Reuss v. Moss-American, Inc.
Decision Date | 23 February 1971 |
Docket Number | No. 70-C-485,70-C-486.,70-C-485 |
Citation | 323 F. Supp. 848 |
Court | U.S. District Court — Eastern District of Wisconsin |
Parties | Henry S. REUSS, as well for the United States of America as for himself, Plaintiff, v. MOSS-AMERICAN, INC., a corporation, Defendant. Henry S. REUSS, as well for the United States of America as for himself, Plaintiff, v. PETER COOPER CORPORATION, a corporation, Defendant. |
Irvin B. Charne, Charne, Glassner, Tehan, Clancy & Taitelman, Milwaukee, Wis., for plaintiff.
Quarles, Herriott, Clemons, Teschner & Noelke by Charles S. Quarles, Milwaukee, Wis., for defendants.
DECISION and ORDER
These actions were filed against two alleged violators of the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899, 33 U.S.C. § 407, by an individual acting as a private citizen. The defendant in each case has moved to dismiss the complaint. The plaintiff bases his right of civil action on that part of 33 U.S.C. § 411 which provides for the payment of a part of the fine assessed a person successfully prosecuted under § 407 to be paid "to the person or persons giving information which shall lead to conviction."
The plaintiff claims that he should be able to maintain qui tam actions against the defendants under §§ 407 and 411; such civil suits are predicated on the theory that the informer may proceed with a civil action where the government fails to prosecute a criminal action.
The strongest authority for the plaintiff's maintenance of this action is a dictum found in a footnote by Justice Black in United States ex rel. Marcus v. Hess, 317 U.S. 537, 63 S.Ct. 379, 87 L.Ed. 443 (1943), which states:
"Statutes providing for a reward to informers which do not specifically either authorize or forbid the informer to institute the action are construed to authorize him to sue."
A recent decision by a federal district court points up the difficulty in accepting Justice Black's dictum at face value; in Bass Anglers Sportsman's Society of America et al. v. U. S. Plywood-Champion Papers, Inc., et al., 324 F. Supp. 302 (S.D.Tex., decided February 10, 1971), the court said:
The court then analyzed the same statutes upon which the plaintiff in the case at bar relies and concluded that:
A similar conclusion was arrived at by a three-judge panel in Alabama. In Bass Angler Sportsman Society v. United States Steel Corporation et al., 324 F.Supp. 412 (N.D.Ala., decided February 8, 1971), the court noted:
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