also moved for a change of venue to the county of her residence, which motion was denied.

A hearing before the Honorable John A. Mason, Judge of the Richland County Court, was commenced on August 19, 1969, and on September 25, 1969, he issued his order granting the prayer of the petition and further ordering that the appellant wife be thereafter 'deprived of the right to seek alimony, support, property settlement or benefits whatsoever from Mendel C. Jeanes, based upon the marriage' which theretofore existed. From such order the wife appeals upon fourteen exceptions.

In our view, a just, proper and equitable disposition of this appeal can be reached without dealing in any detail with appellant's numerous exceptions or a full discussion of all the questions, somewhat variously stated by the parties.

At the outset it should not even be necessary to state that actions for divorce or for separate support and maintenance are proceedings in equity. Any proceedings to modify or terminate orders or decrees in such actions are likewise within the jurisdiction of the court of equity. Contrary to one contention of the appellant, the fact that a decree for alimony was based upon an agreement of the parties does not defeat the jurisdiction of an equity court to make changes or modifications when the circumstances so justify. The agreement of the parties here as to alimony became merged in the supplemental decree and, therefore, lost its contractual nature, at least to the extent that the court has the power to modify the decree, if such modification be warranted. Ex parte Jeter, 193 S.C. 278, 8 S.E.2d 490.

The power to modify or vacate a particular order with reference to alimony is vested solely and exclusively in the court which issued the order. Porter v. Porter, 246 S.C. 332, 143 S.E.2d 619.

The principal, if not the only, issue made by the pleadings was whether or not the appellant wife had in fact remarried. The respondent husband did not seek to prove a ceremonial marriage by the wife, but only to prove her common law marriage to one Jesse M. Swygert.

Judge Mason did not find as a fact that the wife had remarried and indicated his unwillingness or inability to so find by the following language,

'Although the court cannot say that a legal and binding contract of marriage exists between the said Mae B. Jeanes and Jesse M. Swygert, it is clear * * *.'

He went on, however, to find that these parties had been living together in the same abode for more than two years; that they had both held themselves out to be husband and wife, and that the appellant had deliberately given false and misleading testimony to cover or hide her illicit relationship with the said Jesse M. Swygert. The Judge then concluded that such conduct of the appellant wife justified the court in terminating her alimony payments, independently of whether she had, in fact, remarried.

The briefs of the parties argue at some length the question of whether the court had the power to terminate the alimony of the wife on the ground of misconduct, the court not having found that she had, in fact, remarried, as asserted by the husband. No South Carolina case in point on this question has been cited and it would appear that the authorities from other jurisdictions are not in complete accord as to whether or not and under what circumstances misconduct of a wife, subsequent to a divorce, will work a forfeiture of her right to alimony. 24 Am.Jur.2d 801 et seq., Divorce and Separation, Secs. 685 et seq.; Annotation 6 A.L.R.2d 859. We do not deem it necessary, however, to discuss or decide this particular question.

We are satisfied that the lower court reached the correct result and under our Rule No. 4, Sec. 8, it is appropriate for us to affirm upon any ground appearing in the record. This is an equitable proceeding and it is well settled that this court has the jurisdiction and the power to find the facts in accord with its view of the preponderance or greater weight of the evidence, at least in the absence of a jury verdict. See cases collected in West's South Carolina Digest, Appeal and Error k1009. Although the lower court was reluctant to so find, we are convinced that a common law marriage of the appellant wife to Jesse M. Swygert was established by the clear preponderance and greater weight of the evidence.

The following facts are either admitted or uncontradicted. The appellant and Swygert had been occupying the same abode for more than two years prior to the hearing below, Swygert not being a boarder or roomer but contributing to the expenses. The Columbia City Directories for the years 1968 and 1969 listed the appellant and the said Swygert as husband and wife residing together. The appellant's Post Office Box number 333, Cayce, South Carolina, was registered in the name of Mae Jeanes Swygert as of June 30, 1968. As of June 1, 1967, the records of Swygert's employer listed the appellant as Swygert's wife and she was listed as his wife and beneficiary in a group life insurance policy issued by Aetna Life Insurance Company. Swygert, in 1967 and 1968, listed a wife on his State Income Tax Returns, and on the 1967 return gave his wife's address as P.O. Box 333, Cayce, South Carolina, which, as above noted, is the Post Office Box of the appellant. There is additional evidence of appellant herself telling people that she had married Jesse Swygert and showing her rings, which is, however, denied by appellant.

The foregoing facts are clearly sufficient to support a finding of a common law marriage entered into by and between the appellant and Swygert. There is a strong presumption in favor of marriage by cohabitation, apparently matrimonial, coupled with social acceptance over a long period of time. In re Greenfield's Estate, 245 S.C. 595, 141 S.E.2d 916.

'A man and woman...