Mallory, In re, 84-930
Decision Date | 24 April 1985 |
Docket Number | No. 84-930,84-930 |
Citation | 17 Ohio St.3d 34,17 OBR 28,476 N.E.2d 1045 |
Parties | , 17 O.B.R. 28 In re Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus for MALLORY. |
Court | Ohio Supreme Court |
Hyman Friedman, County Public Defender, Gail Gianasi Natale and Gary W. Puzin, Cleveland, for appellee.
John T. Corrigan, Prosecuting Atty., and John B. Gibbons, Cleveland, for appellant.
In an appeal as of right from a judgment of the court of appeals involving an extraordinary writ, this court will consider the case as if the action originally had been filed here. See State ex rel. Halloran v. Zapatony (1984), 15 Ohio St.3d 73, at fn. 2, 472 N.E.2d 357.
The facts in this case are undisputed. The appellee was held in the custody of the Sheriff of Cuyahoga County pursuant to the revocation order. That order resulted from the appellee's conviction on a second charge two years after probation was imposed. The parties differ however, as to whether the trial court was retroactively divested of jurisdiction to direct appellee's confinement and whether collateral attack through habeas corpus is the proper means to test the validity of his incarceration.
Appellee argues that although the court had jurisdiction at the time of the hearing, it lost jurisdiction when the 1982 conviction was reversed and the charges were dropped, thus rendering the revocation proceedings a nullity.
The state contends that The state acknowledges that "[t]he judgment revoking petitioner's probation rested upon the continued validity of the under lying [sic ] conviction." It contends, however, that "[o]nce the under lying [sic ] conviction and subsequent dismissal was [sic ] removed, the judgment revoking probation still remained a valid judgment, although it was subject to direct attack as being a voidable judgment. * * * "
In In re Lockhart (1952), 157 Ohio St. 192, 105 N.E.2d 35 , paragraphs two and three of the syllabus, this court held:
In Stahl v. Shoemaker (1977), 50 Ohio St.2d 351, at 354, 364 N.E.2d 286 , we observed: " * * * Although the writ is available to parties who unlawfully are deprived of their liberty, it is unavailable to those deprived of their freedom pursuant to a lawful criminal sentence."
It, of course, is conceded that at the time appellee's probation was revoked, the court had jurisdiction. But when the court of appeals reversed the conviction and remanded the case, it placed appellee in the position of one not convicted. Appellee, then, was clothed with the presumption of innocence. The probation revocation was premised on a judgment which later became a nullity. Consequently, the order was rendered ineffective and void.
While this court has not before considered an issue such as this, the court of appeals, in In re Anderson (1978), 55 Ohio App.2d 199, 380 N.E.2d 368 , addressed a related question. The court said at 201, 380 N.E.2d 368:
The trial court had a duty to terminate the unauthorized incarceration resulting from the reversal of the 1982 conviction. Appellee did make an appropriate motion to vacate the sentence, but the motion was not ruled upon, apparently because the trial court felt it lacked jurisdiction to do so. Such jurisdiction, however, was not lacking. In Van DeRyt v. Van DeRyt (1966), 6 Ohio St.2d 31, at 36, 215 N.E.2d 698 , we explained: ...
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