Pleickhardt v. Lippman

• Decision Date: 01 October 1997
• Parties: , 1997 N.Y. Slip Op. 97,595 In the Matter of James PLEICKHARDT, Petitioner, v. Johnathan LIPPMAN, as Chief Administrative Judge of the Office of Court Administration of the State of New York, et al., Respondents.
• Court: New York Supreme Court

Page 806

665 N.Y.S.2d 806

174 Misc.2d 552, 1997 N.Y. Slip Op. 97,595

In the Matter of James PLEICKHARDT, Petitioner, v. Johnathan LIPPMAN, as Chief Administrative Judge of the

Office of Court Administration of the State of New

York, et al., Respondents.

Supreme Court, Suffolk County.

Oct. 1, 1997.

Esseks, Hefter & Angel, Riverhead (Thomas F. Whelan, of counsel), for petitioner.

Dennis C. Vacco, Attorney General, Hauppauge, and Michael Colodner, New York City (Ellen Smithberg, of counsel), for respondents.

WILLIAM L. UNDERWOOD, Jr., Justice.

The case at bar is an action (pursuant to CPLR Article 78) which seeks to annul the determination of the respondents in removing petitioner from the eligible list for Court Officer. The essence of this controversy centers on an alleged prior bad act which petitioner committed resulting in his arrest and ultimate disposition via an Adjournment in Contemplation of Dismissal (ACOD). Petitioner contends, inter alia, that this incident should not have been considered in the decision to remove him from the eligible list. Respondents, however, assert that they were empowered to "consider the acts underlying an arrest in evaluating an applicant's fitness for employment as a Court Officer" (respondents' Memorandum of Law, p. 2).

The role of the Court in an Article 78 proceeding is to determine if a particular governmental agency acted in an "arbitrary and capricious" manner (Harwood v. Board of Trustees of Incorporated Village of Southampton, 176 A.D.2d 291, 574 N.Y.S.2d 217 [2nd Dept., 1991]; Corliss v. Solomon, 75 A.D.2d 837, 427 N.Y.S.2d 868 [2nd Dept., 1980] ). We note this standard of review because the Court has been impressed by both petitioner's eloquent brief (for which we commend Mr. Whelan) and Mr. Pleickhardt's obvious sincerity, sobriety and penitent demeanor. A Court, however, may not disturb an administrative finding simply because the Court feels that decision was wrong. The Court's succor is warranted only if it is determined that the offending agency acted "without sound basis in reason and ... without regard to the facts" (see Konski Engineers, P.C. v. Levitt, 69 A.D.2d 940, 942, 415 N.Y.S.2d 509 [1979] aff'd 49 N.Y.2d 850, 427 N.Y.S.2d 796, 404 N.E.2d 1337, citing Matter of Pell v. Board of Education, 34 N.Y.2d 222, 231, 356 N.Y.S.2d 833, 313 N.E.2d 321). For the Court to intrude further, however altruistic the cause, would be a usurpation of the administrative duties of the sovereign. Such an unnatural role (i.e., acting in lieu of the state agency) is as much a betrayal of the Court's function as judicial legislation (see People v. Finnegan, 85 N.Y.2d 53, 623 N.Y.S.2d 546, 647 N.E.2d 758 [1995] ); People v. Heine, 9 N.Y.2d 925, 217 N.Y.S.2d 93, 176 N.E.2d 102 (see also, Bright Homes v. Wright, 8 N.Y.2d 157, 203 N.Y.S.2d 67, 168 N.E.2d 515; McKinney's Cons. Laws of N.Y., Book 1, Statutes, Sec. 73). As discussed herein, the respondents' conduct does not descend to the level of irrationality. Although this rule may sometimes be harsh in application, as in the matter at hand, it continually proves the viability of Lord Coke's observation "lex citius tolerare vult privitum damnum quam publicum malum" (Coke on Littleton, at 152, Hambel v. Bohemia Fire Dept., 158 Misc.2d 650, 601 N.Y.S.2d 654 [Supreme Ct., Suffolk Co., 1993] aff'd 210 A.D.2d 379, 621 N.Y.S.2d 89).

The first question presented is whether the granting of an adjournment in contemplation of dismissal precludes a prospective employer from inquiry or consideration of the facts underlying the original criminal charge against a job applicant. The pertinent statute reads in part:

"The granting of an adjournment in contemplation of dismissal shall not be deemed to be a conviction or an admission of guilt. No person shall suffer any disability or forfeiture as a result of such an order. Upon the dismissal of the accusatory instrument pursuant this section, the arrest and prosecution shall be deemed a nullity and the defendant shall be restored, in contemplation of law, to the status he occupied before his arrest and prosecution" (CPL Sec. 170.55[8] ).

As demonstrated in the above language, the legislative beneficence of an ACOD confers several privileges upon a person charged with an offense. The right to consider the proceeding as a "favorable determination" is not one of them (Nappi v. Kappeler, 118 Misc.2d 638, 461 N.Y.S.2d 193 [Special Term, Nassau Co., 1983] ).

Contrary to petitioner's assertions, this statute forbids penalties or forfeitures from inuring as a result of the granting of the ACOD itself and does not contemplate (or bar) subsequent social opprobrium which may naturally result from the subject's misdeeds (see Property Clerk of the New York City Police Department v. Famiglietti, 160 A.D.2d 542, 554 N.Y.S.2d 519 [1st Dept., 1990]; Preiser, Practice Commentaries, McKinney's Cons.Laws of N.Y., CPL Sec. 170.55, Book 11A, p. 94, 1993). Since it is considered appropriate for the underlying facts surrounding the original arrest to be used in a civil lawsuit against a criminal defendant, it is reasonable to conclude that such information can also be utilized by a prospective employer in deciding to hire that person (see Famiglietti, supra).

Having decided that the respondents were entitled to consider the events surrounding petitioner's arrest, the Court turns to the question of whether respondents' decision to remove petitioner from the Court Officer's eligibility list was "... so...