State v. Suarez

• Decision Date: 01 January 1991
• Docket Number: No. 8914,8914
• Citation: 23 Conn.App. 705,584 A.2d 1194
• Court: Connecticut Court of Appeals
• Parties: STATE of Connecticut v. Grace SUAREZ.

Page 1194

584 A.2d 1194

23 Conn.App. 705

STATE of Connecticut v. Grace SUAREZ.

No. 8914.

Appellate Court of Connecticut.

Argued Oct. 30, 1990.

Decided Jan. 1, 1991.

William T. Koch, Jr., Sp. Public Defender, for appellant (defendant).

Mary H. Lesser, Asst. State's Atty., with whom, on the brief, were C. Robert Satti, Sr., State's Atty., Peter McShane, Asst. State's Atty., and Kathryn St. Amand, Legal Intern, for appellee (state).

Before SPALLONE, LAVERY and CRETELLA, JJ.

CRETELLA, Judge.

The defendant appeals from her conviction rendered after a jury trial, of assault in the second degree, in violation of General Statutes § 53a-60(a)(2). The defendant raises several claims including that the trial court improperly permitted testimony concerning statements she had made and improperly allowed testimony that impeached her credibility. She also raises issues concerning court instructions and closing arguments of the state. We affirm the decision of the trial court. ¹

The jury heard conflicting testimony concerning a fight in the women's bathroom of the Speakeasy Cafe. The two conflicting stories concern the defendant's striking the victim in the face with a glass and the defendant's claim that she did so in self-defense.

A witness who knew neither the defendant nor the victim testified that she had observed the argument and that the victim had left the bathroom briefly then returned and punched the defendant in the face. This witness further testified that she had not seen the defendant hit the victim with the glass.

After the fight was broken up and both the victim and the defendant were transported to a hospital for treatment, Officer Michael Hedge of the New London police department interviewed each of them. The defendant told Hedge that she had not perceived the victim's aggression as a punch, but merely as a grab and a push.

The defendant's first claim is that the trial court improperly admitted statements she had given to Hedge while she was at the hospital. The defendant asserts that by admitting these hearsay statements the court violated her privilege not to incriminate herself. The defendant failed to raise this claim at trial either by a motion to suppress or by objecting to the testimony when it was given. She now seeks review under the bypass rule of State v. Evans, 165 Conn. 61, 70, 327 A.2d 576 (1973), and State v. Golding, 213 Conn. 233, 239-40, 567 A.2d 823 (1989).

Before a defendant can prevail on an unpreserved claim under the Evans and Golding standard, she must present, inter alia, an adequate record for our review. State v. Golding, supra, 213 Conn. at 240, 567 A.2d 823. The burden of providing an adequate record rests on the defendant. State v. Anderson, 209 Conn. 622, 633, 553 A.2d 589 (1989).

The persuasiveness of the defendant's belated hearsay claim is weakened by the failure of the record to reflect the circumstances surrounding her statement to Hedge, whether any Miranda warnings were given before she made her statement, or whether her statement was volunteered. Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436, 86 S.Ct. 1602, 16 L.Ed.2d 694 (1966). In addition, it is impossible to determine, after the fact, whether these statements were entered to prove the truth of the matter asserted or to demonstrate the defendant's state of mind. In light of the fact that the record does not substantiate the defendant's claim, we decline to review it further.

The defendant also claims that the trial court should not have allowed Hedge to testify as to what the victim told him after the incident. She asserts that these statements were prior consistent statements and as such should not have been admitted to bolster the victim's earlier testimony. She also asserts that these statements were impermissible hearsay. Although the defendant objected to this testimony, she did not take an exception to the court's ruling.

Practice Book § 288 requires that trial counsel take a timely exception to a ruling on the admission of evidence in order to preserve the claim for appeal. In this way a trial court is alerted to any possible mistake while there is still time to correct it. State v. King, 216 Conn. 585, 590, 583 A.2d 896 (1990); State v. Kim, 17 Conn.App. 156, 158, 550 A.2d 896 (1988). We will not review this claim. State v. Anonymous (83-FG), 190 Conn. 715, 730, 463 A.2d 533 (1983).

The defendant next claims that the court improperly allowed the state to impeach her credibility. The following facts are relevant to the resolution of this claim. When she was seventeen, the defendant applied for, and was granted, accelerated rehabilitation. Five years later, when she was charged with the present offense she once again applied for accelerated rehabilitation, swearing under oath that she had never been granted accelerated rehabilitation on any prior occasion. The defendant now claims that the trial court should not have allowed the state to use the defendant's false testimony to impeach her credibility because of its devastating effect on her.

A witness may be impeached by evidence of specific acts of misconduct that relate to veracity. State v. Moore, 23 Conn.App. 479, 485, 581 A.2d 1071 (1990). In particular, a witness may be impeached by eliciting testimony that she lied under oath when applying for accelerated rehabilitation. State v. Wynter, 19 Conn.App. 654, 663-64, 564 A.2d 296, cert. denied, 213 Conn. 802, 567 A.2d 834 (1989). The trial court has broad discretion in setting the limits of cross-examination when a witness' credibility is being attacked. Id. Thus, the trial court properly exercised its discretion in allowing the defendant to be impeached by her prior false statement.

The defendant next claims that the trial court abused its discretion by refusing to grant a two day continuance to allow the defendant to call Nancy Radoff, the attorney that represented her when she applied for accelerated rehabilitation for a second time.

The court offered a one day continuance which the defendant declined. The court also inquired as to the nature of the expected testimony of the witness and determined that it would not warrant a two day delay of the trial since the defendant had no further evidence to offer. A determination to grant or deny a request for a continuance is within the discretion of the trial court and will not be disturbed on appeal absent a showing of abuse of discretion. State v. Aillon, 202 Conn. 385, 394, 521 A.2d 555 (1987). When a defendant seeks a continuance to produce an absent witness, she bears the heavy burden of proving that the court acted arbitrarily and substantially impaired her ability to defend herself. Id., 202 Conn. at 395, 521 A.2d 555. We conclude that the court did not abuse its discretion. The defendant next claims that the prosecutor's closing remarks went beyond the scope of proper rebuttal argument. Although the defendant objected to the prosecutor's remarks, the court never ruled on the objection and the...