Loranz' Estate, In re

• Decision Date: 05 May 1964
• Docket Number: No. 51307,51307
• Citation: 128 N.W.2d 224,256 Iowa 818
• Parties: In re ESTATE of Carrie M. LORANZ, Deceased. Alfred LORANZ, Appellant, v. Faye CASEY, Executrix of the Estate of Carrie Loranz, Deceased, and Faye Casey, Appellees.
• Court: Iowa Supreme Court

Page 224

128 N.W.2d 224

256 Iowa 818

In re ESTATE of Carrie M. LORANZ, Deceased.

Alfred LORANZ, Appellant, v. Faye CASEY, Executrix of the Estate of Carrie Loranz, Deceased, and Faye Casey, Appellees.

No. 51307.

Supreme Court of Iowa.

May 5, 1964.

Rehearing Denied July 15, 1964.

Stipe, Davidson & Hemphill, Clarinda, for appellant.

Mullin & Mullin, Creston, Martin & Wenger, Hamburg, Earl Fishbaugh, Jr., Shenandoah, and Turner & Dryden, Clarinda, for appellees.

MOORE, Justice.

This declaratory equity action was brought under the provisions of R.C.P. 262, 58 I.C.A. asking for construction of the residual clause in the will of Carrie M. Loranz, deceased, and declaration of rights to certain bank stock. It was submitted to the trial court upon an agreed statement of facts from which it appears Carrie M. Loranz died October 26, 1961 leaving her will dated August 30, 1957 which was duly admitted for probate in Page County November 14, 1961. Defendant, Faye Casey, to whom the testatrix referred as 'my dear friend' was nominated executrix and so appointed.

The will, which is not contested here, specifically devises her home to her church, bequeaths her househeld furniture, certain stock and certificates to her friend and former fellow employee, Faye Casey, all her stock in the Page County State Bank to M. M. Dryden, all her stock in Loranz and Company to her nephew, Alfred, Loranz, or to his heirs, share and share alike, $100 to Lois Manning and $500 and her automobile to Dennis Hulse.

Following these specific bequests the will provides:

'If at the time of my death, I should own or be entitled to any other property of any kind and description, either real or personal, that has not been specifically devised or bequeathed above, then it is my Will and I hereby give, devise and bequeath the same to Faye Casey.'

M. M. Dryden, attorney for Carrie M. Loranz for many years, on July 18, 1962 filed a renunciation of the bank stock bequest to him. The controversy now before us resulted.

Plaintiff, Alfred Loranz, the closest surviving heir of the decedent contends here, as he did before the trial court, that the bank stock should be declared and distributed as intestate property. Defendant's contention, with which the trial court agreed, is that the bank stock became her property under the residuary clause. Plaintiff has appealed from the adverse ruling of the trial court.

The sole issue presented here is whether the renounced gift became intestate property or part of the residue.

The rules and principles of law involved herein are well settled. The disagreement of the parties in this action involves not the principles, but their application.

The primary and controlling consideration in actions of this kind is the determination of the intention of the testator. When that has been done the intention must be made effective if it is a lawful one, and not against public policy. The intention of the testator must be ascertained from the will itself and from nothing else, if its language is plain and unambiguous. Where the intention is thus clearly and unequivocally expressed there is no need for judicial constructin or extrinsic evidence, and all must yield. The intention must be that which is manifest from the express language of the will or by necessary implication. In re Estate of Syverson, 239 Iowa 800, 804, 32 N.W.2d 799, 801; In re Estate of Artz, 254 Iowa 1064, 1069, 120 N.W.2d 418, 422; Palmer v. Evans, Iowa, 124 N.W.2d 856, 859.

The intent of the testatrix is to be gathered from the will as a whole, giving effect to each provision thereof, if reasonably possible, and thus avoid any construction which would defeat the manifest purpose so expressed. In re Estate of Yarolem, 247 Iowa 849, 852, 76 N.W.2d 770, 771 and citations.

It is well settled that a devisee or legatee may renounce any gift made to him and that a renunciation relates back to the time when,...