Terry v. State, CR

• Decision Date: 30 March 1992
• Docket Number: No. CR,CR
• Parties: Anthony Ray TERRY, Appellant, v. STATE of Arkansas, Appellee. 91-258.
• Court: Arkansas Supreme Court

Page 817

826 S.W.2d 817

309 Ark. 64

Anthony Ray TERRY, Appellant, v. STATE of Arkansas, Appellee.

No. CR 91-258.

Supreme Court of Arkansas.

March 30, 1992.

Thomas B. Devine, Little Rock, for appellant.

Clementine Infante, Asst. Atty. Gen., Little Rock, for appellee.

CORBIN, Justice.

Appellant, Anthony Ray Terry, appeals a judgment of the Pulaski County Circuit Court convicting him of two counts of rape. Appellant was charged by felony information, dated November 14, 1989, for two alleged violations of Ark.Code Ann. § 5-14-103 (1987), in that during May 1989, he engaged in sexual intercourse or deviate sexual activity with two sisters who were less than fourteen years of age. He was tried by a jury, convicted of both counts, and sentenced to two consecutive twenty-five year terms in the Arkansas Department of Correction.

For reversal of the judgment, appellant contends the trial court erred in admitting into evidence a record of appellant's medical history as taken by the Veteran's Administration Hospital when appellant was being treated there in 1983. In this fourteen page document, it is reflected that appellant had a venereal disease for which he was treated with an antibiotic shot a few years prior to the giving of the history. This record was obtained by appellant from the hospital and given to the prosecution during discovery.

The prosecution thought this evidence of appellant's past venereal disease was particularly relevant because the two child victims were both diagnosed with gonorrhea by Arkansas Children's Hospital in August and September of 1989, after one of the girls was admitted to the hospital for treatment of a swollen and infected shoulder caused by gonorrhea. Thus, when appellant stated on direct examination that he had never had gonorrhea, the prosecution inquired into appellant's prior history of venereal disease on cross-examination.

Appellant makes three assignments of error in the ruling admitting the challenged evidence. First, he claims the prosecution did not lay a sufficient foundation to admit the hospital records under A.R.E. Rule 803(6), the business records exception to the hearsay rule. Second, he claims he was not given an opportunity to explain or deny the hospital records as extrinsic evidence of a prior inconsistent statement as required by A.R.E. Rule 613(b). Third, appellant claims the admission of the hospital records was more prejudicial than probative and therefore should have been excluded under A.R.E. Rule 403. The first argument has no merit. The last two arguments were not properly preserved for our review. Therefore, we affirm.

We begin this opinion, which deals only with evidentiary issues, by stating that the trial court has discretion in deciding evidentiary issues and its decision will not be reversed on appeal unless it has abused that discretion. State v. Massery, 302 Ark. 447, 790 S.W.2d 175 (1990).

With respect to his first point of error, appellant argues the foundation is insufficient under A.R.E. Rule 803(6) in two respects. First, he argues the record is untrustworthy because it was not shown to be appellant's and there was no testimony by a person with knowledge of how the record came to be or how it was obtained. Second, appellant argues it was not shown that the record was made at or near the time required by A.R.E. Rule 803(6).

The state responds to this argument by claiming that the business records exception does not require that the custodian of the records be able to explain the specific record-keeping procedures in question. In support of this claim, the state cites Wildwood Contractors v. Thompson-Holloway Real Estate Agency, 17 Ark.App. 169, 705 S.W.2d 897 (1986).

The business records exception to the hearsay rule has been interpreted as having seven requirements. To be admissible under this exception, the evidence must be (1) a record or other compilation, (2) of acts or events, (3) made at or near the time the act or event occurred, (4) by a person with knowledge, or from information transmitted by a person with knowledge, (5) kept in the course of a regularly conducted business, (6) which has a regular practice of recording such information, (7) all as shown by the testimony of the custodian or other qualified witness. Cates v. State, 267 Ark. 726, 589 S.W.2d 598 (App.1979). A.R.E. Rule 803(6) further provides that business records will not be admitted "if the source of information or the method or circumstances of preparation indicate lack of trustworthiness."

Harriet Behr, chief of the medical information section at the VA Hospital, testified that she was the custodian of the VA Hospital's medical records and that she brought with her to the courtroom a certified copy of appellant's medical history. She testified that reports such as appellant's medical history are kept as part of the hospital's regularly conducted business activity. Appellant's challenge to Ms. Behr's testimony arises from her unfamiliarity with the specific procedure for obtaining the medical history of a hospital patient. However, Ms. Behr did testify that after a patient has been admitted to the hospital, reports such as the one in question are prepared, compiled in a file of the patient's medical records, and kept under her care and control.

Mary Ann Parsley, acting chief of nursing at the VA Hospital and an employee there since 1970, testified that the standard procedure for obtaining the information in appellant's medical history is through both patient interview and physical examination depending on the particular question involved. She stated that the information relating to venereal disease is gained by interview, or patient response to questioning by a physician or nurse, rather than by diagnosis from a physical examination. As to the absence of appellant's signature on the record, Ms. Parsley testified that, when this particular record...