Newman v. Savas

• Decision Date: 26 September 2003
• Parties: Anna Belle NEWMAN, as administrator of the estate of Joseph E. Kennedy, deceased v. Helen Kennedy SAVAS.
• Court: Alabama Supreme Court

878 So.2d 1147

Anna Belle NEWMAN, as administrator of the estate of Joseph E. Kennedy, deceased v. Helen Kennedy SAVAS.

1021189.

Supreme Court of Alabama.

September 26, 2003.

Nathan P. Friedlander, Mobile, for appellant.

V. Al Pennington, Mobile; and Walter H. Honeycutt, Mobile, for appellee.

STUART, Justice.

Anna Belle Newman, as administrator of the estate of Joseph E. Kennedy, deceased, appeals from a summary judgment entered by the Mobile Circuit Court in favor of Helen Kennedy Savas.

Facts

In October 1990, attorney Chris Peters prepared a will for Joseph E. Kennedy and witnessed Kennedy's execution of the will. Subsequently, the original will was lost or misplaced, and upon Kennedy's death on April 16, 2001, the original will remained lost.

In July 2001, Anna Belle Newman, the general administrator for Mobile County, filed a petition in the Probate Court for Mobile County to probate a copy of Kennedy's lost will. In November 2001, Helen Kennedy Savas, Kennedy's daughter and his only natural heir, filed a will contest, alleging that the will presented for probate was invalid and that it did not reflect the true intentions of Kennedy. On December 21, 2001, the probate judge admitted the lost will to probate.

On January 23, 2002, Savas filed a motion for a new trial, or, in the alternative, for a judgment as a matter of law in the probate court. Subsequently, the probate court granted Savas's motion for a new trial, and, upon notice that the probate court had granted the motion, Savas filed, on February 14, 2002, an amended complaint contesting the will and a motion to transfer the will contest to the Mobile Circuit Court. In response, Newman filed an objection to the motion to transfer, alleging that removal to the circuit court was untimely because it was made posttrial.

On April 19, 2002, the probate court issued an order denying Newman's motion to alter, amend, or vacate the order of the probate court granting the new trial. The April 19 order also granted Savas's motion to transfer the will contest to the circuit court. In the circuit court, Newman filed a motion to dismiss for lack of subject-matter jurisdiction and asked that the contest be remanded to the probate court. Savas then filed a response to the motion to dismiss; the trial court summarily denied the motion; and the parties then each filed a motion for a summary judgment. After a hearing on the competing summary-judgment motions, the circuit court, in March 2003, entered an order granting Savas's summary-judgment motion and denying Newman's summary-judgment motion. Newman appealed.

On appeal, Newman argues that the circuit court erred in refusing to dismiss the will contest for lack of subject-matter jurisdiction and then erred in granting Savas's summary-judgment motion. Because we conclude that the circuit court did not have subject-matter jurisdiction, we pretermit any discussion of whether the summary judgment was proper.

Standard of Review

A ruling on a motion to dismiss is reviewed without a presumption of correctness. Nance v. Matthews, 622 So.2d 297, 299 (Ala.1993). This Court must accept the allegations of the complaint as true. Creola Land Dev., Inc. v. Bentbrooke Housing, L.L.C., 828 So.2d 285, 288 (Ala.2002). Furthermore, in reviewing a ruling on a motion to dismiss we will not consider whether the pleader will ultimately prevail but whether the pleader may possibly prevail. Nance, 622 So.2d at 299.

Issue and Analysis

Newman contends that the circuit court erred in refusing to dismiss this case because, she says, the circuit court did not have subject-matter jurisdiction over the will contest.

Section 43-8-198, Ala.Code 1975, as amended, gives a circuit court authority to hear will contests, stating, "Upon the demand of any party to the contest, made in writing at the time of the filing of the initial pleading, the probate court, or the judge thereof, must enter an order transferring the contest to the circuit court of the county in which the contest is made...." A will contestant's "initial pleading" is "the filing of the contest itself in the probate court." Marshall v. Vreeland, 571 So.2d 1037, 1038 (Ala.1990).

Moreover, "[b]ecause will contest jurisdiction is statutorily conferred, the procedural requirements of the applicable statute must be complied with exactly." Kaller v. Rigdon, 480 So.2d 536, 538 (Ala.1985). In Kaller, this Court stated:

"[B]ecause the proponent did not file a pleading at the same time he filed the motion to transfer, he did not comply with the procedures mandated by the statute. Since the statute was not exactly complied with, the circuit court lacked jurisdiction to try the contest."

480 So.2d at 538 (although Kaller involved the proponent of a will, rather than a contestant, the language of the statute applies similarly to both). Therefore, if a party does not follow the statutory requirements "exactly," the opportunity to remove the case is lost.

In this case, Savas did not file a petition for removal when she filed her initial pleading — the notice of the will contest. Therefore, Newman asserts, the procedural requirements of § 43-8-198 were not complied with and the circuit court did not have subject-matter jurisdiction over the will contest. However, Savas contends that because her motion for a new trial was granted after the probate court had admitted the will to probate, the granting of the motion for a new trial renewed the opportunity to remove the will contest to the circuit court. Thus, this Court must determine whether the granting of a motion for a new trial in the probate court revives the opportunity to remove a will contest to the circuit court.

First, interpreting the plain language of the statute, we conclude that Savas was required to demand the transfer of the will...