V. S. DiCarlo Const. Co., Inc. v. State, KCD

Decision Date01 May 1978
Docket NumberNo. KCD,KCD
PartiesV. S. DiCARLO CONSTRUCTION CO., INC., Respondent, v. STATE of Missouri, Appellant. 29121.
CourtMissouri Court of Appeals

John D. Ashcroft, Atty. Gen., Louren R. Wood, Asst. Atty. Gen., Jefferson City, for appellant.

Ernest H. Fremont, Jr., Wm. Dirk Vandever, Popham, Popham, Conway, Sweeny & Fremont, P. C., Kansas City, for respondent.

Before WELBORN, Special Judge, Presiding, PRITCHARD, J., and HIGGINS, Special Judge.

ROBERT R. WELBORN, Special Judge, Presiding.

Action by contractor to recover from state for removal of rock under construction contract. Upon submission of cause on stipulated facts, trial court found for contractor. State has appealed.

This controversy arises out of the construction for the State of Missouri of an office building for the Adjutant General and an Emergency Operations Center in Jefferson City. V. S. DiCarlo Construction Co., Inc. ("DiCarlo") submitted a base bid with alternates in the amount of $676,909 to act as general contractor for the project. The DiCarlo bid was the lowest responsive bid and on December 5, 1967, a contract was entered into between the state and DiCarlo.

DiCarlo entered upon the work. In excavating for the foundation, basement and sub-basement of the building, rock was encountered. Contractors had been advised that some rock excavation would be necessary. The state took 10 core borings in the construction site "to enable the eventual general contractor to ascertain the nature of the soil and rock to be excavated from the site of the building. The results of the test borings (found within the specifications) were given to the architect who transposed the boring locations on the drawings. Additionally, the architect indicated on the drawings a sub-basement floor elevation of 572 feet 7.5 inches. The architect also drew on the drawings profiles of the interpretations of the substances which would be encountered and have to be excavated, and the interpolations of the various elevations at which they would be found between the various core test borings."

A note appeared on the "drawings/plans," as follows:

"Some rock excavation will be necessary to complete the excavation for the new building. Absolutely no blasting will be permitted by any of the trades for excavation for any work of the contract. The plans and specifications show the assumed elevations for rock bearing strata suitable for footings. The contractor shall include in his proposal all earth and rock excavation required to these given elevations in his base proposal, with all labor and materials required to verify the suitability of the rock bearing strata as noted on Sheet S6 General Notes, Note No. 13. Should further rock or earth excavation be later requested, or should suitable bearing rock be found to exist at a higher elevation than shown unit prices for add or credit to the contract price shall then prevail. Such unit prices are to be submitted with the proposal."

The contract contained the following provision on unit prices:

                                                        Add    Deduct
                                                      -------  -------
                "1. For rock excavation requiring
                    drilling and jackhammering as
                    per Division 02 Section B02 of
                    the specification-per cubic
                    yard                              $200.00  $10.00
                "2. For earth or loose rock
                    excavation by machine per cubic
                    yard                                 2.50     .25
                "3. For earth or loose rock
                    excavation by hand per cubic
                    yard                                 5.50    1.00"
                

The excavation portion of 02B 02 read as follows:

"EXCAVATION: This contractor shall study the test borings log and elevations of the new building as shown on the drawings to ascertain the nature of soil and rock to be excavated from the site of the building. For purposes of bidding the Contractor shall submit his base proposal as herein outlined.

"Remove all material now in place as required to excavate including working space for sub-basement floor slab to an elevation 4"' below bottom of slab. Further remove rock or material found in place to at least the side of wall or column footings, elevator pit, or depressed floor area bases. Footings are to be placed on rock suitable for the loads to be supported. The approx. elevation for these footing bearing levels to be based on the elevations shown on the drawings.

"A jackhammer hole shall be drilled at least 5' below the bottom of each footing excavation to detect any voids of clay layers that may exist beneath the footing. If such clay layers or pockets are encountered the overlying rock and clay shall be removed to a clean rock surface at a greater depth.

"Rock excavation as required for unit prices shall be defined as rock requiring drilling and jack hammering before removal can be achieved, in footing pits or similar excavation beyond depths shown on the drawings. Loose Rock or clay layers within or between rock strata shall be considered as earth removal in application of unit prices. Unit prices for earth excavation by hand or machine when required beyond depts (sic) shown on drawings shall be provided under the unit prices section of the bidding forms.

"The mechanical and electrical contractors shall submit unit prices for rock and earth excavation for trenches, pits, etc. that may be required for extra work not now shown on drawings, or for use should rock be encountered in Sanitary Sewer main trench to be dug to South of building. All rock or earth excavation within building are and as shown on the drawings, shall be included in Base Proposal Bid submittal.

"A unit price for rock excavation required beyond indicated depths shall be provided under the unit prices section of the Bidding Forms. Should suitable rock for bearing be found above the elevation given on the drawings, a unit price for rock excavation to be credited to the Owner shall govern. This unit price also to be submitted in the Bidding Forms.

"All soft, broken and easily excavated rock material should be removed from the excavation prior to the placement of footings."

As computed from the drawings and specifications ("borings"), 904 cubic yards of solid rock excavation would have been required. DiCarlo actually removed 1850 cubic yards. DiCarlo made demand of the state for the removal of 946 cubic yards of rock at $200 per cubic yard. The state rejected the claim but did pay DiCarlo $5856 for rock excavation in footings below the sub-basement floor elevation.

DiCarlo filed suit against the state on June 29, 1970. Its petition was in six counts. Count I sought...

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3 cases
  • Missouri State Highway Patrol v. Atwell
    • United States
    • Missouri Court of Appeals
    • October 28, 2003
    ...its understanding that V.S. DiCarlo Construction Co., Inc. v. State of Missouri, 485 S.W.2d 52, 56 (Mo.1972), appeal after remand, 567 S.W.2d 394 (Mo.App.1978), held that "when the state enters into a validly authorized contract, it lays aside whatever privilege of sovereign immunity it oth......
  • State v. Atwell
    • United States
    • Missouri Court of Appeals
    • October 28, 2003
    ...understanding that V.S. DiCarlo Construction Co., Inc. v. State of Missouri, 485 S.W.2d 52, 56 (Mo. 1972), appeal after remand, 567 S.W.2d 394 (Mo. App. 1978), held that "when the state enters into a validly authorized contract, it lays aside whatever privilege of sovereign immunity it othe......
  • Gavan v. Madison Memorial Hosp., 49836
    • United States
    • Missouri Court of Appeals
    • October 8, 1985
    ...The Supreme Court in V.S. Dicarlo Construction Co., Inc. v. State, 485 S.W.2d 52, 56 (Mo.1972), appeal after remand, 567 S.W.2d 394 (Mo.App.1978) held that when the state enters into a validly authorized contract, it lays aside whatever privilege of sovereign immunity it otherwise possesses......

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