State v. Woody, 25801.
| Decision Date | 05 April 2004 |
| Docket Number | No. 25801.,25801. |
| Citation | 596 S.E.2d 907,359 S.C. 1 |
| Court | South Carolina Supreme Court |
| Parties | The STATE, Petitioner, v. Minyard Lee WOODY, Respondent. |
Attorney General Henry Dargan McMaster, Chief Deputy Attorney General John W. McIntosh, Assistant Deputy Attorney General Charles H. Richardson, Assistant Attorney General Melody J. Brown, all of Columbia; and Harold W. Gowdy, III, of Spartanburg, for Petitioner.
Assistant Appellate Defender Aileen P. Clare, of Columbia, for Respondent. Chief Justice TOAL:
The State argues that the Court of Appeals erred when it held that Respondent's two prior convictions of armed robbery constituted one offense under S.C.Code Ann. § 17-25-50 (1985). We disagree and affirm the Court of Appeals' decision.
FACTUAL/PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
Respondent Minyard Woody ("Respondent") was convicted of second-degree burglary in July 1999. During trial, the State argued that S.C.Code Ann. § 17-25-45 (Supp.2000) mandated a life sentence without the possibility of parole because Respondent had been convicted of two counts of armed robbery on January 21, 1981. The two previous armed robbery convictions stemmed from a single incident but involved two different victims: Respondent robbed a Fast Fare convenient store and was convicted of armed robbery of both the store's clerk and the store itself.
The trial judge sentenced Respondent to a life sentence without the possibility of parole pursuant to S.C.Code Ann. § 17-25-45 (Supp.2000).1 The Court of Appeals reversed and held that Respondent's two prior convictions were the same offense under S.C.Code Ann. § 17-25-50 (1985), and therefore the "three strikes rule" of section 17-25-45 — requiring a life sentence without the possibility of parole when convicted of three "serious" crimes — does not apply. The State submits the following issue on appeal:
Did the Court of Appeals err in holding that Respondent's two prior convictions constituted one offense under section 17-25-50?
LAW/ANALYSIS
In 2003, this Court published two opinions addressing issues similar to those in the present case. State v. Gordon, 356 S.C. 143, 588 S.E.2d 105 (2003); State v. Benjamin, 353 S.C. 441, 579 S.E.2d 289 (2003). The holdings of those cases are somewhat inconsistent, due to the contradictory language between sections 17-25-45 and 17-25-50.
Section 17-25-45(B) mandates that criminal defendants who are convicted of three "most serious" or "serious" crimes be sentenced to life imprisonment without parole.2
On the other hand, section 17-25-50, entitled "Considering closely connected offenses as one offense" states:
[i]n determining the number of offenses for the purpose of imposition of sentence, the court shall treat as one offense any number of offenses which have been committed at times so closely connected in point of time that they may be considered as one offense, notwithstanding under the law they constitute separate and distinct offenses.
However, section 17-25-45(B) begins with the phrase: "[n]otwithstanding any other provision of law ...," indicating that it should be interpreted and enforced in isolation of other applicable sections, such as section 17-25-50. Further, in July 2003, this Court held that section 17-25-50 is inapplicable in a "three strikes rule" analysis. State v. Benjamin, 353 S.C. 441, 579 S.E.2d 289 (2003). This Court opined:
that the legislature intends that § 17-25-45 be construed independent of any other statute is reinforced by the introductory language of subsections (E) and (F), both of which begin "For purposes of determining a prior conviction under this section only...." It is no longer necessary or appropriate to harmonize or reconcile § 17-25-45 and § 17-25-50 in light of the General Assembly's unmistakable instruction that § 17-25-45 be applied without regard to any other provision of law.
353 S.C. 441, 445, 579 S.E.2d 289, 291 (2003).
However, in October 2003, after these parties submitted their briefs, this Court overturned Benjamin in State v. Gordon, 356 S.C. 143, 152, 588 S.E.2d 105, 109 (2003), holding that the two statutes must be construed together, otherwise section 17-25-50 is utterly useless.
In the present case, Respondent's prior criminal record included two convictions of armed robbery. Given this Court's recent ruling in State v. Gordon, and the fact that the offenses were committed at the same time, the two offenses constitute only one offense under section 17-25-50. Accordingly, Respondent has only two strikes against him, not three.
CONCLUSION
We affirm the Court of Appeals' decision, holding that Respondent's two prior convictions of armed robbery constitute one offense.
I continue to adhere to my opinion in State v. Benjamin, 353 S.C. 441...
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Bryant v. State
...parole sentence when the multiple offenses are inextricably connected and share an immediate temporal proximity. State v. Woody, 359 S.C. 1, 596 S.E.2d 907 (2004) illustrates a proper application of section 17-25-50 to preclude a life without parole sentence. Woody was convicted of second-d......
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Weary v. State
...offenses committed within a one-day period "shall be treated for the purposes of this article as one offense"); State v. Woody, 359 S.C. 1, 3-4, 596 S.E.2d 907, 908 (2004) (rejecting the State's position that defendant's two prior armed robberies, which arose from a single incident at the s......
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Weary v. State
... ... one-day period "shall be treated for the purposes of ... this article as one offense"); State v. Woody, ... 359 S.C. 1, 3–4, 596 S.E.2d 907, 908 (2004) (rejecting ... the State's position that defendant's two prior armed ... ...
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Koon v. State, 26295.
...17-25-50 have been cases in which, for example, the defendant had two convictions arising out of a single incident, see State v. Woody, 359 S.C. 1, 596 S.E.2d 907 (2004) (two previous armed robbery convictions stemmed from a single incident but involved two different victims: Woody robbed a......