People's Trust Ins. Co. v. First Call 24/7, Inc.
| Decision Date | 09 March 2022 |
| Docket Number | 4D21-1504 |
| Citation | 333 So.3d 1144 |
| Parties | PEOPLE'S TRUST INSURANCE COMPANY, Appellant, v. FIRST CALL 24/7, INC. a/a/o Michele Baoberg, Appellee. |
| Court | Florida District Court of Appeals |
Mark D. Tinker and Mary Lou Cuellar-Stilo of Cole, Scott & Kissane, P.A. Tampa, for appellant.
Earl I. Higgs, Jr. of Higgs Law, P.A., Orlando, for appellee.
We reverse an award of damages under a homeowner's insurance policy to the assignee of a homeowner because the homeowner failed to comply with a preferred contractor endorsement in the insurance policy.
The homeowner suffered water damage to her home. Her insurance policy with appellant People's Trust Insurance Company contained a preferred contractor endorsement. She notified People's Trust of the damage. After an inspection, People's Trust advised the homeowner that (1) coverage existed for her claim, and (2) pursuant to the endorsement, the company elected to use its preferred contractor to complete repairs.
The homeowner used appellee First Call 24/7, Inc., to make the repairs. People's Trust paid $6,800 to First Call for emergency services. People's Trust requested the homeowner to complete a work authorization for the remaining repairs, so that its preferred contractor could commence restoration services. The homeowner never authorized the work and People's Trust told her that she was in breach of the insurance contract.
First Call submitted an invoice to People's Trust for $19,863.96 for restoration services. People's Trust did not pay the bill, so First Call brought suit as the assignee of the homeowner. Both sides filed motions for summary judgment. The trial court denied the insurer's motion and granted First Call's, entering judgment for $10,988.02.
"The election-to-repair endorsement has been an established option for various Florida residential insurance policy forms for several years." People's Tr. Ins. Co. v. Franco , 305 So. 3d 579, 582 (Fla. 3d DCA 2020). "Under Florida law, ‘when the insurer makes its election to repair, that election is binding upon the insured and creates a new contract under which the insurer is bound to [perform repairs] within a reasonable time.’ " Vainberg v. Avatar Prop. & Cas. Ins. Co. , 321 So. 3d 231, 235 (Fla. 4th DCA 2021) (quoting Drew v. Mobile USA Ins. Co. , 920 So. 2d 832, 835 (Fla. 4th DCA 2006) ). Once "the option to repair has been invoked, the insured and the insurer would become parties to a separate repair contract wherein the insurer is obligated to perform repairs which will adequately return the insured property to its pre-loss condition." Id. (citing Siegle v. Progressive Consumers Ins. Co. , 819 So. 2d 732, 739 (Fla. 2002) ).
The homeowner reported her loss on May 1, 2017. People's Trust inspected the property on May 4, 2017. On May 25, 2017, within 30 days of the inspection, People's Trust timely notified the homeowner that (1) there was coverage for her reported loss, (2) People's Trust invoked its option to indemnify the homeowner by means of repair, and (3) People's Trust elected to use its preferred contractor to repair the property.
Because People's Trust timely invoked its option to repair, a new repair contract was formed binding the homeowner and obligating People's Trust's preferred contractor to perform the repairs within a reasonable time. People's Tr. Ins. Co. v. Tosar , 332 So. 3d 552, 559–60 (Fla. 3d DCA Dec. 15, 2021).
Once People's Trust exercised its option to repair, the homeowner was bound to execute all work authorizations to allow contractors and related parties entry to the property and to pay the deductible stated in the declaration page of the policy, pursuant to express conditions in the policy. The homeowner failed to execute the work authorization in spite of three requests by People's Trust. Such a failure was a material breach of the policy.
We reject the argument that post-loss duty number 51 obligated People's Trust to pay First Call the amount it would have paid its preferred contractor for the repairs. Post-loss duty number 5 applies only when the insured fails to notify the insurer of a loss and this failure to notify disallows the insurer from exercising its right to repair.
We agree with the analysis of post-loss duty number 5 in People's Trust Insurance Co. v. Tosar. There, the Third District analyzed that provision and determined that the insureds were not entitled to either hire their "own contractor to effectuate the repairs or to obtain a loss payment" when "People's Trust ha[d] exercised its right-to-repair option." 332 So. 3d at 561.
The Tosar court explained that "to obtain money damages for repairs," the insureds "must plead and prove – and the trial court must find – either that People's Trust improperly exercised the right to repair or that the endorsement is otherwise invalid, and that People's Trust breached the insurance contract." Id. at 560 (quoting People's Tr. Ins. Co. v. Santos , 320 So. 3d 910, 918 (Fla. 3d DCA 2021) ); see also , e.g. , Diaz v. Fla. Peninsula Ins. Co. , 204 So. 3d 460, 462 (Fla. 4th DCA 2016) ; Robinson v. Fla. Peninsula Ins. Co. , 178 So. 3d 947, 948 (Fla. 4th DCA 2015).
Regarding the argument that post-loss duty number 5 entitled First Call to what People's Trust would have paid its preferred contractor for repairs, the Tosar court applied canons of contract construction and found that post-loss duty number 5, although "not a model of clarity," "is not ambiguous," and "merely limits People's Trust's liability in the event the insureds fail to provide notice to People's Trust so as to frustrate the insurer's ability to exercise its right-to-repair option." 332 So.3d at 561. The Tosar court further explained:
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