Pugh v. POLICEMEN'S CIVIL SERVICE
| Decision Date | 03 December 2003 |
| Docket Number | No. 31232, 31233.,31232, 31233. |
| Citation | 214 W.Va. 498,590 S.E.2d 691 |
| Parties | The Honorable Emmitt S. PUGH, III, in his official capacity as Mayor of the City of Beckley, Petitioner Below, Appellee, v. The POLICEMEN'S CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION OF the CITY OF BECKLEY, Doug Epling, John White, and James A. Davis, duly appointed commissioners of the Policemen's Civil Service Commission for the City of Beckley, Respondents Below. and Sergeant Wesley C. Bowden, Respondent Below, Appellant. and The Honorable Emmitt S. Pugh, III, in his official capacity as Mayor of the City of Beckley, Petitioner Below, Appellee, v. The Policemen's Civil Service Commission of the City of Beckley, Doug Epling, John White, and James A. Davis, duly appointed commissioners of the Policemen's Civil Service Commission for the City of Beckley, Respondents Below, Appellants. and Sergeant Wesley C. Bowden, Respondent Below. |
| Court | West Virginia Supreme Court |
Concurring and Dissenting of Justice McGraw December 5, 2003.
Bernard A. Greer, Esq., Beckley, West Virginia, Attorney for Emmitt S. Pugh, III.
Mark Matkovich, Esq., Law Office of the City Attorney, Beckley, West Virginia, Attorney for the City of Beckley.
Benny G. Jones, Esq., Beckley, West Virginia, Attorney for Sgt. W.C. Bowden.
Forrest H. Roles, Esq., Mark A. Carter, Esq., Denise Lynn Avampato, Esq., Dinsmore & Shohl, Charleston, West Virginia, Attorney for The Policemen's Civil Service Commission, Doug Epling, John White and James A. Davis.
As chief executive officer of the City of Beckley, Mayor Emmitt S. Pugh, III, filed a petition seeking to prohibit the Policemen's Civil Service Commission for the City of Beckley from investigating whether a vacancy existed in the City of Beckley's Police Department.
The Raleigh County Circuit Court granted Mayor Pugh's petition barring the Policemen's Civil Service Commission from investigating whether a vacancy existed in the City's Police Department. Sergeant Wesley C. Bowden and the Policemen's Civil Service Commission appealed the circuit court's order granting a writ of prohibition. We reverse the circuit court's order, in part, and affirm it, in part.
Sergeant Wesley C. Bowden, a twenty-one-year member of the City of Beckley's Police Department, has held the rank of sergeant for more than four years. On April 18, 2002, Sergeant Bowden filed a "Petition for Promotion to Lieutenant" with the Policemen's Civil Service Commission for the City of Beckley ("the Commission"). In his petition, Sergeant Bowden alleged that a lieutenant had recently resigned from Beckley's Police Department, thereby, creating a vacancy in a lieutenant's position and that he, Sergeant Bowden, was the most qualified candidate. Sergeant Bowden requested that the Commission order the chief of Beckley's Police Department to promote him to the rank of lieutenant.
On May 2, 2002, Mayor Pugh, on behalf of the City of Beckley, filed a petition in circuit court seeking a writ of prohibition against the Commission and its commissioners. In his petition, the mayor alleged that no vacancy existed, that the Commission lacked jurisdiction over Sergeant Bowden's petition, and that the Commission had no authority to investigate whether a vacancy existed.
On May 17, 2002, the circuit court granted the writ of prohibition. In its order, the circuit court (1) prohibited the Commission from conducting "any proceedings to determine or declare whether a vacancy exists within the Police Department of the City of Beckley;" (2) voided "any purported subpoena or other investigatory mechanisms issued by the Respondent Commission for the purpose of conducting an investigation;" and (3) ordered that the "Respondent Commission shall conduct no further proceedings upon the `Petition for Promotion to Lieutenant[.]'" In a memorandum in support of its ruling, the circuit court also found that Mayor Pugh "in his capacity as mayor and chief executive officer of the city, determines whether a vacancy exists."
The Commission and Sergeant Bowden appealed the circuit court's ruling. We reverse, in part, and affirm, in part.
We review the circuit court's granting of a writ of prohibition under a de novo standard. "The standard of appellate review of a circuit court's order granting relief through the extraordinary writ of prohibition is de novo." Syllabus Point 1, Martin v. West Virginia Division of Labor Contractor Licensing Board, 199 W.Va. 613, 486 S.E.2d 782 (1997).
We have historically recognized that a writ of prohibition lies against an administrative tribunal where, in the performance of its quasi-judicial functions, it is attempting to exercise a power it does not possess. We also have recognized that lower tribunals have the authority to decide issues of fact that may or may not give rise to their jurisdiction.
For a writ of prohibition to issue preventing a quasi-judicial administrative tribunal from taking up a particular matter on the asserted basis of lack of jurisdiction, the petitioner must demonstrate that there is a clear limitation on the tribunal's jurisdiction, and that there are no disputed issues of fact such that the jurisdictional question may be decided purely as a matter of law. In other words, the prohibition remedy is available only where an administrative tribunal patently and unquestionably lacks jurisdiction over the matter pending before it.
Syllabus, Health Management, Inc. v. Lindell, 207 W.Va. 68, 528 S.E.2d 762 (1999).
W.Va.Code, 8-14-6 through -24 [1969] contains the police officers' civil service statute. "An underlying purpose of the police civil service statute ... is to give security to members of paid police departments of municipalities having a population of five thousand or more against the vicissitudes of municipal elections," Syllabus Point 4, in part, Dougherty v. City of Parkersburg, 138 W.Va. 1, 76 S.E.2d 594 (1952), and "to provide for a complete and all-inclusive system for the appointment, promotion, reduction, removal and reinstatement of all officers[.]" Syllabus Point 5, in part, Dougherty.
In W.Va.Code, 8-14-10(3) [1969], the Legislature vested police commissions with broad powers to investigate "concerning all matters touching the enforcement and effect of the civil service provisions of this article... and, in the course of such investigations, each commissioner shall have the power to administer oaths and affirmations, and to take testimony." W.Va.Code, 8-14-10(4) endows police commissions with "the power to subpoena and [to] require the attendance of witnesses, and the production thereby of books and papers pertinent to the investigations and inquiries herein authorized, and examine them and such public records as it shall require[.]"
Although the Legislature has vested police civil service commissions with broad investigatory powers, as a statutorily-created entity, there are limits to a police commission's authority. Syllabus Point 3, State ex rel. City of Huntington v. Lombardo, 149 W.Va. 671, 143 S.E.2d 535 (1965).
Nevertheless, police commissions serve as a counterbalance to the mayor's broad authority. The purpose of the police officers' civil service statute "would be frustrated if the appointing officer has unbridled discretion to make arbitrary employment decisions." Major v. DeFrench, 169 W.Va. 241, 257, 286 S.E.2d 688, 698 (1982). The police officers' civil service statute grants the authority to call witnesses, issue subpoenas, examine records, and otherwise reasonably inquire into petitions touching on all matters concerning the police officers' civil service statute. To hold that the Commission has no authority to do more than ask the mayor's office whether a vacancy exists would run counter to the broad mandate granted to police civil service commissions by the Legislature.1 Developing a factual record to determine whether a vacancy should be declared is clearly within the Commission's jurisdiction.
Therefore, we find that the circuit court erred in finding that the Policemen's Civil Service Commission did not have the jurisdiction to investigate whether a vacancy should be declared.
Having determined that the Commission has the authority to investigate whether a vacancy should be declared, we now turn to the issue of declaring and filling vacancies.
W.Va.Code, 8-14-15 [1969] states, in part, that: "[t]he appointing officer shall notify the policemen's civil service commission of any vacancy in a position which he desires to fill, and shall request the certification of eligibles." Under most municipalities' charters, the mayor, as the chief executive officer, is the appointing officer. As the appointing officer, the mayor declares vacancies and may abolish positions; however, a mayor could not refuse to declare a vacancy or abolish a position in contravention of public policy. For example, a mayor could not refuse to declare a vacancy simply because the next person in line for a promotion was female, a minority, or not a member of the mayor's political party. The decision to abolish an office "must be made in good faith, not motivated by any political or other improper objective." State ex rel. Musick v. Londeree, 145 W.Va. 369, 377, 115 S.E.2d 96, 100 (1960).
This Court has previously addressed a mayor's authority to declare vacancies in State ex rel. Musick v. Londeree, 145 W.Va. 369,145 W.Va. 369, 115 S.E.2d 96 (1960). In Musick, a South Charleston...
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