Maxwell v. Iowa State Highway Com'n
Decision Date | 09 March 1937 |
Docket Number | 43189. |
Citation | 271 N.W. 883,223 Iowa 159 |
Parties | MAXWELL et al. v. IOWA STATE HIGHWAY COMMISSION et al. |
Court | Iowa Supreme Court |
Appeal from District Court, Jasper County; Frank Bechly, Judge.
This is an appeal from an award of damages in a condemnation proceeding. From a verdict and judgment of $7,250 in favor of plaintiffs, defendants appeal.
Reversed.
Superseding opinion in 265 N.W. 899.
John H. Mitchell, Atty. Gen., Henry N. Graven, Sp. Asst. Atty Gen., and M. R. Hammer, Jr., of Newton, for appellants.
Korf & Korf and Cross & Hamill, all of Newton, for appellees.
The defendants appeal from a judgment of $7,250 for the taking of 10 1/2 acres of farm land in a condemnation proceeding. An opinion in this court affirming the judgment of the lower court was filed on February 20, 1936, in Maxwell v. Iowa State Highway Commission, 265 N.W. 899.A petition for a rehearing was later filed therein, and rehearing granted; the former opinion is, therefore, hereby withdrawn and the following substituted in lieu thereof.
The facts in this case have been fairly and fully set out in the former opinion to which reference is hereby made for a further consideration thereof.
Briefly stated, the case involves an appeal from an award of damages in a condemnation proceeding commenced by the Iowa State Highway Commission. The Highway Commission was not satisfied with the award of the sheriff's jury, and appealed to the district court of Jasper county. The trial in that court resulted in a verdict of $7,250 in favor of plaintiffs, and is the subject of this and the former appeal herein.
It is contended that the trial court erred in not limiting the jury to a consideration of the elements of damage specifically alleged in the pleadings as the measure of damages, and that an instruction to that effect was required by the provisions of Section 7841-c1 of the Code of 1935.
This section provides as follows:
It must be remembered that in original condemnation proceedings no formal pleadings are required, but after an award is made either party feeling aggrieved thereby may appeal to the district court; and this section simply provides for written pleadings on such appeal. We have heretofore held that this rule does not change the measure of damages existing prior to the adoption of this statute.
As stated in the original opinion, 265 N.W. 899, loc. cit. 906,
The court correctly stated the rule on measure of damages in several different instructions, as being the difference between the reasonable value of the farm immediately before the condemnation and immediately thereafter. This is the well-settled rule of law in this state as announced by numerous decisions prior to the adoption of section 7841-c1. Ranck v. City of Cedar Rapids, 134 Iowa, 563, 111 N.W. 1027; Watters v. Platt, 184 Iowa, 203, 168 N.W. 808; Gregory v. Kirkman Independent School Dist., 193 Iowa, 579, 187 N.W. 553; Des Moines W. W. Laundry v. City of Des Moines, 197 Iowa, 1082, 198 N.W. 486, 34 A.L.R. 1517.
In all of these cases evidence tending to show specific items of damage to the property condemned is held admissible as bearing upon the question of the value of the property immediately before and immediately after the condemnation, and all evidence of such damage is properly considered by the jury in arriving at the measure of damages, and not for the purpose of creating an issue as to each specific item of damage pleaded or proven.
In Ranck v. City of Cedar Rapids, 134 Iowa, 563, loc. cit. 565, 111 N.W. 1027, 1028, this court said:
This has also been declared to be the rule after the adoption of section 7841-c1. Dean v. State, 211 Iowa, 143, 233 N.W. 36; Welton v. Iowa State Highway Comm., 211 Iowa, 625, 233 N.W. 876; Randell v. Iowa State Highway Comm., 214 Iowa, 1, 241 N.W. 685.
This rule is adhered to in Randell v. Iowa State Highway Comm., 214 Iowa, 1, 241 N.W. 685. The effect of section 7841-c1 is not to make each specific item of damage alleged a separate issue, the sum total of which is to make up the amount of damage to be awarded.
As stated in the former opinion, 265 N.W. 899, loc. cit. 906,
In Randell v. Iowa State Highway Comm., 214 Iowa, 1, loc. cit. 9-11, 241 N.W. 685, 689, decided after the adoption of section 7841-c1, and in which that section was considered, this court said:
The court in this case also cites with approval the case of Ranck v. City of Cedar Rapids, 134 Iowa, 563, 111 N.W. 1027, hereinabove referred to.
This rule was also reaffirmed after the adoption of section 7841-c1 in Welton v. Iowa State Highway Comm., 211 Iowa, 625, loc. cit. 638, 233 N.W. 876, 884, where this court said: " There is but one issue in this case, and that involves the difference in the reasonable market value between the plaintiff's farm taken as a whole immediately before and immediately after the condemnation proceedings."
In view of the rule given by the court on the measure of damages in its instructions as a whole, we find no error in the court's failure to limit the jury to the specific elements of damage pleaded.
Appellants also contend that the court erred in giving instruction No. 4, in which the court said: " The real right of which the property owner is deprived in the exercise of eminent domain and for which under our constitution he is entitled to be compensated, is the right of remaining in the undisturbed possession and enjoyment of his property."
Of course, this instruction is merely preliminary to later instructions given on the measure of damages. We have carefully examined the instructions on the measure of damages as referred to in the preceding division of this opinion, and find from such examination that the court correctly instructed the jury on the measure of damages, which is the difference between the reasonable market value of the property immediately before the condemnation proceedings were had and immediately thereafter.
The instruction complained of, while it might better have been omitted, is simply an abbreviated definition of the term " eminent domain," which means that a person cannot be deprived of his property for public purposes without just...
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