Auger v. State

• Decision Date: 18 December 1997
• Citation: 236 A.D.2d 177,666 N.Y.S.2d 760
• Parties: , 1997 N.Y. Slip Op. 11,091 Bruce AUGER, Respondent, v. STATE of New York, Appellant. (And Another Related Claim.)
• Court: New York Supreme Court — Appellate Division

Page 760

666 N.Y.S.2d 760

236 A.D.2d 177, 1997 N.Y. Slip Op. 11,091

Bruce AUGER, Respondent, v. STATE of New York, Appellant.

(And Another Related Claim.)

Supreme Court, Appellate Division,

Third Department.

Dec. 18, 1997.

Dennis C. Vacco, Attorney General (Michael S. Buskus, of counsel), Albany, for appellant.

Goldstein, Goldstein & Rikon (Michael Rikon, of counsel), New York City, for respondent.

Before CARDONA, P.J., and MERCURE, CASEY, SPAIN and CARPINELLO, JJ.

CASEY, Justice.

Appeal from an order of the Court of Claims (Benza, J.), entered March 17, 1997, which denied the State's motion for summary judgment dismissing the claims.

As a result of injuries he sustained in December 1989 while incarcerated in Eastern Correctional Facility in Ulster County, claimant commenced these two claims alleging that the State failed to provide proper supervision of the inmates and failed to give claimant appropriate medical treatment. On May 3, 1996, after extensive pretrial discovery and prior to the filing of a note of issue, the Court of Claims advised the parties that the trial of these claims would commence on February 24, 1997. By motion dated January 2, 1997, the State moved for summary judgment dismissing the claims. Claimant opposed the motion on the ground that it was untimely under the recent amendment to CPLR 3212(a) (L.1996, ch. 492) (hereinafter chapter 492), which places a 120-day time limit from the filing of the note of issue in which a party may bring a summary judgment motion.

The Court of Claims held that, as chapter 492 is procedural, it should be retroactively applied to the State's motion as it was made after the statute's January 1, 1997 effective date (L.1996, ch. 492, § 2). The court then decided that because no note of issue was filed here, the 120-day period should be measured from May 3, 1996, when it set a date certain for trial. As the State's motion was made after the 120 days expired, it was dismissed as untimely. The State now appeals.

Prior to its amendment, CPLR 3212(a) simply provided that a motion for summary judgment could be made at any time after issue was joined. The amendment, which went into effect January 1, 1997, sets parameters for the time in which a party may seek summary judgment. Specifically, the statute provides that "[i]f no such date is set by the court, such motion shall be made no later than [120] days after the filing of the note of issue, except with leave of court on good cause shown" (CPLR 3212[a] ). Although courts can set an earlier date, such date cannot be "earlier than [30] days after the filing of the note of issue" (CPLR 3212[a] ). The impetus for chapter 492 was to address the proliferation of eleventh hour motions made when there is inadequate time for reply or proper court consideration, and to prevent trial delays which often prejudice litigants who have spent extensive time and money in trial preparation.

Recently, trial courts have split on the issue of whether chapter 492 should have prospective or retroactive application (see, e.g., Citibank N.A. v. Olson, Sup. Ct., Richmond County, June 9, 1997, Maltese, J.; Carlstrand v. Kerwin, Sup. Ct., Nassau County, Mar. 5, 1997, Collins, J.), and no appellate court has addressed this issue. Generally, a statute or its amendment is to be applied prospectively unless its language or the legislative intent indicates otherwise (see, Matter of Bac v. State of New York Off. of Mental Health, 203 A.D.2d 283, 285, 609 N.Y.S.2d 648; McKinney's Cons. Laws of N.Y., Book 1, Statutes § 51[b]; § 52). An exception exists, however, for remedial statutes that deal with procedural matters (see, Majewski v. Broadalbin-Perth Cent. School Dist., 231 A.D.2d 102, 105-106, 661 N.Y.S.2d 293; Matter of Hynson [American Motors Sales Corp.--Chrysler Corp.], 164 A.D.2d 41, 48, 561 N.Y.S.2d 589). In such circumstances, the statute (or an amendment thereto) is construed to be retroactive and, as such, is deemed to apply to pending matters (McKinney's Cons. Laws of N.Y., Book 1, Statutes §§ 54, 55). As "procedural statutes may not retroactively destroy rights already accrued", such application to pending matters is only to procedural steps taken subsequent to the effective date of the statute (McKinney's Cons. Laws of N.Y., Book 1, Statutes § 55; see, Simonson v. International Bank, 14 N.Y.2d 281, 289-290, 251 N.Y.S.2d 433, 200 N.E.2d 427; Charbonneau v. State of New York, 148 Misc.2d 891, 895, 561 N.Y.S.2d 876, affd. 178 A.D.2d 815, 577 N.Y.S.2d...