South Georgia Timber Co. v. Petty, A95A1484

• Citation: 218 Ga.App. 497,462 S.E.2d 176
• Decision Date: 12 September 1995
• Docket Number: No. A95A1484,A95A1484
• Parties: SOUTH GEORGIA TIMBER COMPANY et al. v. PETTY.
• Court: United States Court of Appeals (Georgia)

Page 176

462 S.E.2d 176

218 Ga.App. 497

SOUTH GEORGIA TIMBER COMPANY et al. v. PETTY.

No. A95A1484.

Court of Appeals of Georgia.

Sept. 12, 1995.

Clyatt & Clyatt, Robert M. Clyatt, Valdosta, for appellants.

Gibson & Spivey, Douglas L. Gibson, Andrew C. Spivey, Waycross, for appellee.

E. Lee Southwell, Atlanta, for other interested parties.

SMITH, Judge.

We granted a petition for discretionary appeal in this workers' compensation case to review two controlling issues: whether the claimant's injury arose out of and in the course of employment; and whether, at the time of injury, claimant had ended a personal detour and resumed work for her employer.

Carol Yvonne Petty is the sole owner of TNS Timber Company, which had an oral contract with South Georgia Timber Company to provide timber cutting services on a quantity basis. South Georgia Timber is located in Folkston, the county seat of Charlton County, Georgia, approximately 35 miles southeast of Waycross. Petty also resides there. South Georgia Timber deducted a per cord charge out of TNS Timber's checks for workers' compensation coverage. The owner of South Georgia Timber suggested to Petty that it would be much cheaper for her to obtain her own coverage for TNS. He recommended an insurance agent, and a meeting was arranged between Petty and the agent in Waycross, Georgia.

On the day scheduled for the meeting, Petty drove to Waycross and picked up the insurance agent. She testified that was her sole reason for going to Waycross that day. They drove to TNS Timber's work site in the woods about 30 miles south of Waycross, where the agent inspected the operation and checked TNS Timber's equipment. Petty drove the agent back to his office in Waycross, then stopped by a shopping mall in Waycross to use the rest room and look for a pair of rubber boots. She intended to return then to Folkston to deliver a check to her contract hauler. Upon entering her car, however, she was abducted by a man armed with a knife. She leaped or was pushed from the car, sustaining the injuries for which she seeks compensation.

The ALJ concluded that Petty's trip to Waycross was purely personal because it was for the purpose of obtaining insurance for her own company. Additionally, the ALJ found that Petty's further deviation to a shopping mall put her clearly outside the scope and course of her employment as a contract logger for South Georgia Timber. The appellate division affirmed the decision of the ALJ, and Petty appealed to the superior court. The superior court, relying on Petty's testimony that she had a check for her contract hauler in her car and planned to return to Folkston to pay him, held she had returned to her duties for South Georgia Timber at the time she re-entered her car in Waycross. On this basis, the superior court set aside the findings of the ALJ and appellate division and remanded the case for further findings.

In reviewing a workers' compensation award, both this court and the superior court must construe the evidence in the light most favorable to the party prevailing before the appellate division. Jarallah v. Pickett Suite Hotel, 204 Ga.App. 684, 686, 420 S.E.2d 366 (1992). "It is axiomatic that the findings of the State Board of Workers' Compensation when supported by any evidence, are conclusive and binding, and that neither the superior court nor this court has any authority to substitute itself as a fact finding body in lieu of the Board. [Cits.]" Durham v. Twiggs County Bd. of County Commrs., 210 Ga.App. 203, 204, 435 S.E.2d 688 (1993).

The factors used to determine whether an injury arises "out of" or "in the course of employment" are well established and include the physical location of the worker: "An injury arises 'in the course of' employment when it occurs within the period of the employment, at a place where the employee may be in performance of her duties and while she is fulfilling or doing something incidental to those duties. [Cit.] An injury arises 'out of' the employment when a reasonable person, after considering the circumstances of the employment, would perceive a causal connection between the conditions under which the employee must work and the resulting injury. [Cit.]" (Emphasis supplied.) Hennly v. Richardson, 264 Ga. 355, 356(1), 444 S.E.2d 317 (1994). In contrast, "[w]here the employee steps aside from his employer's business to do some act of his own, not connected with his employer's business, the relationship of employer and employee, or master and servant, is, as to that act, completely suspended, and an accident occurring at that time, resulting in injury to the employee, does not arise out of the employment...