People v. Burry, 100568.

• Decision Date: 05 June 2008
• Docket Number: 100568.
• Citation: 2008 NY Slip Op 04956,52 A.D.3d 856,859 N.Y.S.2d 499
• Parties: THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, Respondent, v. CLYDE BURRY, Appellant.
• Court: New York Supreme Court — Appellate Division

52 A.D.3d 856

859 N.Y.S.2d 499

2008 NY Slip Op 04956

THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, Respondent, v. CLYDE BURRY, Appellant.

100568.

Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York, Third Department.

Decided June 5, 2008.

Appeal from a judgment of the County Court of Ulster County (Bruhn, J.), rendered July 31, 2006, upon a verdict convicting defendant of the crimes of criminal possession of a controlled substance in the third degree and criminal use of drug paraphernalia in the second degree.

Stein, J.

After a conviction in March 2002 for criminal sale of a controlled substance in the third degree, defendant was originally released on parole in August 2003 and placed under the supervision of Parole Officer Lawrence Johnson. As a condition of his parole, defendant signed an agreement which provided, in pertinent part, that defendant would permit his parole officer to visit him at his residence and would permit the search and inspection of defendant's person, residence and property. Pursuant to that document, defendant was placed under the jurisdiction of the Division of Parole until March 18, 2006. Defendant subsequently violated his parole, his parole release was revoked and he was incarcerated until he was again released on parole in February 2005; at that time, Johnson was again assigned as his parole officer.

In August 2005, Johnson received an anonymous telephone call informing him that defendant was dealing drugs. The caller specifically stated that drugs could be found in the upper righthand drawer of defendant's dresser. Acting on that tip, Johnson went to the local police department to request that officers accompany him to defendant's home to provide security while he conducted a parole search. Johnson and uniformed officers Michael Doria and Richard Jacobs went to defendant's home sometime between 11:30 P.M. and midnight.

When Johnson rang the door bell, a child answered and defendant was spotted on the narrow set of stairs leading to the second story of the house. Johnson instructed defendant to proceed to the top of the stairs and wait for him there. According to Johnson, he and the police officers ascended the staircase, Johnson instructed defendant to identify the room in which he slept and defendant complied. The four men entered the bedroom and one or both police officers stood in front of the door. Johnson then stated that he had been informed that defendant was in the narcotics business and asked defendant if he minded if he looked around. Defendant did not answer, but started shaking and hyperventilating and repeatedly looked in the direction of his dresser. Johnson then went to the dresser, opened the upper right-hand drawer and removed a package of packets wrapped in rubber bands which appeared to be illegal drugs. After handing the package to Jacobs, Johnson asked defendant, "What is this?" Johnson testified that defendant began sobbing and crying uncontrollably and replied, "[I]t's heroin, it's mine and you don't need to look any further." Defendant also commented that he "would be in jail when his baby was born." Defendant was placed in handcuffs and Jacobs advised him that he was being arrested for possession of a controlled substance. Following repeated questioning by Jacobs, defendant again admitted that the substance was heroin. Defendant was then taken to the police car and Johnson returned to the room. Upon further searching, Johnson discovered a scale and a wallet containing $700 and defendant's identification.

Defendant was indicted on one count of criminal possession of a controlled substance in the third degree and one count of criminal use of drug paraphernalia in the second degree. After a suppression hearing, County Court found that the written release that defendant had signed in August 2003 was still in effect when defendant was searched in August 2005. Thus, the court ruled that the search conducted by Johnson was in accordance with the conditions of defendant's release and the items were properly seized. The court further held that defendant's statements—that the packets contained heroin and were his— were admissible as spontaneous statements. However, County Court also ruled that defendant was then taken into custody and, therefore, the statements he made in response to police officers' questioning while in transit from his home to the police station and prior to being read his Miranda rights were inadmissible.

After a jury trial, defendant was found guilty of both crimes charged. He was then sentenced as a second felony offender to a prison term of seven years, followed by a three-year period of postrelease supervision, on the possession count and, on the use of drug paraphernalia count, a term of 360 days which merged with the seven-year sentence. Defendant appeals.

We find no merit to defendant's contention that the warrantless search of his home was unconstitutional and the evidence seized as a result of that search should have been suppressed. It is true "that in consequence of his acquiring status as a parolee, [defendant] did not surrender his constitutional rights against unreasonable searches and seizures" (People v Huntley, 43 NY2d 175, 181 [1977]). Nor is "the standard authorization signed by defendant as parolee for searches of his person, residence or property ... to be taken as an unrestricted consent to any and all searches whatsoever or as a blanket waiver of all constitutional rights to be secure from unreasonable searches and seizures" (id. at 182). Nonetheless, "what may be unreasonable with respect to an individual who is not on parole may be reasonable with respect to one who is" (id. at 181). "Where, ... as here, the search and seizure is undertaken by the parolee's own parole officer, ... [the question of] whether the action was unreasonable ... must turn on whether the conduct of the parole officer was rationally and reasonably related to the performance of the parole officer's duty,"...