White v. State, A15A0020.

Decision Date15 June 2015
Docket NumberNo. A15A0020.,A15A0020.
Citation773 S.E.2d 448,332 Ga.App. 495
PartiesWHITE v. The STATE.
CourtGeorgia Court of Appeals

Nicole Leshea Roberts, for Appellant.

Andrew J. Ekonomou, Asst. Dist. Atty., Atlanta, Jacquelyn L. Johnson, Dist. Atty., for Appellee.

Opinion

McMILLIAN, Judge.

In March 1997, Michael Jerome White was convicted by a jury of armed robbery, kidnapping with bodily injury, and burglary. The trial court subsequently granted White's June 16, 2014 pro se motion for out-of-time appeal, and this appeal followed. White asserts on appeal that the trial court erred in overruling his counsel's objections to the court's questioning of the victim and that the evidence was insufficient to support his convictions. We affirm for the reasons set forth below.

Viewed in the light most favorable to the verdict,1 the evidence showed that on August 16, 1996, at around 9:00 p.m., 63–year–old Jack Morris left his place of business in his truck and drove home after a quick stop at a store. When Morris arrived home, he went inside and placed his briefcase on the living room sofa and turned on lights inside and outside of the house. When Morris went back outside to retrieve his mail, White confronted him, put a gun to his head, and ordered him to open his truck door. After searching the truck, White forced Morris back inside his house. White grabbed the briefcase off the sofa in the living room and took Morris and his briefcase to the dining room. White opened the briefcase, scattered the papers inside, and kept asking where the money was. At that point, White took Morris's ring, watch, and a small caliber handgun from the briefcase and put them in his pocket. He also demanded Morris's wallet and took $40 to $45 and credit cards from inside. White then forced Morris into the kitchen and from there, into the den where he demanded that Morris unlock his gun cabinet. He directed Morris to take the rifles and shotguns out of the cabinet and lay them on the floor, and he told Morris to remove the ammunition and put it in a plastic bag, which Morris did.

Next, White forced Morris into the back bedroom of the house and then into the front bedroom. White ordered Morris to lie down on the bed and then snatched the telephone cord from the wall. White put a pillow over Morris's head, put the gun next to the pillow, and fired. White left the room, and Morris, who had survived the gunshot, retrieved another gun that he kept under his mattress and followed White out of the bedroom. Morris found White at his front door with a stack of guns in front of him. When White turned to face him, Morris fired his gun. White crawled toward the dining room then got up and ran into the kitchen. Morris then fired a second shot. He heard White drop the bag of ammunition and heard the back door slam. Morris went to the back door and locked it, and after locking the front door, he called police. The gunshot had entered Morris's left chest, injuring his chest and lung and fracturing multiple ribs. Morris underwent surgery to treat his injuries and to remove the bullet. He remained in intensive care for ten days.

After their arrests, White and his co-defendant, Alvin Jones, told police that they had spotted Morris leaving the mall and followed him to the store and then home in order to rob him. White admitted that he had confronted Morris with a gun outside his house, forced him back inside, walked him around the house, and then forced him to remove the guns from the cabinet. White also admitted to hitting Morris in the head with the gun and to shooting him but said that occurred because they were struggling. Afterward, White and Jones drove to Darien, Georgia, where White hid some guns and threw the shirt he was wearing out the car window. Police later recovered the shirt, and the blood on it was identified as belonging to Morris. White took police to the location where he hid the guns, and one of the guns recovered was identified as the gun used to shoot Morris, and another gun was identified as belonging to Morris. The evidence at trial also showed that White had pawned Morris's ring at a pawn shop the day after the incident.

White testified at trial and admitted, inter alia, that he was at Morris's house on the day of the incident with a gun; that he intended to steal something when he went into the house; that he ordered Morris to open the gun cabinet, take the guns out and put the ammunition in the bag; that he took Morris's ring and pawned it; that he shot Morris; that afterward he went to Darien to hide the guns; and that his shirt was thrown out the window on the way.

1. White asserts that the trial court erred in overruling his counsel's objection to the court's own questions posed to Morris at the end of his testimony.2 The trial judge asked Morris whether he gave White or his accomplice authority to come to his house and enter his house, to which Morris replied in the negative. And the trial court asked whether White or the accomplice exhibited any lawful authority to hold him, to which Morris replied, “No, sir.”

White's attorney objected to this questioning arguing the State “had failed to elicit material evidence to indicate the elements of the offense.”3 He stated that he had been planning to raise a motion for directed verdict on this basis. He objected to the court's asking questions to provide elements that the State had failed to prove in its direct or redirect of Morris.

It is well settled that [a] trial judge may propound questions to a witness to develop the truth of the case or to clarify testimony, and the extent of such an examination is a matter for the trial court's discretion.” (Citation omitted.) Finley v. State, 286 Ga. 47, 51(9), 685 S.E.2d 258 (2009). See also Dickens v. State, 280 Ga. 320, 323–324(3), 627 S.E.2d 587 (2006). And because the transcript demonstrates no improper expression or intimation of opinion by the trial court in violation of OCGA § 17–8–57, we find no error.

2. White also asserts that the evidence was insufficient to support his convictions for armed robbery, burglary and kidnapping. On appeal, this Court “does not weigh evidence or resolve conflicts in trial testimony.” (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Hargrave v. State, 311 Ga.App. 852, 855(2), 717 S.E.2d 485 (2011). Rather, this Court “can only review the evidence to determine if there is any evidence to support the verdict.” Drake v. State, 241 Ga. 583, 585(1), 247 S.E.2d 57 (1978).

Thus, to the extent that White asserts that his convictions are against the weight of the evidence, we note that “such an argument may only be made to a trial court in a motion for new trial, not to an appellate court on appeal. We do not have the discretion to grant a new trial on these grounds.” (Citations and punctuation omitted.) Hughes v. State, 297 Ga.App. 581, 582(1), 677 S.E.2d 674 (2009). See also Drake v. State, 241 Ga. at 585(1), 247 S.E.2d 57 (1978).

(a) Under OCGA § 16–8–41(a), [a] person commits the offense of armed robbery when, with intent to commit theft, he or she takes property of another from the person or the immediate presence of another by use of an offensive weapon[.] We find the record contains ample evidence to support White's conviction for armed robbery. The evidence showed that White and Jones followed Morris home for the express purpose of robbing Morris and that White pointed his gun at Morris's head and took his ring, his watch, money, credit cards and guns.

(b) At the pertinent time, the burglary statute provided that [a] person commits the offense of burglary ... when, without authority and with the intent to commit a felony or theft therein, he enters or remains within [the] dwelling house of another....” OCGA § 16–7–1(b) (Ga. L. 1980, p. 770, § 1). See also State v. Newton, 294 Ga. 767, 770–771, 755 S.E.2d 786 (2014). Morris testified that White forced him inside at gunpoint, thus raising an inference that White's entry into the house was without Morris's authority, and as noted above, Morris further testified that he had not given White the authority to enter his house. Additionally, White admitted at trial that he entered the house with the intent to steal from Morris. This and other evidence at trial was sufficient to support White's burglary conviction.

(c) White also asserts that the evidence was insufficient to support his conviction for kidnapping...

To continue reading

Request your trial
4 cases
  • Woodard v. State
    • United States
    • Georgia Court of Appeals
    • October 17, 2019
    ...(punctuation omitted); accord Westbrooks v. State , 309 Ga. App. 398, 399-400 (1), 710 S.E.2d 594 (2011).6 White v. State , 332 Ga. App. 495, 498 (2) (c), 773 S.E.2d 448 (2015) (punctuation omitted).7 James v. State , 239 Ga. App. 541, 541 (1), 521 S.E.2d 465 (1999) ; accord Greene v. State......
  • Alexander v. State
    • United States
    • Georgia Court of Appeals
    • February 28, 2019
    ...various rooms during robbery because doing so made it substantially easier for the defendants to commit the robbery); White v. State , 332 Ga. App. 495, 498-499 (2) (c), 773 S.E.2d 448 (2015) (sufficient evidence of 348 Ga.App. 866 asportation under Garza where jury could infer that movemen......
  • Jefferson v. State
    • United States
    • Georgia Court of Appeals
    • August 13, 2021
    ...entered the victim's house and before he forced the victim from the living room into another room. See White v. State , 332 Ga. App. 495, 499 (2) (c), 773 S.E.2d 448 (2015). Consequently, the jury was authorized to find that such forced movement did not "occur[ ] while in the commission of"......
  • Taylor v. State
    • United States
    • Georgia Court of Appeals
    • December 20, 2017
    ...was not merely incidental, the evidence was sufficient to support Taylor's conviction for kidnapping. See White v. State , 332 Ga. App. 495, 498-99 (2) (c), 773 S.E.2d 448 (2015) (evidence sufficient where jury could infer that movement of victim to a different room in the house was for pur......

VLEX uses login cookies to provide you with a better browsing experience. If you click on 'Accept' or continue browsing this site we consider that you accept our cookie policy. ACCEPT