Sanicola v. State, 55656
| Decision Date | 22 May 1980 |
| Docket Number | No. 55656,55656 |
| Citation | 384 So.2d 152 |
| Parties | Grace SANICOLA, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee. |
| Court | Florida Supreme Court |
Jerome M. Rosenblum, Hollywood, for appellant.
Jim Smith, Atty. Gen. and Joy B. Shearer, Asst. Atty. Gen., West Palm Beach, for appellee.
By direct appeal we have before us the constitutionality of section 409.325(1) (b), Florida Statutes (1977). We have jurisdiction pursuant to article V, section 3(b)(1), Florida Constitution.
Appellant, hereinafter defendant, was charged with welfare fraud. Specifically, the state alleged she had failed to disclose her husband's employment in order to obtain state assistance in violation of section 409.325(1)(b), Florida Statutes (1977)
(One who f)ails to disclose a change in circumstances in order to obtain or continue to receive under any such program aid or benefits to which he is not entitled or in an amount larger than that to which he is entitled, or who knowingly aids or abets another person in the commission of any such act is guilty of a crime and shall be punished as provided in subsection (5).
Defendant moved to dismiss the information on the basis that the statute was unconstitutionally vague and an unlawful delegation of power by the legislature to the Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services (HRS). Art. II, § 3, Fla.Const. Without comment, the trial court entered its order denying the motion to dismiss. Defendant later entered a plea of nolo contendere and specifically reserved the right to appeal the constitutional question. We affirm.
A statute will withstand constitutional scrutiny under a void-for-vagueness challenge if it is specific enough to give persons of common intelligence and understanding adequate warning of the proscribed conduct. Roth v. U. S., 354 U.S. 476, 77 S.Ct. 1304, 1 L.Ed.2d 1498 (1957); Sandstrom v. Leader, 370 So.2d 3 (Fla.1979). There should be sufficient clarity so that guesswork is not required to discern the prohibition. Brock v. Hardie, 114 Fla. 670, 154 So. 690 (1934). Defendant maintains that the phrase "change in circumstances" is vague because there is no indication as to the type of change required to trigger the statute. Defendant suggests that it would be helpful to know whether the change refers to alterations in financial status as opposed to other types of changes. Also, since there is no limitation that the change be material, it is possible to incur criminal liability for insignificant incidents. See State v. DeLeo, 356 So.2d 306 (Fla.1978).
The state counters with the argument that when read in its entirety, chapter 409 makes it clear that the type of "changes in circumstances" which must be disclosed are those which affect eligibility for financial assistance. See, e. g., Riggins v. State, 369 So.2d 948 (Fla.1979); § 409.185, Fla.Stat. (1977). We agree.
The statute prohibits non-disclosure of "a change in circumstances in order to obtain or continue to receive . . . benefits to which he is not entitled." § 409.325(1)(b), Fla.Stat. (1977) (E.S.). Clearly the disclosure must be pertinent to the person's eligibility to receive or continue to receive assistance; otherwise the disclosure would have no effect and the prohibition would be meaningless.
The defendant next contends that the statute is an unconstitutional delegation of authority in violation of article II, section 3 of the Florida...
To continue reading
Request your trial
-
Richards v. State
...Locklin v. Pridgeon, 158 Fla. 737, 30 So.2d 102, 104 (1947).2 D'Alemberte v. Anderson, 349 So.2d 164, 166 (Fla.1977).3 Sanicola v. State, 384 So.2d 152, 153 (Fla.1980).4 State v. Wershow, 343 So.2d 605, 608 (Fla.1977).5 State v. Elder, 382 So.2d at 690; see also State v. Keaton, 371 So.2d 8......
-
Richards v. State, 90-2912
...1 Brock v. Hardie, 114 Fla. 670, 678-79, 154 So. 690, 694 (1934); see Falco v. State, 407 So.2d 203, 206 (Fla.1981); Sanicola v. State, 384 So.2d 152, 153 (Fla.1980); Brunelle v. State, 360 So.2d 70, 71 (Fla.1978); Leeman v. State, 357 So.2d 703, 705 (Fla.1978); State v. Wershow, 343 So.2d ......
-
Brown v. State, s. 81189
...is specific enough to give persons of common intelligence and understanding adequate warning of the proscribed conduct." Sanicola v. State, 384 So.2d 152, 153 (Fla.1980) (citations omitted). The legislature's failure to define "public housing facility" does not render the statute unconstitu......
-
ENRIGUEZ v. State, 2D02-2111.
...it is specific enough to give persons of common intelligence and understanding adequate warning of the proscribed conduct. Sanicola v. State, 384 So.2d 152 (Fla.1980). The language must convey a sufficiently definite warning as to the proscribed conduct when measured by common understanding......