Williams v. I.N.S.

• Decision Date: 13 September 1985
• Docket Number: No. 85-1139,85-1139
• Parties: Grace WILLIAMS, Petitioner, Appellant, v. IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION SERVICE, Respondent, Appellee.
• Court: U.S. Court of Appeals — First Circuit

Page 8

773 F.2d 8

Grace WILLIAMS, Petitioner, Appellant, v. IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION SERVICE, Respondent, Appellee.

No. 85-1139.

United States Court of Appeals First Circuit.

Argued Aug. 6, 1985.

Decided Sept. 13, 1985.

Mark L. Galvin of Watt, Galvin & Sanchez, Providence, R.I., for petitioner, appellant.

Morris Deutsch, Washington, D.C., with whom Michael P. Lindemann, James A. Hunolt and Richard K. Willard, Washington, D.C., were on brief for the Government.

Before CAMPBELL, Chief Judge, BOWNES and TORRUELLA, Circuit Judges.

BOWNES, Circuit Judge.

We review an order of the Immigration and Naturalization Service Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA) not to reopen a deportation proceeding. The order prevents petitioner from applying for a stay of deportation and for adjustment of status under 8 U.S.C. Sec. 1255 (1982).

Petitioner Grace Williams, a native and citizen of Liberia, entered the United States on July 24, 1970, as a nonimmigrant student authorized to remain until July 23, 1971. Petitioner overstayed her authorization by four and one-half years. On December 18, 1975, the INS issued an order to show cause why she should not be deported. After the hearing, petitioner was found deportable and granted the privilege of voluntarily departing by March 1, 1976. This date was later extended to April 21, 1976. Because she failed to depart voluntarily, petitioner was ordered deported on June 21, 1976. She left the United States on her own on June 19, 1976.

Petitioner promptly reentered the United States on June 25, 1976, as a nonimmigrant student with permission to remain until February 15, 1977. She had procured this student visa without having revealed the circumstances of her earlier departure or having sought reentry permission from the Attorney General as required by 8 U.S.C Secs. 1325, 1326. On July 18, 1977, petitioner requested an extension, which was denied. The INS did, however, grant her until August 2, 1977, to depart voluntarily, which she did not do. On August 18, 1977, the INS issued an order to show cause why petitioner should not be deported. On August 1, 1978, the show-cause deportation proceedings were terminated when an immigration judge gave petitioner permission to reapply nunc pro tunc for admission.

Another show cause order was issued on September 1, 1978, charging petitioner with overstaying her student visa authorization period. Petitioner, after a hearing, was found deportable for overstaying her visa authorization; she was again granted voluntary departure. No appeal was taken from this decision. Petitioner received an extension of her voluntary departure date to December 6, 1980, but, following her prior practice, she did not leave the United States on the departure date.

On January 26, 1983, petitioner moved to reopen her deportation proceedings so she could apply for adjustment of status to that of a lawful permanent resident because of an earlier marriage to a United States citizen. The immigration judge denied the motion the day it was filed because it lacked critical supporting documentation. The BIA affirmed on December 30, 1983. No further review was sought by petitioner. She was ordered to report for deportation on February 23, 1984, which, of course, she did not do. The INS could not find petitioner until May 30, 1984, when her husband (second) filed a visa petition on her behalf. Petitioner was ordered to surrender for deportation on November 1, 1984.

On November 6, 1984, petitioner's counsel notified INS that he would move to reopen so as to seek adjustment of status based on her husband's visa petition, and requested a stay of deportation pending determination of the motion. Petitioner and her counsel appeared at the INS office on November 9. The motion to reopen was filed on November 14. It was referred to the BIA which denied it as a matter of discretion on January 15, 1985. The Board found that petitioner's history of abuses of the immigration laws and repeated breaches of privileges granted her outweighed any favorable factors. We affirm.

The decision whether to reopen deportation proceedings is committed to the discretion of the Board. I.N.S. v. Rios-Pineda, --- U.S. ----, 105 S.Ct. 2098, 85 L.Ed.2d 452 (1985); I.N.S. v. Jong Ha Wang, 450 U.S. 139, 144-45, 101 S.Ct. 1027, 1031-32, 67 L.Ed.2d 123 (1981); I.N.S. v. Bagamasbad, 429 U.S. 24, 97 S.Ct. 200, 50 L.Ed.2d 190 (1976) (per curiam). A motion to reopen will not be granted unless a prima facie case for relief is established. I.N.S. v. Jong Ha Wang, 450 U.S. at 141, 101 S.Ct. at 1029; Luna v. I.N.S., 709 F.2d 126, 127 (1st Cir.1983). But "if the Attorney General decides that relief should be denied as a matter of discretion, he need not consider whether the threshold statutory eligibility requirements are met." Rios-Pineda, --- U.S. at ----, 105 S.Ct. at 2102. The issue, therefore, is whether the Board's refusal to reopen was arbitrary, capricious or an abuse of discretion. Holley v. I.N.S., 727 F.2d 189, 190-91 (1st Cir.1984); Mesa v. I.N.S., 726 F.2d 39, 41 (1st Cir.1984).

In LeBlanc v. I.N.S., 715 F.2d 685 (1st Cir.1983), we applied the following standard to the Board's refusal to reopen: "The denial will be upheld unless it 'was made without a rational explanation, inexplicably departed from...