People v. Lindsey

• Decision Date: 31 July 1969
• Docket Number: Cr. 14505
• Citation: 275 Cal.App.2d 340,79 Cal.Rptr. 880
• Court: California Court of Appeals Court of Appeals
• Parties: PEOPLE of the State of California, Plaintiff and Respondent, v. Robert LINDSEY, Defendant and Appellant.

Page 880

79 Cal.Rptr. 880

275 Cal.App.2d 340

PEOPLE of the State of California, Plaintiff and Respondent, v. Robert LINDSEY, Defendant and Appellant.

Cr. 14505.

Court of Appeal, Second District, Division 5, California.

July 31, 1969.

Douglas G. Gray, Los Angeles, under appointment by the Court of Appeal, for defendant and appellant.

Thomas C. Lynch, Atty. Gen., William E. James, Asst. Atty. Gen., and Gordon J. Rose, Deputy Atty. Gen., for plaintiff and respondent.

STEPHENS, Acting Presiding Justice.

By information filed April 4, 1967, defendant was charged with assault with a deadly weapon with intent to commit murder, in violation of Penal Code, section 217. Defendant pleaded not guilty. After a trial by jury, defendant was found guilty of assault with a deadly weapon, a lesser but necessarily included offense.

A probation report was ordered and a psychiatrist was appointed to examine defendant pursuant to Evidence Code, section 730. On July 6, at the time set for hearing the application for probation, defendant's motion for new trial limited to the issue of sanity at the time of the commission of the offense was granted, and two additional psychiatrists were appointed to examine defendant pursuant to Penal Code, section 1027. Trial on the issue of sanity was continued to July 27, 1967. On that date, defense counsel moved the court to vacate its order granting the motion for new trial and for what was thought to be the newly-entered plea of not guilty by reason of insanity. Permission was granted, and the prior order granting the motion for new trial was vacated. Proceedings were suspended and defendant was referred to Department 95 of the superior court for examination pursuant to sections 5550 and 5551 of the Welfare and Institutions Code. ¹ On August 2, 1967, defendant was committed to Camarillo State Hospital, where he remained until discharged on September 13, 1967. Defendant was then returned to court for further proceedings. On October 2, 1967, pursuant to defendant's motion, the court ordered a trial on the issue of present sanity under Penal Code, section 1368. On October 10, 1967, at the trial on the issue of sanity, the matter was submitted on the written reports on file and the court found defendant presently sane. At this time, defense counsel, in effect, again made a motion for new trial on the issue of sanity at the time of the commission of the offense and requested permission to enter a plea of not guilty by reason of insanity. ² This motion for new trial was ineffective in the light of the analysis hereinafter set forth; however, the motion and request were denied. Probation was denied, and defendant was sentenced to state prison for the term prescribed by law. This is an appeal from the judgment of conviction.

The facts upon which defendant's conviction rests establish that defendant stabbed a person during an altercation in a poolroom. The evidence is sufficient to support the conviction. Defendant unsuccessfully raised the issue of self defense. Certain statements made by defendant after his arrest were admitted into evidence without objection. The defendant now contends that these statements were subject to objection under the rule of Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436, 86 S.Ct. 1602, 19 L.Ed.2d 694. He also contends that the failure of defense counsel to object to introduction of the statements into evidence established incompetency of counsel and should now result in a reversal under the rule of People v. Ibarra, 60 Cal.2d 460, 34 Cal.Rptr. 863, 386 P.2d 487. Neither of these contentions is meritorious. Whether the statements were of such a voluntary nature as to be admissible was a question of fact. (People v. Ireland, 70 Cal.2d ---, ---, ^* 75 Cal.Rptr. 188, 450 P.2d 580.) There were reasonable inferences which could be drawn from the circumstances existing at the time defendant made his statements to establish them as voluntary. Defense counsel's failure to object clearly indicates he concluded that an objection would be ineffective, and the record strongly suggests the accuracy of that conclusion. This being the case, the Ibarra contention fails, and, there having been no objection posed at trial, the Miranda contention cannot now be raised. (People v. Myers, 262 Cal.App.2d 307, 311, 68 Cal.Rptr. 636.)

As previously indicated, at the time set for hearing on probation, defendant's motion for new trial was granted. An order granting the motion for new trial was duly entered in the minutes of the court, and all parties assumed that the plea of not guilty by reason of insanity had been entered. Two weeks, later, at the time set for retrial, the trial court, on motion of defense counsel, vacated its previous order granting the motion for new trial, and granted the defendant's motion to withdraw his plea of insanity. No appeal had been taken by the People from the order granting the initial motion. ³ At this point in time, the trial court was without jurisdiction to reconsider its previous ruling on the motion for new trial. (In re Levi, 39 Cal.2d 41, 45, 244 P.2d 403.) The cases are numberous in holding that "* * * it is well settled in this state that, when the trial court has made its order denying the motion for a new trial, 'the right to move for a new trial has thus been exercised and exhausted.' (Citations omitted.) Once a motion for a new trial has been ruled upon in a criminal case and an order made either granting or denying such application, the only remedy for the party deeming himself aggrieved is by an appeal from such order, for the court is without authority to entertain a subsequent motion the object of which is to change or vacate its former order." (People v. Collins, 97 Cal.App.2d 552, 554--555, 218 P.2d 87, 89; People v. Coronado, 57 Cal.App.2d 805, 815, 135 P.2d 647; People v. Paysen, 123 Cal.App. 396, 399, 11 P.2d 431; see also People v. Moore, 257 Cal.App.2d 740, 749, 65 Cal.Rptr. 450; People v. Pineda, 253 Cal.App.2d 443, 452, 62 Cal.Rptr. 144; cf. People v. Risenhoover, 240 Cal.App.2d 233, 49 Cal.Rptr. 526.) And in People v. Clifton, 270 Cal.App.2d ---, ---, ^** 76 Cal.Rptr. 193, 194; the court held; '(I)t was not proper for the trial judge to permit the second motion for a new trial. Before the imposition for the former judgment, Judge Myers had heard and denied a ...