Michael-Curry Companies, Inc. v. Knutson Shareholders Liquidating Tust

• Decision Date: 24 May 1988
• Docket Number: MICHAEL-CURRY,No. CX-87-2524,CX-87-2524
• Citation: 423 N.W.2d 407
• Parties: COMPANIES, INC., Appellant, v. KNUTSON SHAREHOLDERS LIQUIDATING TRUST, et al., Respondents.
• Court: Minnesota Court of Appeals

Page 407

423 N.W.2d 407

MICHAEL-CURRY COMPANIES, INC., Appellant, v. KNUTSON SHAREHOLDERS LIQUIDATING TRUST, et al., Respondents.

No. CX-87-2524.

Court of Appeals of Minnesota.

May 24, 1988.

Review Denied June 29, 1988

Syllabus by the Court

Where appellant met its burden of establishing the threat of irreparable harm, inadequate legal remedy, balancing of the hardships in its favor, and probability of success on the merits, the trial court abused its discretion in denying a temporary injunction.

Marvin T. Fabyanske, Gary F. Albrecht, Fabyanske, Svoboda, Westra, Holper & Davis, P.A., St. Paul, for appellant.

John L. Devney, J. Patrick McDavitt, Briggs and Morgan, St. Paul, for respondents.

Heard, considered and decided by LANSING, P.J., and SCHUMACHER and LOMMEN, ^* JJ.

OPINION

SCHUMACHER, Judge.

This is an appeal from an order denying a temporary injunction. The trial court concluded that appellant had an adequate legal remedy that appellant had not proved immediate and irreparable harm or that success on the merits was likely; that an injunction would pose an undue hardship on respondents; and that the administrative burden placed on the court dictated that an injunction should not issue. Michael-Curry Companies, Inc. appeals.

FACTS

Respondent Knutson Shareholders Liquidating Trust ("Trust") was formed as part of the liquidation plan of Knutson Companies. The Trust was formed in August of 1985 and Knutson Companies dissolved in September of 1985. On September 16, 1985, appellant Michael-Curry Companies executed an agreement with the Knutson Companies to purchase D & L Building, Inc., a Wyoming construction company. D & L was one of Knutson's three subsidiaries, and was actively working on sixteen projects which had contracts in amounts varying from approximately $44,000 to $9.6 million. Pursuant to the sale agreement, Michael-Curry agreed to complete projects and to "indemnify and save harmless" Knutson from claims arising out of the projects on work performed from and after the closing of the sale. Knutson agreed to "indemnify, defend, and hold harmless" Michael-Curry from all claims arising from work performed prior to the closing. Knutson retained its own claims for $818,000 in damages arising prior to the sale, and a profit-sharing plan was created.

The parties amended the agreement on December 27, 1985. The amendment provided that Michael-Curry would assume liability for defending and indemnifying the Trust for all claims arising out of projects unfinished at the time of the transfer and for all projects subsequently entered into by D & L. The Trust would be liable only for projects completed prior to the transfer, and it abandoned its right to pursue the $818,000 damage claims and its rights under the profit-sharing plan. The amendment limited the Trust's duty to defend and indemnify to $250,000, the purchase price of the stock, and provided that the Trust unconditionally guaranteed a total profit of $125,000 on the unfinished projects.

Prior to the sale Knutson had obtained construction bonding from Travelers Indemnity Company. Knutson was not released from the indemnity obligation by the sale. After the sale, the Trust agreed to provide Travelers with a letter of credit to secure repayment of any money Travelers paid on the bonds. The letter of credit for $7 million was obtained by pledging $1 of Trust assets for each $1 of credit.

In December, 1987 Michael-Curry discovered that the letter of credit, then $2.3 million, was to be reduced to $1 million, freeing $1.3 million for distribution to the Trust's six beneficiaries. On December 16, 1987 Michael-Curry obtained a temporary restraining order preventing distribution of any trust assets. Michael-Curry's motion for a temporary injunction was heard on December 23, 1987, at which time Michael-Curry submitted an affidavit alleging that losses, costs and expenses on the projects covered by the profit guaranty totaled $4.2 million. Trust assets were approximately $3.9 million.

On December 29, 1987, the trial court denied the temporary injunction and Michael-Curry appeals. We reverse.

ISSUE

Did the trial court abuse its discretion in denying appellant's motion for a temporary injunction?

ANALYSIS

The standard of review on appeal from a denial of a temporary injunction is whether the trial court clearly abused its discretion by disregarding either the facts or equitable considerations. Thompson v. Barnes, 294 Minn. 528, 533, 200 N.W.2d 921, 925 (1972). The moving party must show irreparable harm and inadequate legal remedy. Cherne Industrial, Inc. v. Grounds & Associates, Inc., 278 N.W.2d 81, 92 (Minn.1979). Relevant factors include the nature of the relationship between the parties prior to the dispute; the harm suffered by the moving party if the injunction is denied, compared to the harm suffered by the nonmoving party if granted; the likelihood of success on the merits; and the administrative burden of enforcing the injunction. Dahlberg Brothers, Inc. v. Ford Motor Co., 272 Minn. 264, 274-75, 137 N.W.2d 314, 321-22 (1965).

1. Irreparable Harm

Michael-Curry argues that the Trust has an absolute and unconditional duty to reimburse it for all losses incurred on several building projects and that if the funds from which it would be compensated are distributed to the Trust beneficiaries, collection of a judgment will become difficult or impossible.

The primary purpose of the Trust is to liquidate and distribute Trust assets to the six beneficiaries. Michael-Curry's claim against the Trust pursuant to the guaranty is for $4.2 million. While the Trust maintains that Michael-Curry's damages are limited by agreement to $250,000, interpretation of these two conflicting agreements should be resolved at a hearing on the merits. If the trustees distribute assets, pursuant to the express trust purpose of liquidation, any judgment against the Trust would be impossible to collect.

The trial court found that Michael-Curry had not established any irreparable harm. However, inability to satisfy a monetary judgment has been recognized as irreparable harm sufficient to justify injunctive relief. Central States v. Admiral Merchants Motor Freight, Inc., 511 F.Supp. 38, 43 (D.Minn.1980) aff'd 642 F.2d 1122 (8th Cir.1981). Michael-Curry could pursue recovery from the beneficiaries, but from a practical standpoint, recovery would be much more difficult. Difficulty in collecting a judgment is sufficient to establish irreparable injury. Tri-State Generation & Transmission Association, Inc. v. Shoshone River Power, Inc., 805 F.2d 351, 355 (10th Cir.1986). The reasoning used by the federal courts in these cases is persuasive. The trial court abused its discretion in finding no irreparable harm.

2. Adequacy of Legal Remedy

The trial court concluded that attachment would be an adequate remedy at law for Michael-Curry. Minn.Stat. §§ 570.01-.14 (1986). Where there is an adequate remedy at law, equitable relief is not available. AMF Pinspotters, Inc. v. Harkins Bowling, Inc., 260 Minn. 499, 504, 110 N.W.2d 348, 351 (1961). Successful attachment requires proof of intent to delay or defraud, intent to avoid creditors, or commission of a felony giving rise to the claim for which relief is sought. Minn.Stat. § 570.02, subd. 1 (1986). Because the sole purpose of the Trust was to liquidate and distribute Trust assets, proof of fraudulent or dilatory intent to dispose of the assets or intentional avoidance of creditors would be virtually impossible, making attachment unavailable. The trustees in this case are bound by the trust instrument to distribute assets, and the trial court specifically found that future distributions are intended. The trustees have submitted affidavits stating that they have no intent to delay or defraud creditors.

The trial court found that attachment was an adequate legal remedy if Michael-Curry could prove the grounds required by the attachment statute. However, due to the nature of...