McCoy v. WINN DIXIE STORES, INC., A99A1003.

• Decision Date: 26 May 1999
• Docket Number: No. A99A1003.,A99A1003.
• Citation: 238 Ga. App. 543,519 S.E.2d 689
• Parties: McCOY et al. v. WINN DIXIE STORES, INC.
• Court: Georgia Court of Appeals

519 S.E.2d 689

238 Ga. App. 543

McCOY et al. v. WINN DIXIE STORES, INC.

No. A99A1003.

Court of Appeals of Georgia.

May 26, 1999.

Reconsideration Denied June 14, 1999.

Certiorari Denied October 22, 1999.

Lane & Jarriel, Walter J. Lane, Jr., Robert H. Malone III, Macon, for appellants.

Clyatt, Clyatt, Wallace & DeVaughn, Robert M. Clyatt, Valdosta, Carl G. Fulp III, for appellee.

BLACKBURN, Presiding Judge.

In this slip and fall action, Kenneth F. McCoy appeals the trial court's grant of summary judgment to Winn Dixie Stores, Inc., contending that the trial court improperly presumed that he had knowledge of the puddle which caused his fall because he had walked across it moments earlier. For the reasons set forth below, we reverse.

Summary judgment is proper when there is no genuine issue of material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. OCGA § 9-11-56(c). A de novo standard of review applies to an appeal from a grant [or denial] of summary judgment, and we view the evidence, and all reasonable conclusions and inferences drawn from it, in the light most favorable to the nonmovant.

Matjoulis v. Integon Gen. Ins. Corp., 226 Ga.App. 459(1), 486 S.E.2d 684 (1997).

Viewed in this light, the record shows that McCoy delivered a truckload of flour to the Crackin' Good Bakery, a subsidiary of Winn Dixie, in the early morning hours of June 23, 1993. Jimmie King, a bakery employee, informed McCoy that the flour intake pipe had to be set up, and that he would wave when things were ready. In order to see King's signal, McCoy followed Williams inside the bakery into an open four-story room where flour and sugar silos were housed. McCoy testified that the lighting inside the room was dim and that the silos threw shadows across the walls. McCoy walked approximately 100 feet into the room, waited for Williams' signal, and then turned to go out using approximately the same path by which he had entered. After taking a couple of steps, McCoy slipped and fell in a puddle of water, injuring his knee. McCoy deposed that he never saw the puddle prior to his fall.

[I]n order to recover for injuries sustained in a slip-and-fall action, an invitee must prove (1) that the defendant had actual or constructive knowledge of the hazard; and (2) that the plaintiff lacked knowledge of the hazard despite the exercise of ordinary care due to actions or conditions within the control of the owner/occupier.

Robinson v. Kroger Co., 268 Ga. 735, 749, 493 S.E.2d 403 (1997). In order to show that the plaintiff was negligent, a defendant must show "that the plaintiff intentionally and unreasonably exposed self [sic] to a hazard of which the plaintiff knew or, in the exercise of ordinary care, should have known." Id. In slip-and-fall actions, summary judgment is appropriate only in plain, palpable, and undisputed cases. Id. at 748, 493 S.E.2d 403.

Winn Dixie does not dispute that it had knowledge of the puddle in which McCoy slipped prior to his fall, and it concedes that McCoy has satisfied prong one of the Robinson standard. Nevertheless, Winn Dixie contends that McCoy cannot satisfy prong two of the Robinson standard because he had previously traversed the puddle without incident just prior...