NLRB v. Crown Laundry & Dry Cleaners, Inc.
Decision Date | 22 January 1971 |
Docket Number | No. 24535.,24535. |
Citation | 437 F.2d 290 |
Parties | NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD, Petitioner, v. CROWN LAUNDRY & DRY CLEANERS, INC., and Gulf Linen Service, Inc., Respondents. |
Court | U.S. Court of Appeals — Fifth Circuit |
Marcel Mallet-Prevost, Asst. Gen. Counsel, NLRB, Paul Elkind, Atty., NLRB, Washington, D. C., for petitioner.
Richard C. Keenan, New Orleans, La., for respondents.
Before JOHN R. BROWN, Chief Judge, and WISDOM and MORGAN, Circuit Judges.
This case comes to us on a petition filed by the National Labor Relations Board to adjudge the respondents, Crown Laundry & Dry Cleaners, Inc. and Gulf Linen Service, Inc.,1 in civil contempt of this Court for having failed and refused to comply with an order of this Court entered on November 10, 1967.
On July 14, 1965, the Board conducted an election to determine whether the Laundry, Dry Cleaning & Die House Workers' International Union, Local 218, would act as the bargaining representative for the employees of the Company. After losing the election, the Union filed objections with the Board. On August 26, 1966, the Board entered an order requiring the Company to cease and desist depriving its employees of the right to vote, free of any employer interference or coercion, in a Board election. The Board's order also set aside the first election and directed that a second election be held at an appropriate time. See 160 NLRB 746 (1966). On November 10, 1967, this Court entered its decision enforcing the Board's order. On May 29, 1968, the Board conducted the re-run election. The instant petition to adjudge the Company in civil contempt grew out of its conduct during the Union's organizational campaign just before the second election. In its petition the Board charged that the Company had once again "subverted the employees' freedom of choice by threatening, coercively interrogating, and promising benefits to employees and otherwise interfering with, restraining, and coercing them in the exercise of their statutory rights to self-organization." A panel of this Court then entered an order appointing a Special Master to conduct hearings and file a report with the Court.
I.
The Company does not contest the Special Master's findings of fact. It does, however, object to the Special Master's conclusion that the Company's pre-election conduct constituted violations of § 8(a) (1) of the National Labor Relations Act, 29 U.S.C. § 158(a) (1), and this Court's order of November 10, 1967. The Company argues that it has not refused to comply with the Court's order; instead, it took substantial steps to insure that its supervisory personnel would not violate the Act or the Court's order and it should not be penalized for a low-ranking supervisor (Baxter) getting out of hand. Since the Company has not intentionally and wilfully violated the Court's order, it argues, it should not be adjudged in contempt.
The Special Master based his conclusions upon findings that on several occasions Baxter, the Company's Plant Superintendent, threatened or coerced employees in connection with the second representation election. Seeking to prevent an adjudication of contempt, the Company points out that "Baxter was the lowest ranking supervisor in this very small plant (about 20 employees), the violations were not extensive, and Baxter had been explicitly instructed by President Belleau not to engage in such discussions with employees." Nevertheless, even accepting these allegations as true, the Company acted in contempt of this Court's order.
In a contempt proceeding the Board N. L. R. B. v. Laney & Duke Storage Warehouse Co., 5 Cir. 1970, 424 F.2d 109, 112. There can be no doubt that Baxter's repeated threats, questions, statements, and warnings constituted violations of § 8(a) (1) of the Act and this Court's decree. See, e. g., N. L. R. B. v. Borden Co., 5 Cir. 1968, 392 F.2d 412, 414 n. 4; N. L. R. B. v. Camco, Inc., 5 Cir. 1964, 340 F.2d 803, 804-807. Similarly, there can be no doubt that Baxter filled a responsible management position in the plant. Thus, unless the Company had effectively repudiated Baxter as a spokesman for management, it is responsible for his actions despite any explicit contrary instructions to him. N. L. R. B. v. American Mfg. Co. of Texas, 5 Cir. 1965, 351 F.2d 74, 78; cf. In re Winn-Dixie Stores, Inc., 5 Cir. 1967, 386 F.2d 309, 313; Hendrix Mfg. Co. v. N. L. R. B., 5 Cir. 1963, 321 F.2d 100, 104.
The absence of wilfulness on the part of the Company's top management cannot relieve the Company from civil contempt. The crucial issue in civil contempt proceedings, as distinguished from criminal contempt, is not the employer's state of mind but simply whether the Court's order was in fact violated. McComb v. Jacksonville Paper Co., 1949, 336 U.S. 187, 69 S.Ct. 497, 93 L.Ed. 599, 604; N. L. R. B. v. Lawley, 5 Cir. 1950, 182 F.2d 798, 800. Since clear and convincing evidence supports the Special Master's conclusion that the Company, through its agent Baxter, has violated the Act and this Court's earlier order, we have no choice but to adjudge the Company in civil...
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