State v. Walgreen Drug Co., Civil 4301
Decision Date | 20 May 1941 |
Docket Number | Civil 4301 |
Citation | 57 Ariz. 308,113 P.2d 650 |
Parties | THE STATE OF ARIZONA, Appellant, v. WALGREEN DRUG CO., a Corporation, Appellee |
Court | Arizona Supreme Court |
APPEAL from a judgment of the Superior Court of the County of Maricopa. Arthur T. LaPrade, Judge. Judgment affirmed.
Mr. Joe Conway, Attorney General, and Mr. Earl Anderson, Special Assistant Attorney General, for Appellant.
Mr Charles Bernstein, for Appellee.
Messrs Snell & Strouss, Mr. Mark Wilmer and Mr. George M. Hill Amici Curiae.
The State of Arizona, plaintiff, filed this action in the superior court of Maricopa County against Walgreen Drug Co., a corporation, defendant. The complaint set forth in substance that defendant had repeatedly violated the provisions of chapter 39, session laws of Arizona, 1939, commonly known as the "Unfair Sales Act," and asked for an injunction against defendant forbidding it from offering to sell any commodities below cost "as said cost is defined by the said chapter 39, session laws of Arizona, 1939, except as said sales may be allowed under the exemptions contained in section 6 of said chapter 39." Defendant moved to dismiss the action because the complaint failed to state facts upon which injunctive relief could be granted. The court, after consideration thereof, granted the motion and the action was dismissed, whereupon the matter was brought before us for review.
The real question before us is whether chapter 39, supra, is a constitutional and valid exercise of the power of the legislature. The chapter declares the policy and purpose of the chapter in section 7 thereof, as follows:
The legislature then, in section 3 of the chapter, declared certain acts to be a violation of the policy, as follows:
And in sections 4 and 5 provided two methods of enforcing it, one by a criminal prosecution, and the other by injunction, the latter being the course followed by plaintiff in the present case.
The argument of defendant is that the chapter is invalid for three reasons (a) that the general principle of fixing prices is unconstitutional, (b) that even if such regulation of business may be within legislative power, the particular chapter is void on the ground that the definition of "cost" set forth therein is indefinite and uncertain, and (c) that it does not require any intent to engage in unfair competition as defined by the chapter to fix a liability for violation thereof.
So far as the legislative right to fix prices to be charged by private business is concerned, we think it has been determined by the well known case of Nebbia v. New York, 291 U.S. 502, 54 S.Ct. 505, 510, 78 L.Ed. 940, 89 A.L.R. 1469. Therein the court considered the entire question of the right of the legislature to regulate prices to be charged by private business. In its opinion it laid down the now existing rules of constitutional law on the subject so plainly and definitely that we quote therefrom somewhat fully:
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