Massachusetts Turnpike Authority v. Com.

• Decision Date: 29 May 1964
• Citation: 347 Mass. 524,199 N.E.2d 175
• Court: United States State Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts Supreme Court
• Parties: MASSACHUSETTS TURNPIKE AUTHORITY v. COMMONWEALTH.

Page 175

199 N.E.2d 175

347 Mass. 524

MASSACHUSETTS TURNPIKE AUTHORITY v. COMMONWEALTH.

Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, Middlesex.

Argued May 4, 1964.

Decided May 29, 1964.

Charles F. Mahoney, Boston (Thomas J. Wilgren, Boston, with him) for petitioner.

Frederic E. Greenman, Asst. Atty. Gen. (John F. St. Cyr, Legal Asst. to Atty. Gen., with him) for respondent.

Before WILKINS, C. J., and WHITTEMORE, CUTTER, KIRK, and SPIEGEL, JJ.

WILKINS, Chief Justice.

The petitioner is 'a body politic and corporate' established by St.1952, c. 354, as amended, 'and is a public instrumentality performing an essential governmental function.' It owns and operates a toll express highway running easterly from the New York State line and terminating in Weston at the date of filing the petition. On March 28, 1961, the Commonwealth, acting through its Department of Public Works, purported to take by eminent domain for highway purposes certain parcels of land in Weston owned by the petitioner and awarded damages of $1. Part of the land is within the confines of its express toll way. There was also a taking in fee of approximately 5.16 acres in Newton and a temporary easement in unspecified land. The use previously made of these parcels does not appear, and there is nothing to show that they were held other than in the petitioner's public capacity. The petition prays for the assessment of damages. G.L. c. 79, as amended.

The respondent filed a motion to dismiss the petition for want of jurisdiction because (a) the provisions of G.L. c. 79 'do not apply to public land taking [sic] for highway purposes'; and (b) the provisions of St.1955, c. 693, and St.1957, c. 657, 'apply to public land taken for highway purposes.' The motion was allowed, and the petitioner appealed.

A motion to dismiss must be based upon matters appearing on the face of the record. Graustein v. Boston & Maine R. R., 304 Mass. 23, 25, 22 N.E.2d 594; Zwick v. Goldberg, 304 Mass. 66, 69, 22 N.E.2d 661; Furlong v. Cronan, 305 Mass. 464, 465, 26 N.E.2d 382. The parties in their briefs have set forth statements of fact outside the record. ¹ These are not properly before us and must be disregarded. Neither shall we read into the petition an issue of fact as to whether any of the land is held in a proprietary capacity.

The motion to dismiss is identical, even to the mistake in phraseology of ground (a), with the motion to dismiss in Worcester v. Commonwealth, 345 Mass. 99, 185 N.E.2d 633. In that case the city brought a petition under G.L. c. 79 for the assessment of damages for the taking of two parcels, one used for school purposes, and the other for a park, which were not held by the city in its proprietary capacity and were not subject to any trust. In up-holding the action of the trial judge in dismissing the petition, we decided that whatever rights to compensation the city had were under St.1955, c. 693, § 1, and St.1957, c. 657, and not under G.L. c. 79.

Statute 1955, c. 693, is entitled, 'An Act providing for reimbursement for lands transferred by state departments or agencies.' In § 1 it is provided: 'Notwithstanding any provisions of law, except the provisions of chapter three hundred and fifty-four of the acts of nineteen hundred and fifty-two and amendments thereto, authorizing the taking by eminent domain or otherwise of certain public lands for highway improvements without the payment of damages therefor, the state department of public works or such other department, authority or public agency as may be involved is hereby authorized and directed to pay to the city, town, department, authority or agency in possession of lands so taken, transferred or used an amount to be mutually agreed upon.'

Section 1 was amended by St.1957, c. 657, entitled, 'An Act providing that the real estate review board shall determine the amount to be paid for public lands taken for highway purposes,' by adding the following: 'In the event that the parties concerned are unable to mutually agree upon the amounts to be paid as herein provided the matter shall be referred to the real estate review board created by section six of chapter four hundred and three of the acts of nineteen hundred and fifty-four which shall determine the amount to be paid, and said determination shall be final. The provisions of this act shall apply also to all park or beach lands or lands used for park or beach purposes so taken, transferred or used on or after June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and fifty.'

Our decision in Worcester v. Commonwealth, 345 Mass. 99, 185 N.E.2d 633, supra, is decisive of the present case unless there is to be drawn a distinction between municipal corporations and the petitioner's status as an Authority. We do not draw this distinction. Our attention is directed to elementary statements in our opinions to the effect that an Authority is a separate entity and has an existence apart from that of the Commonwealth. See Johnson-Foster Co. v. D'Amore Constr. Co., 314 Mass. 416, 419, 50 N.E.2d 89, 148 A.L.R. 353; Opinion of the Justices, 334 Mass. 721, 734, 136 N.E.2d 223; Waite Hardware Co. v. Ardini & Pfau, Inc., 339 Mass. 634, 637, 162 N.E.2d 13; Commonwealth v. Biddiscombe, Mass., 198 N.E.2d 409. ² None of these cases expresses the view that an Authority is in a different position in this respect than is a municipal corporation. Indeed, in Opinion of the Justices, 322 Mass. 745, 752, 78 N.E.2d 197, 201, it was said 'that a housing authority is not the Commonwealth itself any more than a city would be the Commonwealth'; and in Opinion of the Justices, 334 Mass. 721, 734, 136 N.E.2d 223, supra, the Massachusetts Port Authority was said to bear 'considerable analogy to a municipal corporation.'

Obviously, this 'public corporation' (see Opinion of the Justices, 330 Mass. 713, 719, 113 N.E.2d 452; Luke v. Massachusetts Turnpike Authy., 337 Mass. 304, 307, 149 N.E.2d 225), whose members are appointed by the Governor with the advice and consent of the Council, does not partake of the nature of a superstate greater than the sovereign which created it. The Authority is placed in the Department of Public Works, although, with exceptions presently immaterial, it is not made subject to the supervision and regulation of that department or any other department or agency of the Commonwealth. St.1952, c. 354, § 3. It makes an annual report to the Governor and to the General Court; its annual audits are public records. St.1952, c. 354, § 15. Its accounts are subject to an annual audit by the State auditor. G.L. c. 11, § 12, as amended through St.1962, c. 733. It may make long term leases on behalf of itself and the Commonwealth. St.1963, c. 505. When all its bonds shall have been paid or payment provided for, the turnpike is to become part of the State highway system. Its other assets will be turned over to the Commonwealth, and this 'public instrumentality' will be dissolved. St.1952, c. 354, § 17.

We reject the contention that anything in § 5 of c. 79 aids the petitioner. This section does not restrict the power of the Commonwealth. See Burnes v. Metropolitan Dist. Comm., 325 Mass. 731, 92 N.E.2d 381. The argument based on § 45 of c. 79 merits no discussion.

We now consider contentions based upon the phraseology of St.1955, c. 693. (1) The petitioner argues that by § 1, supra, it is excluded from the application of that chapter. The draftsmanship is...