Strong v. K & K Investments, Inc.

• Decision Date: 03 February 1984
• Docket Number: No. 82-648,82-648
• Citation: 343 N.W.2d 912,216 Neb. 370
• Parties: Melvin D. STRONG and Patricia A. Strong, Appellants, v. K & K INVESTMENTS, INC., doing business as K & K Distributing, et al., Appellees.
• Court: Nebraska Supreme Court

Page 912

343 N.W.2d 912

216 Neb. 370

Melvin D. STRONG and Patricia A. Strong, Appellants, v. K & K INVESTMENTS, INC., doing business as K & K Distributing, et al., Appellees.

No. 82-648.

Supreme Court of Nebraska.

Feb. 3, 1984.

Syllabus by the Court

1. Summary Judgment. The purpose of a summary judgment proceeding is to pierce allegations of pleadings and to show conclusively that the controlling facts are otherwise than alleged and that the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.

2. Summary Judgment. The granting of summary judgment is an extreme remedy and should be awarded only when the issue is clear beyond all doubt. Any reasonable doubt touching the existence of a material issue of fact must be resolved against the moving party.

3. Master and Servant: Negligence. In order to sustain a recovery under the doctrine of respondeat superior, the relationship of master and servant must be shown to exist at the time of the injury and with respect to the particular transaction resulting in the alleged tort, and the servant must be shown to be acting within the scope of his employment.

4. Master and Servant: Negligence. The conduct of a servant is within the scope of employment if, but only if, it is of the kind he is employed to perform, it occurred substantially within the authorized time and space limits, and it is actuated, at least in part, by a purpose to serve the master.

5. Master and Servant: Negligence. A master, in selecting an employee, must exercise a degree of care commensurate with the nature and danger of the business in which he is engaged and the nature and grade of service for which the servant is intended, but is required to hire employees possessing only such skill as is ordinarily and reasonably commensurate with the work to be performed by them.

6. Master and Servant: Liability. Where the facts present no conflict and furnish the basis for but a single inference, and that favorable to the master, his freedom from liability is to be determined by the court as a matter of law.

J. Michael Moriarty, Omaha, for appellants.

John C. Brownrigg of Erickson, Sederstrom, Leigh, Eisenstatt, Johnson, Kinnamon, Koukol & Fortune, P.C., Omaha, for appellees.

BOSLAUGH, WHITE, and SHANAHAN, JJ., and NORTON, District Judge, and COLWELL, District Judge, Retired.

NORTON, District Judge.

This is an appeal from the district court for Douglas County, Nebraska, sustaining a motion for summary judgment.

The case arises out of an altercation which occurred on or about December 20, 1980. Melvin and Patricia Strong, husband and wife, were general managers of the Best Western Omaha Inn, a hotel located in Omaha, Nebraska. Defendant-appellee K & K Investments, Inc., is a liquor and beer distributor in and about Omaha, Nebraska. Persons in the employ of K & K were also named as defendants in the trial court. Those persons are not parties to this appeal.

On or about December 19, 1980, K & K sponsored a Christmas party for its personnel. For these purposes it had rented space at the Omaha Inn. Alcoholic beverages were furnished by K & K and were served at the party. It appears that the party concluded around midnight, at which time certain of the K & K personnel left the party area and went into the hotel lobby and/or public lounge. The party area and lounge are located at opposite ends of the hotel. In the lounge entertainment and beverages were available. Working or assisting in the lounge at that time were Rodney and Gary Strong, sons of the plaintiffs.

At approximately 1 a.m., December 20, 1980, the lounge closed and the patrons began to leave. Shortly thereafter, an altercation broke out upon the premises of the hotel. Melvin Strong was notified. Upon reaching the parking lot of the hotel, he found a fight in progress, involving his sons and certain K & K personnel. In what Mr. Strong described as an attempt to stop this fight, he became involved, and sustained various injuries which he claims were the result of an intentional assault and battery upon him by K & K personnel.

In addition to the foregoing facts the evidence produced at the time of the hearing on the motion indicates that the K & K personnel involved in this altercation had attended the Christmas party and had consumed Alcoholic beverages furnished by K & K. The evidence further indicates that, following the party, these same persons had gone into the public lounge and some were served drinks. The evidence also indicates that previous to this date some of those persons had been involved in fights and that one of them had been convicted of assault and battery. There is no evidence to show, or even raise the inference, that the latter facts were known to K & K on December 19 and 20, 1980.

Subsequently, an action for damages was filed, and K & K was joined as a defendant by reason of its employment of the other defendants. In due course, K & K filed a motion for summary judgment. After a hearing the trial court sustained that motion and dismissed plaintiffs' petition as to K & K. In its order the trial court stated in part: "The Court finds that the closing of the sponsored event and the removal therefrom in space and time of the melee separate K & K from any causal connection with plaintiff's injuries, on any theory of asserted primary or vicarious liability cognizable in law. There is no genuine issue as to any material fact which, resolved favorable to plaintiff, would fasten liability upon K & K ...." The only issue presented to us by this appeal is the propriety of the trial court's action in sustaining the motion.

It is fundamental that the purpose of a summary judgment proceeding is to pierce allegations of pleadings and to show conclusively that the controlling facts are otherwise than alleged and that the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Frazier, Inc. v. 20th Century Builders, Inc., 188 Neb. 618, 198 N.W.2d 478 (1972). It is equally as fundamental that the granting of summary judgment is an extreme remedy and should be awarded only when the issue is clear beyond all doubt. Any reasonable doubt touching the existence of a material issue of fact must be resolved against the moving party. Hiram Scott College v. Insurance Co. of North America, 187 Neb. 290, 188 N.W.2d 688 (1971); Juergens & Anderson v. Redding, 198 Neb. 289, 252 N.W.2d 291 (1977).

In their assignments of error the plaintiffs claim that material issues of fact did exist in this case which, if resolved favorably to them by the trial court, would have resulted in liability being imposed upon K & K for any one of the following reasons: (1) Breach of K & K's duty as employer to control use by its employees of chattels belonging to K & K; (2) Breach of K & K's duty as...